【素材】 Unit 16lesson1 文本 英语作文中名人例子 （北师大）(1).doc

英语作文中名人例子 1.成功/英雄/困难类 （被写的经久不衰！）2.大众观点类：（媒体/团体/主流）3.谎言/现象本质/隐私 （这个我也不懂）4.动机类 （这个说的优点玄乎）5.改变/科技/创新类6.了解自身类7.选择类下面就淘选了些经典例子！1.Bill Gates（比尔盖茨）When Bill Gates made his decision to drop out from Harvard, he did not care too much of the result. Gates entered Harvard in 1973, and dropped out two years later when he and Allen started the engine of Microsoft. Many people did not understand why Gates gave up such a good opportunity to study in the worlds No.1 University. However, with size comes power, Microsoft dominates the PC market with its operating systems, such as MS-DOS and Windows. Now, Microsoft becomes the biggest software company in the world and Bill Gates becomes the richest man in the world.用于有放弃就会有所得、勇气、懂得把握机会类2.Thomas Edison（托马斯 爱迪生） In 1879, after more than 1,000 trials and $40,000, Thomas Edison introduced an inexpensive alternative to candles and gaslight: the incandescent lamp. Using carbonized filaments from cotton thread, his light bulb burned for two days. These bulbs were first installed on the steamship Columbia and have been lighting up the world ever since.用于创造力/科技类、失败是成功之母、努力、成功/英雄/困难类3.Mother Teresa（特雷莎修女）Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, dedicated the majority of her life to helping the poorest of the poor in India, thus gaining her the name Saint of the Gutters. The devotion towards the poor won her respect throughout the world and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. She founded an order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India dedicated to serving the poor. Almost 50 years later, the Missionaries of Charity have grown from 12 sisters in India to over 3,000 in 517 missions throughout 100 countries worldwide.用于大众观点类/善良、品性/4.Diana Spencer（戴安娜王妃）Lady Diana Spencer, Princess of Whales, is remembered and respected by people all over the world more for her beauty, kindness, humanity and charitable activities than for her technical skills.不好意思了，戴安娜王妃，我还真不知怎么用你呢.5.Nelson RolihlahlaMandela（纳尔逊罗利赫拉赫拉曼德拉）Mandela, the South African black political leader and former president, was awarded 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to antiracism and antiapartheid. Nelson Mandela is one of the great moral and political leaders of our time: an international hero whose lifelong dedication to the fight against racial oppression in South Africa won him the Nobel Peace Prize and the presidency of his country. Since his triumphant release in 1990 from more than a quarter-century of imprisonment, Mandela has been at the centre of the most compelling and inspiring political drama in the world. As president of the African National Congress and head of South Africas antiapartheid movement, he was instrumental in moving the nation toward multiracial government and majority rule. He is revered everywhere as a vital force in the fight for human rights and racial equality.