TCP-IP协议_实验4_OSPF协议的多区域特性.doc

昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院学生实验报告（ 2011 2012 学年 第 2 学期 ）课程名称：TCP/IP协议 开课实验室：信自楼442 2012年05月21日专业、年级、班学号姓名成绩实验项目名称OSPF协议的多区域特性指导教师教师评语该同学是否了解实验原理：A.了解B.基本了解C.不了解该同学的实验能力：A.强 B.中等 C.差 该同学的实验是否达到要求：A.达到B.基本达到C.未达到实验报告是否规范：A.规范B.基本规范C.不规范实验过程是否详细记录：A.详细B.一般 C.没有 教师签名： 年 月 日一、实验目的及内容熟悉OSPF动态路由配置方法，了解OSPF路由信息的更新流程，理解OSPF通过通过骨干区域间路由信息汇聚和交换的方法，并掌握多区域路由设计和配置方法。二、实验原理及基本技术路线图（方框原理图或程序流程图）PCDPCERDRERARBRCPCAPCBPCC三、所用仪器、材料（设备名称、型号、规格等或使用软件）5台PC、5台华为路由器、Console口连接线5条。四、实验方法、步骤（或：程序代码或操作过程） 1、硬件连接。依据图示进行连接，其中虚线表示串行控制线，细实线表示以太网口连接，粗实线表示高速同步串口连接；记录路由器的端口的使用情况。 2、清除路由器现有的配置，重新启动路由器。分别查看每个路由器的路由表，要求记录输入的命令和输出（截屏或文本复制）。 3、需要分配六个子网的网段：RD-RE(192.168.0.0/24)，RE-PCE(192.168.1.0/24)，RA-RD(192.168.2.0/24)，RA-RB(192.168.3.0/24)，RB-RC(192.168.4.0/24)，RC-RA(192.168.5.0/24)。 4、以RA为例子介绍命令(假设E0端口连接RD，IP为192.168.2.2，S1端口连接RB，IP为192.168.3.1，S0端口连接RC，IP为192.168.5.2)：router id 192.168.3.1该命令设置路由器RA的ID为192.168.3.1，本实验中5台路由器的ID分别设置为RA(192.168.3.1)，RB(192.168.4.1)，RC(192.168.5.1)，RD(192.168.0.1)，RE(192.168.1.1)。路由器RA的设置：ospf enable(打开OSPF)，int e0，ospf enable area 0(将当前端口ospf区域设置为0)，RA的E0连接RD的E0，将Area1与Area2连接起来，属于区域间的路由，区域间的路由需要通过区域0才能实现。记录相应的命令和输出。 5、int s1，ospf enable area 2(将当前端口ospf区域设置为2)，int s0，ospf enable area 2(将当前端口ospf区域设置为2)，检查路由器是否配置成功，查看ospf路由表(display ospf routing)，记录命令和输出。 6、其他路由器进行相应配置，将RD和RE配置到区域1中。 7、分别查看每个路由器的路由表，并和配置前进行比较分析。 8、打开debug获取ospf报文并进行分析，相应的命令为info-center enable，info-center console，debug ospf packet。五、 实验过程原始记录( 测试数据、图表、计算等)1、连接硬件。 2、清除路由现有配置，重启路由。a202delete This will erase the configuration in the flash memory. The router configurations will be erased to reconfigure Are you sure?Y/Ny Now erasing the configuration in flash memory. Please wait for a while. Erase the configuration in flash memory successfully Please reboot the router RArebootWARNING: System will REBOOT! Continue ?Y/Ny System is now rebooting, please wait * * * * Quidway Series Router Boot ROM, V5.28 * * * * Copyright(C) 2002-2003 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD. Compiled at 09:17:22, Jun 8 2004. Testing memory.OK! 64M bytes SDRAM 8192k bytes flash memory Hardware Version is MTR 1.0 CPLD Version is CPLD 2.0 Boot ROM Version is V5.28 Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu Press ENTER key to get started when you see ATS0=1. System is starting.ATS0=1 3、为路由器各个端口配置Ip地址,并划分区域。RArouter id 192.168.3.1OSPF: The router id has changed. Reboot the system to implement the change.RAospf enableStart OSPF task. OSPF enabledRA-ospfint e0RA-enthernet 0 ospf enable area 0RA-enthernet 0ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0RA-enthernet 0undo shutdownRA-enthernet 0 int s0 RA-Serial0ospf enable area 2 RA-Serial0ip address 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.0RA-Serial0undo shutdown RA-Serial0int s1 RA-Serial1ospf enable area 2RA-Serial1ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.255.0RA-Serial1undo shutdownRAsaveNow writing the running config to flash memory. Please wait for a while. write the running config to flash memory successfully 4、查看路由配置。 