51单片机数码管时钟电路的设计.doc

广东石油化工学院51单片机原理与实践课程设计报告学 院 计算机与电子信息学院专 业 班 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师 课程成绩 完成日期 2010年12月27日数码管时钟电路的设计1、 设计目的：通过这次课程设计掌握单片机系统的基本设计步骤及设计思路，掌握汇编语言的用法及各种指令的含义，比较熟练的运用指令进行单片机系统的设计的，熟悉用KEIL软件进行汇编语言的汇编，以及把代码写入实验板中，观测代码结合实际的运行结果后进行调整，体会到编程的分析问题、确定算法、画程序流程图、编写程序、程序功能模块化的优点的各各步骤。2、 设计要求：LED数码管时钟电路采用24h计时方式，时、分、秒用六位数码管显示。该电路采用AT89C2051单片机，使用3V电池供电，只使用一个按键开关即可进入调时、省电（不显示LED数码管）和正常显示三种状态。3、 设计实验内容：1. 硬件的设计 其采用AT89C51单片机应用设计，LED显示采用动态扫描方式实现，P0口输出段码数据，P2口输出位码数据 ，P1.1、P1.2接按钮开关。为了提供LED数码管的驱动电流，采用6MHz晶振。2. 系统总体分析系统主要包含四大模块：显示模块、时间计时模块、模式切换模块和模式设置模块。l 显示模块：主要由主循环负责。内存中开辟了一段8字节的内存空间，用作数据显示的字符缓冲区。主循环不断将缓冲区中的字符呈现至数码管。l 时间计时模块：电子钟的核心模块，记录了时间的时、分、秒信息。l 模式切换模块（MODE）：切换电子钟的设置模式，包括时设置、分设置、秒设置、闹铃开关设置、闹铃时设置和闹铃分设置。相关数据被设置时将闪烁显示。l 模式设置模块（CONFIG）：通过判断设置模式（MODE），执行相应的设置。如时、分、秒的增1以及闹铃开关的变换。另外，主循环还负责扫描键盘，检测相应键是否被按下，若MODE键被按下则在特定单元中登记该功能，并启动定时器1，然后返回继续执行显示功能。在定时器1中断时，被登记的功能正式执行。期间用时约10ms，用以消除机械抖动。主循环流程图大致如下：开始键被按下登记相应功能数码管显示是否 图（一）主循环流程图定时器1中断服务程序流程图如下：定时器1中断logfunc = ?执行MODE执行CONFIG结束MODECONFIG 图（二）定时器1中断服务程序流程图3. 系统主要程序的设计 1) 主程序本设计中的主程序主要负责对键盘扫描及显示数据，还包括判断是否闹钟正在活动。若键盘中的P1.6（模式键）或P1.7（设置键）被按下，登记将被执行的功能，主循环不负责功能模块的执行。若闹钟正在活动，调用蜂鸣函数。其中bPalse标识了一秒的前半秒和后半秒，是为了控制显示数据的半秒闪烁。主函数还包含初始化操作，以下省略。loop: MOV B, #01111111B ；位选通信号 MOV R0, #prebuf - 01H ；数据缓冲区nextnum: ACALL keyscan ；扫描键盘 INC R0 MOV A, R0 PUSH ACC MOV A, B RL A MOV B, A JB bPalse, show ORL A, dmask JNB bAlaIng, show MOV led, #0FFH ACALL beeponce 若闹铃活动，调用蜂鸣函数 DEC SP SJMP loopshow: PUSH ACC ACALL displayone 在特定数码管显示数据。 DEC SP DEC SP ACALL delay CJNE R0, #prebufend, nextnum SJMP loopkeyscan: JNB keym, keymode ；若切换键被按下，登记“切换”功能 JNB keyc, keyconf ；若设置键被按下，登记“设置”功能 RET;=;log function mode;=keymode: MOV funclog, #01H ;key act ACALL funcperform ；激活“功能执行模块”（见下文）， RET;=;log function config;=keyconf: MOV funclog, #02H ACALL funcperform ；激活“功能执行模块”（见下文） RET2) 显示子程序在特定数码管显示数据，通过堆栈传递参数。第一个参数是待显示的字符，第二个参数是位选通信号。函数通过查字形码表将字形显示至数码管。displayone: PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV A, R0 PUSH ACC PUSH B MOV PSW, #00H MOV A, SP SUBB A, #07H MOV R0, A MOV A, R0 INC R0 MOV B, R0 PUSH DPL PUSH DPH MOV DPTR, #metrix MOVC A, A + DPTR JNB bPalse, noft ANL A, ftnoft: MOV lmask, B MOV led, A POP DPH POP DPL POP B POP ACC MOV R0, A POP PSW POP ACC RET3) 定时器TO中断服务程序 电子钟的计秒程序，负责计算时间。