浙江省2018中考英语复习教材知识梳理篇第8课时八上Modules1_2精讲试题外研版.docx

第8课时八年级上册Modules 12,基础知识巩固温馨提示：建议在掌握重点单词、短语及句型后，趁热打铁，完成默写手册P14对应内容，以达到巩固、自测的效果。重点单词1.pair n. (相关的)两个人，一对2correct v. 改正；纠正 adj. 正确的；对的 3spelling n. 拼写4word n. 词；单词；字 5practise v. 练习6match v. 找到与相配之物，使相配；使成对7meaning n. 意义；意思8complete v. 把填完整；使完全 9sentence n. 句子10dictionary n. 词典；字典 11grammar n. 语法12letter n. 字母13mistake n. 错误；过错14understand v. 理解；明白15advice n. 意见；建议16should v. aux. 应该 17possible adj. 可能的18notebook n. 笔记本 19forget v. 忘；忘记20.pronounce v. 发的音 21aloud adv. 大声地；出声地22radio n. 电台；广播 23pronunciation n. 发音24key adj. 关键性的，非常重要的 25.main adj. 主要的；最大的26excellent adj. 极好的；优秀的 27.agree v. 赞同28vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量 29improve v. 改进；改善30basic adj. 主要的；基础的 31time n. 次；回32advise v. 向提出意见；忠告；建议 33.shy adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的34conversation n. 谈话；交谈 35quickly adv. 快地；迅速地36natural adj. 合理的；合乎常情的 37.suggest v. 建议；提议38place v. 放置 39hill n. 小山；小丘40.population n. (某一地区的)人口，全体居民 41wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的42million num. 百万 43than prep. 比44north n. 北；北方 adj. 在北方的；朝北的 45south n南；南方adj. 在南方的；朝南的 46west n西；西方adj.在西方的；朝西的 47especially adv. 尤其48university n. 大学 49island n. 岛；岛屿50area n. 地区；区域 51low adj. 矮的；低的52mountain n. 山；山岳 53countryside n. 农村地区；乡下54umbrella n. 雨伞词汇拓展1.pronounce v. 发的音pronunciation n. 发音2key n. 钥匙keys pl. 3main adj. 主要的mainly adv. 主要地4improve v. 改进；改善improvement n. 改善5advise v. 向提出意见advice n. 意见；建议suggestion (同义词)6agree v. 赞同agreement n. 同意disagree (反义词)7forget v. 忘；忘记forgot (过去式)forgotten (过去分词)8possible adj. 可能的impossible (反义词)possibility n. 可能性9.understand v. 理解；明白understanding n. 理解；谅解10natural adj. 合理的；合乎常情的naturally adv. 合理地；自然地11wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的widely adv. 普遍地；广泛地12north n. 北；北方northern adj. 北的；北方的13spell v. 拼写spelling n. 拼写14correct v. & adj. 改正；正确的correctly adv. 正确地；对地重点短语1.look up 查；查找2make a mistake 犯错误3write down 写下；记下4agree with sb.同意某人5ask for 请求(给予)6pretty good 相当好；很好7home town 故乡；家乡8be famous/known for因而闻名9talk about 谈论；讨论10speak English 讲英语11.listen to the radio 听广播12be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事13smile at sb.对某人微笑14each/every time每次15a piece of advice 一条建议16make friends with sb.与某人交朋友17take/show sb.around带某人四处参观18in the northeast of China在中国的东北边19the population of的人口续表重点句型1.We should always speak English in class.我们应当总是在课堂上讲英语。2Lets try to speak English as much as possible.让我们尽可能多地讲英语。3Why not write down our mistakes in our notebooks? 为什么不把我们的错误记在我们的笔记本上呢？4Its a good idea to spell and pronounce new words aloud.大声拼读新单词是个好主意。5.How about listening to the radio? 听广播怎么样？6Whats the population of Shenzhen？深圳的人口是多少？7Its a newer city than Hong Kong.它(深圳)是一个比香港更新的城市。8Its getting bigger and bigger.它(深圳)正变得越来越大。9Its streets are much wider and cleaner now.它(深圳)的街道现在宽得多，也干净得多。10Its taller than many other buildings in Shenzhen.它(地王大厦)比深圳很多其他的建筑物高。,重难词句选析1advice n. 意见；建议(教材P2)【点拨】advice常作不可数名词，其常用短语有：a piece of advice一条建议give sb.some advice给某人一些建议ask for some advice征求一些意见take/follow ones advice接受或采纳某人的意见【拓展】advise为动词，意为“向提出意见；忠告；建议”。常构成短语advise sb.(not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事”。如：He advised us to go to the movies.他建议我们去看电影。【即时训练】根据汉语提示补全句子。(1)I _advise_(建议) you to make a plan before going abroad.(2)Visitors to the website can find _advice_(建议)，stories and poems about bullying，in both English and French.2forget v. 忘；忘记(教材P2)【点拨】forget作动词，意为“忘；忘记”，其过去式和过去分词分别为forgot, forgotten。常构成短语forget to do sth.(忘记去做某事，事情还没做)；forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事，事情已做)。如：Im sorry.Ive forgotten your name.很抱歉。我忘记你的名字了。Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the classroom.当你离开教室的时候，不要忘了关灯。【即时训练】用所给词的适当形式填空。Dont forget _to_knock_(knock) at the door before entering the office.3population n. (某一地区的)人口，全体居民(教材P10)【点拨】(1)population是集合体名词，无复数形式。当它作主语表示整体概念时，其后的谓语动词要用单数。如：The population of Jinhua is about 5 million.金华的人口大约有五百万。(2)如果指一个整体人口中有多少人是干什么的，则强调的是一个群体，是复数概念，这时谓语动词用复数。