用于英雄、斗争/大众观点类（非暴力）/6.Beethoven（贝多芬）Beethoven, the German Composer, began to lose his hearing in 1801 and was entirely deaf by 1819. However, this obstacle could not keep him from becoming one of the most famous and prolific composers in art history. His music, including 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, several senates and so on, formes a transition from classical to romantic composition.用于成功/英雄/困难类7.George Bush（乔治 布什）On January 16, 1991, President Bush ordered the commencement of Operation Desert Storm, a massive U.S.-led military offensive against Iraq in the Persian Gulf. In late 1992, Bush ordered U.S. troops into Somalia, a nation devastated by drought and civil war. The peacekeeping mission would prove the most disastrous since Lebanon, and President Clinton abruptly called it off in 1993.用于成功/英雄/困难类8.Jimmy Carter（吉米卡特）President Carters policy of placing human rights records at the forefront of Americas relationships with other nations contributed to a cooling of Cold War relations in the late 1970s. In 1980, for the first time in seven years, Fidel Castro authorized emigration out of Cuba by the countrys citizens. The United States welcomed the Cubans, but later took steps to slow the tide when evidence suggested that Castro was using the refugee flight to empty his prisons.用于成功/英雄/困难类/斗争、9.Neville Chamberlain（内维尔张伯伦）In 1938, British Prime Minister Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact with Adolf Hitler, an agreement that gave Czechoslovakia away to Nazi conquest while bringing, as Chamberlain promised, peace in our time. Eleven months after the signing of the Munich Pact, Germany broke the peace in Europe by invading Poland. A solemn Chamberlain had no choice but to declare war, and World War II began in Europe.不喜欢他，不说了.10.Raoul Wallenberg（瓦伦堡） Raoul Wallenberg was a young Swedish aristocrat. In 1944 he left the safety of his country and entered Budapest. Over the next year he outwitted the Nazis and saved as many as 100,000 Jews (he was not himself Jewish) from the death camps. In 1945 he was arrested by the Russians, charged with spying, and imprisoned in a Russian labor camp.用于道德类/英雄、自救（Conscience is a more powerful motivation than money,fame and power）11.George Soros -（乔治 索斯洛）the financial crocodileSoros, who at one stage after the fall of the Berlin Wall was providing more assistance to Russia than the US government, believes in practising what he preaches.His Open Society Institute has been pivotal in helping eastern European countries develop democratic societies and market economies. Soros has the advantage of an insiders knowledge of the workings of global capitalism, so his criticism is particularly pointed. Last year, the Soros foundations network spent nearly half a billion dollars on projects in education, public health and promoting democracy, making it one of the worlds largest private donors.