act: ;main timer actor CJNE R2, #0BH, con CLR bPalse ;palse per secondcon: DJNZ R2, leave MOV R2, #14H PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV PSW, #00H MOV A, s ;s INC A DA A MOV s, A CJNE A, #60H, incn MOV s, #00H MOV A, m ;m INC A DA A MOV m, A CJNE A, #60H, incn MOV m, #00H MOV A, h ;h INC A DA A MOV h, A CJNE A, #24H, incn MOV h, #00Hincn: SETB bPalse JNB bAlaOn, alarmoff ACALL checkala ;check alarm when alarm is ONalarmoff: MOV A, npage ANL A, #02H JNZ skip ACALL prepareskip: POP PSW POP ACCleave: MOV TH0,#03CH MOV TL0,#0B0H RETI4) 模式切换程序切换设置模式，包括时间时设置、时间分设置、时间秒设置、闹铃开关设置、闹铃时设置、闹铃分设置。mode: ;mode ;SETB P3.2 PUSH ACC PUSH PSW PUSH DPL PUSH DPH JNB bAlaIng, modeskip SETB bKick ;stop alarm CLR bAlaIng SJMP modeleavemodeskip: MOV npage, #00H MOV DPTR, #maskdat MOV A, cmode INC A CJNE A, #07H, enmode MOV A, #00Henmode: MOV cmode, A ANL A, #04H JZ notalapage MOV npage, #02H ACALL preala ；时钟调整页准备notalapage: MOV A, cmode MOVC A, A + DPTR MOV dmask, A ；设置时闪烁modeleave: POP DPH POP DPL POP PSW POP ACC RET5) 模式设置程序对时间量执行加1，特别的闹铃开关执行开关设置。conf: ;conf ;SETB P3.3 PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV PSW, #00H MOV A, cmode PUSH DPL PUSH DPH JNB bAlaIng, confskip ;SETB bKick ;stop alarm ;CLR bAlaIng SJMP confleaveconfskip: MOV DPTR, #confset RL A JMP A + DPTRset1: ；时设置 MOV A, h INC A DA A MOV h, A CJNE A, #24H, notset MOV h, #00H SJMP notsetset2: ；分设置 MOV A, m INC A DA A MOV m, A CJNE A, #60H, notset MOV m, #00H SJMP notsetset3: ；秒设置 MOV A, s INC A DA A MOV s, A CJNE A, #60H, notset MOV s, #00H SJMP notsetsetae: CPL bAlaOn ;闹钟开关 SJMP notsetasetah: MOV A, ah ;闹钟时设置 INC A DA A MOV ah, A CJNE A, #24H, notseta MOV ah, #00H SJMP notsetasetam: MOV A, am ;闹钟分设置 INC A DA A MOV am, A CJNE A, #60H, notseta MOV am, #00Hnotseta: ACALL preala CLR bKick SJMP confleavenotset: ACALL prepareconfleave: POP DPH POP DPL POP PSW POP ACC RETconfset: SJMP confleave SJMP set1 SJMP set2 SJMP set3 SJMP setae SJMP setah SJMP setam6) 功能执行程序执行程序负责执行被登记的功能，功能由主循环扫描键盘并登记。主循环中，当扫描到有键盘按下时，登记下将被执行的功能，然后启动定时器1，定时器1的中断服务程序即是功能执行程序，中断程序分析并执行被登记的功能。encperform: CLR TR1 ;act once PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV A, funclog CJNE A, #01H, encconf JNB keym, encperformleave ;action just at button up; ACALL mode ;do mode function SJMP encperformleaveencconf: CJNE A, #02H, encperformleave JNB keyc, encperformleave ;action just at button up; ACALL conf ;do config functionencperformleave: POP PSW POP ACC RETI4、 完整源代码11s EQU 30Hm EQU 31Hh EQU 32Hdmask EQU 33Hcmode EQU 34Hft EQU 36Hprebuf EQU 37H ;8 byte bufferprebufend EQU 3EHam EQU 3FH ;alarm miniteah EQU 40H ;alarm hournpage EQU 41H ;function pagefunclog EQU 42H ;func to actstack EQU 4FH;pinled EQU P0lmask EQU P2beep EQU P3.3keym EQU P1.6 ;key modekeyc EQU P1.7 ;key config;bit addrbPalse EQU 00HbAlaIng EQU 01HbAlaOn EQU 02HbKick EQU 