江苏省南京市高考英语一轮起航阅读理解训练（11）（含解析）(1).doc

南京市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（11）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(七)】aplants that live in the rainforest have adapted in amazing ways to several very difficult conditions.this means that the plant has changed something in its “body” or “habits” to make it easier to survive in difficult conditions.there are several conditions they have had to adapt to.first，the soil of the forest floor is shallow.also，the soil of the rainforest is not very rich，or easy to grow in.next is the problem of very heavy rain which continues over a large part of the year.finally，many plants of the rainforest are food for animals that live there.the biggest problem that rainforest plants have to adapt to is the lack of sunlight in the rainforests lower levels.plants have adapted to this problem in several ways.many plants have very large leaves.the large leaf is helpful because it has a bigger surface area.the bigger surface area a leaf has，the more sunlight it can absorb.the canopy trees adapt by growing to be 100 feet tall so that their leaves can grab all available sunlight.other plants called lianas (climbing woody vines) have adapted by rooting themselves in the soil of the forest floor and growing up the trees until they reach the canopy layer.still other plants，such as epiphytes，have adapted by growing directly on the treestrunks and branches in the canopy and understory layers of the rainforest.an adaptation to the large amounts of rainfall that many rainforest plants have is called “drip tips”their leaves are tapered (逐渐变细) to a sharp point at the end.this allows water to run off the leaf quickly.there are many other adaptations that rainforest plants have made to their environment.these will be discussed in detail，as we investigate the plants of the rainforest! 26which of the following is a difficulty that the rainforest plants have to face?achanges in their “body” or “habits”bsoil that is not very deep.cepiphytes that grow on treestrunks.dthe worsening of the natural environment.27how do lianas adapt to the environment in the rainforest?athey grow under big leaves for protection.bthey rely on other plants to reach the canopy layer.cthey change their leaf structure constantly.dthey grow on other plantsbranches.28the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 probably refers to _.athe takein of sunlightbthe large amounts of rainfallcthe leaves having a sharp point at the enddwaters running off the leaves quickly29what can be inferred about rainforest plants?athey have to face dangers not only from animals but also from each other.btoo little sunlight and too much water are the biggest problems they face.cdifferent kinds of plants have different ways to absorb sunlight.dall of their adaptations have been investigated in detail.30what would be the best title of the passage?ahow do plants adapt to the rainforests?bwhy do plants change themselves?cwhat kind of plants is the most adaptable?dwhat is the best place for plants to live in?26b细节理解题。根据第一段的“first，the soil of the forest floor is shallow.”，可知b为答案。27b细节理解题。根据第二段的“other plants called lianas.growing up the trees until they reach the canopy layer.”可知答案为b。28c词义猜测题。this指代的是前面提到的“their leaves are tapered to a sharp point at the end.”。d项是改变后的结果。29c推理判断题。根据第二段的“plants have adapted to this problem in several ways.”及后来列举的不同植物的适应方法可推出c为正确答案。30a主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了热带雨林中一些植物是如何适应那里艰难的生存条件的。阅读理解- (2011福建卷，e)the internet will open up new vistas (前景)，create the global villageyou can make new friends all around the world.that，at least, is what it promised us.the difficulty is thatit did not take the human mind into account.the reality is that we can not keep relationship with more than a limited number of people.no matter how hard the internet tries to putyou in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.the problem is twofold(双重的)first, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with.that number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain.second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in them.we invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute whats left among as many others as we can.the problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone i once knew”this is not, of course, to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.of course it does.but the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.in one sense, thats a good thing.but it also has a disadvantage.if you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live.and i suspect that probably isnt the best use of your time.meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face.the internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it wont stop that happening eventually.一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用。而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度。他认为网络在加强人与人之间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用。17what is stressed in the first paragraph?athe present situation of the internet.bthe difficulty in communication on the internet.cthe socially valuable function of the internet.dthe role of the human mind in the internet communication.答案：d。主旨大意题。由文章第一段特别是最后一句“no matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication，its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用，故d项正确。18the underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “_”aappointment bconnectioncinterview dagreement答案：b。词义猜测题。句意为：问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间，我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经认识的人”，因此划线单词意为“联系，交往”。