用于大众观点类：（媒体/团体/主流）12.Paul Revere（保罗 ） Our perceptive towards Paul Revere just illustrates this point. According to the romantic legend, he, galloping along of the dark from one farm house to another, alerted the people to the coming British. And of course the story emphasized the courage of one man, made him a hero in our history books. However, his heroism required a matrix of others who were already well-prepared to mobilize against the oppressor and he was just one part of a pre-arrange plan. Heroes like Revere have no usefulness apart from a society primed to act.用于英雄、斗争/勇敢/合作类Cooperation13.Henry Ford（亨利 福特）Henry ford,one of the most influential inventors in the history, was always inattentive in school. Once ,he and a friend took a watch apart to probe the principle behind it. Angry and upset, the teacher punished him both to stay after school. their punishment was to stay until they had fixed the watch. but the teacher did not know young fords genius,in ten minutes,this mechanical wizard had repaired the watch and was on this way home.It is imagination that invigorated Ford to make a through inquiry about things he did not know.He once plugged up the spout of a teapot and placed it on the fire. then he waited to see what would happen. the water boiled and, of course, turned to steam. since the steam had no way to escape, the teapot exploded. the explosion cracked a mirror and broke a window.Fords year of curiosity and tinkering paid off,when he built his imagination of horseless carriage into reality, the history of transportation was changed forever用于creativity/curiosity/科技类15.Alexander Graham Bell（亚历山大 格雷厄姆贝尔） Not realizing the full impact it would have on society, Alexander Graham Bell introduced the first telephone to an amazed audience at Americas Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. Within a year, Bell had installed 230 phones and established the Bell Telephone Company, which was later transformed into AT&T. In 1997, 643,000,000,000 calls were made by people in the United States alone.用于英雄/创造、科技/影响力类考研政治大题答题技巧普遍适用规则：在掌握知识量基本相同的情况下，答题技巧的不同可能使总分相差10到20分。政治的考研试卷中大题的分值占百分之六十，而实际上大题也是技巧性最强的题型。下面向大家介绍大题答题四步曲：第一步：仔细审题。找出本题目是关于哪个学科的哪个章节，在草稿纸上写下此章节内所有可能与本题有联系的基本概念及原理。大多数题目是跨章节，甚至跨学科的，要注意思维的发散性。第二步：解释每一个概念并写出原理的基本内容。如果自己写出的相关概念太多，则视试卷留出的空白捡重要的写，解释概念和原理一般不要超过本题答题空间的二分之一。什么？太多了？不要怕，答多不扣分。但要注意答题时每个概念和原理要作为一段，字迹要工整清晰。好了，本题目分数的一半你已经拿到了，下面进行第三步。第三步：联系实际。如果本题是论述题，则根据本题联系实际中的一些现象，给出评价；如果本题是材料题，则材料就是实际，指出材料中的一些问题，也就是将材料用你学过的关于政治的术语再复述一遍。这部分一定要有，而且要作为一个段落，如果字迹工整的话，即使这一段答得驴头不对马嘴，至少也有两分。第四步：总结。这一部分是绝对送分的，但也要有技巧。要将其作为一个段落，如果此题是论述题，则将整个题目再复述一遍，不要忘了在前面加上一个所以；如果此题是材料题，则提倡材料中好的做法，批评材料中坏的做法。如果答大题时你能熟练地按上面的四步做，大题方面你至少可以比相同水平的其他人多得n分，不信？试用历史唯物主义的有关原理说明以德治国与以法治国的关系及其重要意义(2002年政治重中之重)。