03H;metrix elementm_none EQU 0AHm_o EQU 0BHm_f EQU 0CHm_n EQU 0DH org 0000H LJMP start org 0003H LJMP modelogger;INT0 to mode org 000BH LJMP act;timer org 0013H LJMP conflogger;INT1 to config org 001BH LJMP encperform;performer org 0100Hstart: MOV SP, #stack MOV TMOD,#11H MOV TH0,#3CH MOV TL0,#0B0H MOV R2, #14H ;R2 used by T0 MOV s, #00H MOV m, #00H MOV h, #00H MOV dmask, #00H MOV cmode, #00H MOV npage, #00H MOV ah, #23H MOV am, #59H SETB EA SETB ET0 ;T0 SETB PT0 SETB TR0 SETB ET1 ;T1 SETB EX0;INT0 SETB IT0 SETB EX1;INT1 SETB IT1 SETB P3.2 SETB P3.3 SETB keym SETB keycCLRbAlaIngCLRbAlaOnCLRbKick loop: MOV B, #01111111B MOV R0, #prebuf - 01Hnextnum: ACALL keyscan INC R0 MOV A, R0 PUSH ACC MOV A, B RL A MOV B, A JB bPalse, show ORL A, dmask JNB bAlaIng, show MOV led, #0FFH ;clr led when alarm ACALL beeponce DEC SP SJMP loopshow: PUSH ACC ACALL displayone DEC SP DEC SP ACALL delay CJNE R0, #prebufend, nextnum SJMP loop ; end startbeeponce: CPL beep MOV R5, #02Hbeeploop2: MOV R6, #0FFHbeeploop1: NOP DJNZ R6, beeploop1 DJNZ R5, beeploop2 RET ;end beeponce;=;display one character;param char Character to display;param mask Position character to display;=displayone: PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV A, R0 PUSH ACC PUSH B MOV PSW, #00H MOV A, SP SUBB A, #07H MOV R0, A MOV A, R0 INC R0 MOV B, R0 PUSH DPL PUSH DPH MOV DPTR, #metrix MOVC A, A + DPTR JNB bPalse, noft ANL A, ftnoft: MOV lmask, B MOV led, A POP DPH POP DPL POP B POP ACC MOV R0, A POP PSW POP ACC RET ;end displayonedelay: PUSH ACC MOV A, R5 PUSH ACC MOV A, R6 PUSH ACC MOV R5, #03Hdloopo: MOV R6, #0FFHdloop: NOP DJNZ R6, dloop DJNZ R5, dloopo POP ACC MOV R6, A POP ACC MOV R5, A POP ACC RET ;end delay ORG 0200H;=;prepare time datas;to the display buffer;=prepare: MOV ft, #11011111B;enable ft PUSH ACC PUSH PSW PUSH B MOV A, R1 PUSH ACC MOV R1, #prebuf MOV R1, #m_none INC R1 MOV R1, #m_none INC R1 MOV A, h ;h MOV B, A SWAP A ANL A, #0FH MOV R1, A ANL B, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, B MOV A, m ;m MOV B, A SWAP A ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A ANL B, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, B MOV A, s ;s MOV B, A SWAP A ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A ANL B, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, B POP ACC MOV R1, A POP B POP PSW POP ACC RET ;end prepare;=;prepare alarm datas;to the display buffer;=preala: MOV ft, #0FFH ;no ft PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV R1, #prebuf MOV R1, #m_o INC R1 JNB bAlaOn, alaoff MOV R1, #m_n