Radisplay ospf routing AS Border Routes: Router Cost AdvRouter NextHop(s) Area Border Routes: Router Cost AdvRouter NextHop(s) Area 0.0.0.0: 192.168.3.1 0 192.168.3.1 192.168.2.1 10 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.2 Area 0.0.0.1: 192.168.3.1 0 192.168.3.1 Total Area Border Routes: 3 Networks: Destination Area Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.1 1562 Stub 192.168.5.1 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.1 1562 Stub 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 10 Net 192.168.2.1 192.168.3.1 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 1572 SNet 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.1 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.1 3124 Stub 192.168.3.2 192.168.5.1 192.168.5.2 Total nets: 5 Intra Area: 4 Inter Area: 1 ASE: 0 5、配置其他路由。 6、打开debug获取ospf报文并进行分析，相应的命令为info-center enable，info-center console，debug ospf packet。RAdis os dataLS DataBase:Area: 0.0.0.0Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric WhereRtr 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 64 36 8000000a 0 SpfTreeRtr 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 68 36 80000007 0 SpfTreeNet 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.1 74 32 80000001 0 SpfTreeSNet 192.168.0.0 192.168.2.1 441 28 80000002 1562 UninitializedSNet 192.168.1.0 192.168.2.1 441 28 80000002 1572 UninitializedSNet 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1 1169 28 80000001 1562 Inter ListSNet 192.168.4.0 192.168.3.1 937 28 80000002 3124 Inter ListSNet 192.168.5.0 192.168.3.1 1169 28 80000001 1562 Inter ListArea: 0.0.0.1Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric WhereStub 192.168.5.0 192.168.3.1 955 24 0 0 SpfTreeStub 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1 945 24 0 0 SpfTreeStub 192.168.4.0 192.168.5.1 955 24 0 0 SpfTreeRtr 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 952 72 80000006 0 SpfTreeRtr 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.1 946 72 80000004 0 ClistRtr 192.168.5.1 192.168.5.1 956 72 80000004 0 Clist- More (Press CTRL_C to break) -Area: 0.0.0.1Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric WhereStub 192.168.5.0 192.168.3.1 955 24 0 0 SpfTreeStub 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1 945 24 0 0 SpfTreeStub 192.168.4.0 192.168.5.1 955 24 0 0 SpfTreeRtr 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 952 72 80000006 0 SpfTreeRtr 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.1 946 72 80000004 0 ClistRtr 192.168.5.1 192.168.5.1 956 72 80000004 0 ClistSNet 192.168.0.0 192.168.3.1 63 28 80000003 1572 Inter ListSNet 192.168.1.0 192.168.3.1 63 28 80000003 1582 Inter ListSNet 192.168.2.0 192.168.3.1 63 28 80000004 10 Inter ListRadis os cum IO statistics Type Input Output Hello 319 385 DB Description 13 18 Link-State Req 3 4Link-State Update 25 27 Link-State Ack 18 14 ASE: 0 checksum sum: 0 LSAs originated: 28 received: 18 Router: 13 Net: 1 SumNet: 14 Area 0.0.0.0: Neighbors: 1 Interfaces: 1 Spf: 8 Checksum sum 48311 DB: rtr: 2 net: 1 sumasb: 0 sumnet: 5 Area 0.0.0.1: Neighbors: 2 Interfaces: 2 Spf: 11 