19according to the passage, the author holds the view that_.athe internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promisedbthe internet determines the quality of social relationshipscthe internet greatly increases the size of social circlesdthe internet communication is no less effective than the facetoface talk答案：a。推理判断题。由文章的一些信息“this is not ，of course，to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.以及the internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end，but it wont stop that happening eventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用，故a项正确。20what is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?ahe is uncertain about it.bhe is hopeful of it.che approves of it.dhe doubts it.答案：d。态度观点题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用，因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度，d项正确。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(七)】bsome people make you feel comfortable when they are around.you spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life.these people have something in common.and once we know what it is，we can try to do it ourselves.how is it done? here are several skills that good talkers have.if you follow the skills，theyll help you put people at their ease，and make friends with them quickly.first of all，good talkers ask questions.almost anyone，no matter how shy he is，will answer a question.one wellknown businesswoman says，“at business lunches，i always ask people what they did that morning.its a common question，but it will get things going.” from there you can move on to other matterssometimes to really personal questions.and how he answers will let you know how far you can go.second，once good talkers have asked questions，they listen to the answers.this point seems clear，but it isnt.your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to.and to find out，you really have to listen carefully and attentively.real listening at least means some things.first it means not to change the subject of conversation.if someone sticks to one topic，you can take it as a fact that hes really interested in it.real listening also means not just listening to words，but to tones of voice.if the voice sounds dull，then，its time for you to change the subject.finally，good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting.if youre saying goodbye，you may give him a firm handshake and say，“ive really enjoyed meeting you.” if you want to see that person again，dont keep it a secret.let people know what you feel，and they may walk away feeling as if theyve known you half their life.31asking questions might be a quite good and suitable way _.afor you to make more and more new friendsbto begin your business talkscto get the conversation going smoothlydfor you to make a deep and lasting impression on others32after having asked somebody a question，itll be polite of you to _.amake clear what kind of person he isblisten to his reply attentivelycwait quietly and patiently for his answerdgo on asking him more questions33generally speaking，good talkers are people who _.aare good at making any topic interestingbnever talk too much or too littlecalways speak in a gentle waydknow how and when they should change the topic of the talk34if you really take delight in meeting someone again，_.ayou may take him as your lifelong trustworthy friendbit seems necessary for you to let him know itcits proper for you to give him a second handshakeditll be helpful for you to have further understanding of him35whats the main idea of the passage?ahow to make people comfortable.bhow to be a good talker.chow to make people at ease by talking.dhow to find suitable topics to talk.31c推理判断题。从第三段倒数第二句“from there you can move on to other matterssometimes to really personal questions.”可知问问题可以使谈话自然进行下去，故答案为c项。32b 细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“and to find out，you really have to listen carefully and attentively.”可知b项正确。33d细节理解题。从第五段最后两句“real listening also means not just listening to words，but to tones of voice.if the voice sounds dull，then，its time for you to change the subject.”可知d项正确。34b细节理解题。从最后一段第三句“if you want to see that person again，dont keep it a secret.”可知b项正确。35c 主旨大意题。本文是说明文，第一、第二两段是主题段。归纳可知答案为c项。阅读理解-（二）2012银川实验中学月考 coconutcoconut trees can be seen all over the tropical countries everywhere in the world. coconut trees need warm weather and produce green coconuts which are filled with a colorless coconut juice. if the coconut is fresh, inside are almost all juice and little flesh. coconut milk is white in color and is extracted from coconut. green coconuts have the size of a small ball. they have to be opened on top with a knife. you will get the whole coconut in front of you and you drink the coconut juice with a straw(吸管). once you finish you can ask to cut the coconut in pieces and eat the flesh inside.dragonfruitdragonfruits official name is pitaya. its a kind of fruit which is very tasteful despite its outside looks. the pink colored skin is not to be eaten. cut the fruit in half and use a spoon to eat the grayish flesh. the black seeds can be eaten but they are not digestible. cempedak(小木菠萝)cempedak is a native kind of malaysian fruit. the taste of the fruit is similar to the related jackfruit(波罗蜜)with a hint of durian(榴莲). a sweet, mild, and juicy flesh surrounds the peanutlike seeds in a thick layer. the outer cover of the fruit is slightly sticky. cempedak can be eaten fresh. duriandurian is one of those tropical fruits you love or hate. i was once told that the smell of durian is the “smell of hell” though i can not comment on this as i have never been to hell! i was also told that in many parts in indonesia, malaysia