INC R1 MOV R1, #m_none SJMP alaconalaoff: MOV R1, #m_f INC R1 MOV R1, #m_falacon: INC R1 MOV R1, #m_none MOV A, ah SWAP A ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A MOV A, ah ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A MOV A, am SWAP A ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A MOV A, am ANL A, #0FH INC R1 MOV R1, A POP PSW POP ACC RET ;end preala ORG 0300H;=;perform action;=encperform: CLR TR1 ;act once PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV A, funclog CJNE A, #01H, encconf JNB keym, encperformleave ;action just at button up; ACALL mode ;do mode function SJMP encperformleaveencconf: CJNE A, #02H, encperformleave JNB keyc, encperformleave ;action just at button up; ACALL conf ;do config functionencperformleave: POP PSW POP ACC RETI;=;prepare to do function;=funcperform: MOV TH1, #0D8H MOV TL1, #0F0H SETB TR1 RET;=;log function mode;=modelogger: MOV funclog, #01H ACALL funcperform RETI;=;log function config;=conflogger: MOV funclog, #02H ACALL funcperform RETI ORG 0400H;=;mode;to change function;or stop alarm when ;alarming;=mode: ;mode ;SETB P3.2 PUSH ACC PUSH PSW PUSH DPL PUSH DPH JNB bAlaIng, modeskip SETB bKick ;stop alarm CLR bAlaIng SJMP modeleavemodeskip: MOV npage, #00H MOV DPTR, #maskdat MOV A, cmode INC A CJNE A, #07H, enmode MOV A, #00Henmode: MOV cmode, A ANL A, #04H JZ notalapage MOV npage, #02H ACALL prealanotalapage: MOV A, cmode MOVC A, A + DPTR MOV dmask, Amodeleave: POP DPH POP DPL POP PSW POP ACC RET ;end mode;=;conf;to change setting;that the mode decided ;=conf: ;conf ;SETB P3.3 PUSH ACC PUSH PSW MOV PSW, #00H MOV A, cmode PUSH DPL PUSH DPH JNB bAlaIng, confskip ;SETB bKick ;stop alarm ;CLR bAlaIng SJMP confleaveconfskip: MOV DPTR, #confset RL A JMP A + DPTRset1: MOV A, h INC A ;h DA A MOV h, A CJNE A, #24H, notset MOV h, #00H SJMP notsetset2: MOV A, m INC A ;m DA A MOV m, A CJNE A, #60H, notset MOV m, #00H SJMP notsetset3: MOV A, s INC A ;s DA A MOV s, A CJNE A, #60H, notset MOV s, #00H SJMP notsetsetae: CPL bAlaOn ;ala enable SJMP notsetasetah: MOV A, ah ;ala h INC A DA A MOV ah, A CJNE A, #24H, notseta MOV ah, #00H SJMP notsetasetam: MOV A, am ;ala m INC A DA A MOV am, A CJNE A, #60H, notseta MOV am, #00Hnotseta: ACALL preala CLR bKick SJMP confleavenotset: ACALL prepareconfleave: POP DPH POP DPL POP PSW POP ACC RETconfset: SJMP confleave SJMP set1 SJMP set2 SJMP set3 SJMP setae SJMP setah SJMP setam ; end conf ORG 0500Hkeyscan: JNB keym, keymode JNB keyc, keyconf RET;=;log function mode;=keymode: MOV funclog, #01H ;key act ACALL funcper