如：30% of the population of the village were out of work.这个村百分之三十的人失业了。(3)表示人口“多”或“少”时，用large/big或small来修饰population。如：The population of China is bigger than that of Canada.中国的人口比加拿大的人口多。(4)提问“有多少人口”时使用what或how large，而不能用how many 或how much。如：Whats the population of Zhejiang Province？浙江省的人口数量是多少？【即时训练】根据汉语提示补全句子。Asia lies in the northeast of the world.It has _the_largest/biggest_population_(最多的人口)in the world.4be famous for因而闻名(教材P12)【辨析】be famous for/as/to(1)be famous for意为“因而闻名”，当主语是人时，表示人以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名；当主语是地点名词时，表示某地以某个名胜古迹或特点而著名。如：China is famous for its china.中国因瓷器而出名。He is famous for his great invention.他因他的伟大发明而闻名。(2)be famous as意为“作为而出名”，表示人以某种身份或职业而出名。如：Taylor Swift is famous as a singer in the world.泰勒斯威夫特作为歌手而闻名世界。 (3)be famous to后一般跟人，意为“对是熟悉的；为所熟知”。如：Yao Ming is famous to basketball fans.姚明被篮球迷们所熟知。【即时训练】选用恰当的介词填空。as，to，for(1)Lu Xun is famous _as_ a great writer.(2)Wenxian has been famous _for_ its green tea.(3)The Great Wall is famous_to_ people all over the world.5Why not write down our mistakes in our notebooks？为什么不把我们的错误记在我们的笔记本上呢？(教材P2)【点拨】(1)Why not？用来提出建议，意为“为什么不？”，一般用在疑问句中，询问为什么不做某事的原因。“Why not动词原形？”相当于“Why dont you动词原形？”。如： Why not go to the party with me？Why dont you go to the party with me？为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢？ 【拓展】表示提建议的句型还有：Lets do sth.What/How about doing sth.?Wed better do sth.Shall we do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?(2)write down表示“记下；写下”，在含义上相当于put down。如：Please write down the main ideas on the paper.请把主要思想记在纸上。【即时训练】第(1)题单项选择；第(2)题句型转换。(D)(1)Why dont you join us for breakfast?Sure._AGood luck！BCongratulations!CWhy? DWhy not?(2)Write down your name and address in the form.(改为同义句) _Put_down_ your name and address in the form.6Some day it will become as busy as Hong Kong，Im sure.我确信有一天它(深圳)会变得和香港一样繁华。(教材P10)【点拨】as形容词/副词原级as结构，意为“与一样” ，表示同级比较。asas中间必须接形容词或副词的原级。如：He is as tall as his father.他和爸爸一样高。Tom gets up as early as Jim.汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。【拓展】(1)其否定结构not as/so形容词/副词原级as意为“不如”。如：Lucy isnt as outgoing as Mary.露西不如玛丽外向。(2)若有修饰成分，如twice，three times，half，a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。如：Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的包比我的贵一倍。【即时训练】第(1)根据汉语意思完成句子；第(2)题用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)这本词典不如你想的那么有用。This dictionary is not _as/so_useful_as_ you think.(2) My room is half as_big_as yours.(big)7Its streets are much wider and cleaner too.它的街道也更加宽阔，更加干净。(教材P10)【拓展】这是一个比较级并列的句子。much 在这里修饰wider 和cleaner，意为“更加；得多”。在英语用法中，表示两者的比较，我们可以用much，a little，even，a bit，a lot等来修饰比较级。其中，比较的对象(than)通常可以省略。如：My sister is much taller (than me)我的姐姐(比我)高多了。Beijing is old but Xian is older.北京很古老，但是西安更加古老。This coat is a bit cheaper than that one.这件外套比那件便宜点。【即时训练】用所给词的适当形式填空。Today is even _colder_(cold)than yesterday.,当堂练习检测.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词。1Whats the _population_(人口) of China?2Mike always makes mistakes in _spelling_(拼写)3You can look up the new word in a _dictionary_(词典)4Can you give me some _advice_(建议) about learning English?5The_main_(主要的) problem is how to use the machine.6Tom is very _shy_(羞怯的) and he never talks with his classmates.7Please _place_(放置) the book on the shelf.8Its _possible_(可能的) to pass the exam if you work hard.9Diaoyu _Islands_(岛) belong to China.10We enjoy spending our summer vacation in the _countryside_(乡下).根据汉语意思完成句子。1我还建议你和朋友们谈谈电影或歌曲。 I also advise you _to_talk_about_ the films or songs with your friends.2深圳的人口比北京多。 Shenzhen _is_larger_ in population than Beijing.3. 我的家乡尤以它的大学而闻名。 My home town _is_ especially _famous_for_ its university.4它有超过六百万的人口。It has _a_population_of_ over six million.5. 纽约比美国任何其他的城市都有名。 New York is more famous than _any_other_city_ in the US.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。China is an old country 1._with_ a long history.It has the 2._largest_(large) population in the world，and about one 3._fifth_ (five) of the pe