Checksum sum 28674 DB: rtr: 3 net: 0 sumasb: 0 sumnet: 3 Routing Table: Intra Area: 1 Inter Area: 5 ASE: 0RAdis os error OSPF packet error statistics: 0: IP: bad destination 0: IP: bad protocol 0: IP: received my own packet 0: OSPF: bad packet type 0: OSPF: bad version 0: OSPF: bad checksum 0: OSPF: not on same network 0: OSPF: area mismatch 0: OSPF: bad virtual link 0: OSPF: bad authentication type 0: OSPF: bad authentication key 0: OSPF: packet too small 0: OSPF: packet size ip length 0: OSPF: transmit error 0: OSPF: interface down 0: OSPF: unknown peer 0: HELLO: netmask mismatch 0: HELLO: hello timer mismatch 0: HELLO: dead timer mismatch 0: HELLO: extern option mismatch 0: HELLO: router id confusion 0: HELLO: virtual peer unknown 0: HELLO: NBMA peer unknown 0: DD: peer state low 0: DD: router id confusion 0: DD: extern option mismatch 0: DD: unknown LSA type 0: LS ACK: peer state low 0: LS ACK: bad ack 2: LS ACK: duplicate ack 0: LS ACK: unknown LSA type 0: LS REQ: peer state low 0: LS REQ: empty request 0: LS REQ: bad request 0: LS UPD: peer state low 0: LS UPD: newer self-gen LSA 0: LS UPD: LSA checksum bad 4: LS UPD: received less recent LSA 0: LS UPD: unknown LSA typeRAdis os lsa routerLS DataBase:Area: 0.0.0.0Type : RouterLs id : 192.168.2.1Adv rtr : 192.168.2.1Ls age : 160Len : 36Seq# : 8000000aCksum : 0xc2abOptions : Area Border RouterLink count: 1 link id: 192.168.2.2 data : 192.168.2.2 type : TransNet metric : 10Type : RouterLs id : 192.168.3.1Adv rtr : 192.168.3.1Ls age : 164Len : 36Seq# : 80000007Cksum : 0xa8c7Options : Area Border RouterLink count: 1 link id: 192.168.2.2 data : 192.168.2.1 type : TransNet metric : 10Area: 0.0.0.1Type : RouterLs id : 192.168.3.1Adv rtr : 192.168.3.1Ls age : 1048Len : 72Seq# : 80000006Cksum : 0xa08Options : Area Border RouterLink count: 4 link id: 192.168.5.1 data : 192.168.5.1 type : Router metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.5.0 link id: 192.168.5.0 data : 255.255.255.0 type : StubNet metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.4.1 data : 192.168.3.1 type : Router metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.3.0 data : 255.255.255.0 type : StubNet metric : 1562Type : RouterLs id : 192.168.4.1Adv rtr : 192.168.4.1Ls age : 1042Len : 72Seq# : 80000004Cksum : 0xdb39Options :Link count: 4 link id: 192.168.5.1 data : 192.168.4.1 data : 192.168.4.1 type : Router metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.4.0 data : 255.255.255.0 type : StubNet metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.3.1 data : 192.168.3.2 type : Router metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.3.0 data : 255.255.255.0 type : StubNet metric : 1562Type : RouterLs id : 192.168.5.1Adv rtr : 192.168.5.1Ls age : 1052Len : 72Seq# : 80000004Cksum : 0x5bb3Options :Ls age : 1052Len : 72Seq# : 80000004Cksum : 0x5bb3Options :Link count: 4 link id: 192.168.3.1 data : 192.168.5.2 type : Router metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.5.0 data : 255.255.255.0 type : StubNet metric : 1562 link id: 192.168.4.1 data : 192.168.4.2 type : Router metric : 1