首先仔细读题目，题目中已经告诉我们是用马哲中的历史唯物主义的几章的原理，而以法治国和以德治国是邓论中的内容，因此要考虑将两个学科结合起来答题。表面上看题目中有两个基本概念以法治国和以德治国，联系到马哲，以德治国便是是道德问题，是上层建筑；以法治国便是法制问题。如此以来，此题需要答的基本概念和原理有：道德，法制，以德治国，以法治国，上层建筑，道德与法制的关系，以法治国和以德治国的关系。然后联系实际，这一步没关系，只要稍微写两句而且字迹工整便不失大格。最后总结，好像这里把题目重抄一遍不顺口，其实只要稍微一改便行：要把以法治国和以德治国相结合。下面我们看一下标准答案：1)历史唯物主义认为道德与法制既有联系又有区别，二者的区别表现在：道德的概念；法制的概念；道德与法制的关系。2)历史唯物主义又认为，社会的经济基础决定上层建筑的产生、性质和变化；上层建筑反作用于经济基础。社会主义的法律和道德是社会主义上层建筑的重要组成部分，它对经济基础的发展有重大意义。3)以法治国和以德治国又是相辅相成，不可分割的。以法治国的概念；以德治国的概念；以法治国和以德治国的关系。4)把以德治国和以法治国紧密的结合起来，是建设有中国特色的社会主义的要求，也是社会主义市场经济的要求。怎么样，是不是感到大题的简单了？上面是我总结的几条关于政治考研的技巧，如果你能真正掌握它，不好意思，你的政治考研分数再也没有希望低于70分了。论述题：第一步：仔细审题。建议考生找出本题目是关于哪个科学的哪个章节，在草稿纸上写下此章节内所有可能与本题有联系的基本概念及原理。大多数题目是跨章节，甚至跨学科的，要注意思维的发散性。第二步：解释每一个概念并写出原理的基本内容。如果自己写出的相关概念太多，建议视试卷留出的空白捡重要的写，解释概念和原理一般不要超过本题答题空间的二分之一。什么？太多了？不要怕，答多了不扣分。但考生要注意答题时每个概念和原理要作为一段，字迹要工整清晰。好了，本题目分数的一半你已经拿到了，下面进行第三步。第三步：联系实际。如果本题是论述题，建议考生根据本题联系实际中的一些现象，给出评价，如果本题是材料题，则材料就是实际，指出材料中的一些问题，也就是将材料用你学过的关于政治的术语再复述一遍。这部分一定有要有，而且要作为一个段落，字迹工整。第四步；总结。这一部分是绝对送分的，但也要有技巧。将其作为一个段落，如果此题是论述题，则将整个题目再复述一遍，不要忘了在前面加上一个所以；如果此题是材料题，则提倡材料中好的做法，批评材料中坏的做法。上面的四步中好像没有提过辨析题，辨析题就是一个分值较少而且需要判断的论述题，除了判断以外，上面的四步同样适用。但要求考生特别注意的是辨析题的判断，千万不要盲目的说其对错，例如一些题目的前半部分是对的而后半部分产错的，有的题目说的不会面，这些都要指出。材料题：如何回答政治材料题一、政治材料分析题的基本特点：1、提供情境，包含手段和结果，要求从结果的好与坏来判断所运用手段是否合理，并要求提出相应的解决办法。2、要求规范的答题步骤：先答基本原理，引出配套的方法，进而用方法来分析材料。3、要求多角度分析所蕴涵的知识。二、解题的基本思路：1、从方法入手：先判断材料所持方法（手段）根据知识体系中原理和方法（手段）的固定搭配得出基本原理。2、判断方法最主要的依据是材料中的重点语句，对重点语句进行范畴归属判断，进而了解所持手段（方法）。3、审题时应注意题目的限制性要求，并由此得出知识体系的大范围。4、应注意材料中的效果，如果效果是积极的，说明所持方法（手段）是正确的；如果效果是消极的，说明所持方法（手段）是错误的。错误的情况有很多种，最主要有以下几种：（1）与正确方法（手段）相对立；（2）主次颠倒；（3）主次不分；（4）割裂本来存在的联系。5、应对材料进行层次分析，以便与方法（手段）相对应。找出所包含条件（重点语句），回答时决不能漏掉材料中所包含条件。三、答题的基本步骤：1、先回答基本原理2、其次回答方法（手段）要求3、把方法细化成几个方面，与材料层次对接，用材料替代原理，一一对应。四、检查阶段：1、应注意材料中所包含的条件是否全部用完，如果没有用完，说明前面所述知识点还有缺漏，应补齐。2、检查重点语句范畴判断是否正确。3、检查步骤是否完整、规范。是否按照：原理方法实践分析的步骤。五、复习的基本要求：1、应分层对知识进行整理，分为“是什么”、“为什么”、“怎么办”三部分，其中，“是什么”和“为什么”属于基本原理：“怎么办”属于方法（手段）。2、“是什么”主要用与范畴判断，用以审题中的思路引入，即材料中重点语句范畴判断，借以得出原理。3、“为什么”主要指关系、地位和作用、意义等，它是方法（手段）的理论出发点。4、“怎么办”是掌握知识点的落脚点，也是材料引入的关键。“怎么办”不能停留在课本的水平上，还应与重大时事、党的路线、方针、政策相联系，把党的路线、方针、政策细化、归并入课本的基本点。5、应对所有知识进行规范化整理，一方面，把所有知识分解为基本原理和基本要求（方法或手段）两大块；另一方面，按大、中、小三个角度进行整理，“大”指最基本的原理，“中”指课本的具体要求，“小”指党的路线、方针、政策（它是课本具体要求的细化）；第三、应注意知识之间的内在联系，进行横向整理，以便多角度地思考问题分析题答题技巧材料分析题在近几年考研政治试卷中所占的分值比较重，需要考生加强训练。（一）分析题解答分析题的基本思路和步骤是：1仔细审题并抓关键词。大多数分析题是跨章节，甚至跨学科的。答题之前要仔细阅读题干、材料及问题，答题之前要仔细阅读题干、材料及问题，了解题目需要回答什么，为什么要这样回答，怎么回答。要注意思维的发散性。这是做好分析体的第一步，也是最关键的一步。找出本题目是关于哪个学科的哪个章节，在草稿纸上写下此章节内所有可能与本题有联系的基本概念及原理。对跨章节，甚至跨学科的题目，要注意思维的发散性。审题可以运用以下几种方法：（1）逆向审题法：先搞清楚题目问什么？有几问？然后带着问题阅读材料。这样做可以不必要地重复审题，节省宝贵的考试时间。（2）寻找关键词：抓关键词语，力求搞清每段材料的中心含义，努力回忆与此相关的课文理论，并注意筛选。（3）分析层次法：对一大段材料的要分层并弄清每层意思，这种层次性既体现在题干的表述或材料中，也会明确出现在题后的设问中。通过分析，抓住试题的主旨，再按其要求分别回答，这样可以避免遗漏。2阅读材料并组织答案。在审清题意的基础上，仔细阅读题干或者材料。阅读时可边阅读边划出材料中带有结论性或倾向性的话语，或者在草稿纸上写下相关信息（注意不要沉溺于细节、事例或者数字），同时搜索、提取大脑中平时储存的相关知识，然后理清思路，组织答案。3答题时注意：（1）凡问现象的问题，首先回答表象，即看到什么，就回答什么，不需太展开，简要回答即可。随后，必须回答现象之后隐含的实质（本质），这才是重点。（2）凡是