高考英语二轮复习 专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组训练 3 环境保护课件

题组3环境保护 专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练 A 2017 河西区二模 Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreseriousinmanyplacesaroundtheworld Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen openspaces And inthesesurroundings theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable Itisraretoseepeoplebeingatoddsorevenfightinginagarden Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother Butdoweonlysensewhatlifecouldbewhenweenjoygreenspaces Theplantworldsilentlyshowsuswhatareflectionoflifetruthfullyis Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning urgingustocareforourbreath Wemust inturn careforit opposinganysortofpollutionthatdestroysbothourworldandthatofplants Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld Oftendescribedas thelungsoftheplanet thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit Ifwecontinuetopollutetheairbyfillingitwithchemicalsanddestroytheabilityofplantstorestoreitwewillsoonpullourworldintoanunavoidabledisaster Humansmustlearntosharelife bothwitheachotherandwithplants Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether Thelessontaughtbyplantsisthathumanlifecanonlyexistwithnature Wemustcometoviewtheair theplantsandourselvesasthecontributorstotheprotectionoflifeandgrowth ratherthanproductiveobjectswecanuseandthrowawayfreely Perhapsthenwewouldfinallybegintolive ratherthanmerelysurvive 语篇解读本文主要讲了为了保护地球 我们应共同努力 和谐地与植物世界共享生活 1 Whatdoestheunderlinedpart beingatodds mean A Relaxing B Exercising C Hurrying D Conflicting 解析词义猜测题 根据上一句中的 theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable 可知 他们是和平的 因此很少看到有人争吵或打架等 因此猜测 beingatodds 的意思为 起冲突 故选D 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 2 Accordingtothefirstparagraph whatdoestheauthorsupposemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeoplewouldstrugglewitheachother A Togettheirshareofcleanair B Topursueacomfortablelife C Togainahighersocialstatus D Toseekeconomicbenefits 解析细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句 Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother 可知 如果人们能自由地呼吸到新鲜空气 就没理由跟别人争斗 故选A 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 解析细节理解题 根据第三段第四句 Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld 可知 作者最想让我们关注的是我们和植物世界的关系 故选B 3 Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto A Themassiveburningoffossilfuels B Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld C Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair D Large scaledeforestationacrosstheworld 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 4 Howcanhumanbeingsachievethegoalofprotectingtheplanet accordingtotheauthor A Byshowingrespectforplants B Bypreservingallformsoflife C Byconsumingallnaturalresources D Byallmakingtheireffortstogether 解析细节理解题 根据最后一段第二句 Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether 可知 人类想实现保护星球这个目标就要团结一致共同努力 故选D 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 5 Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernottojustsurvive butlivebetter A Expandtherangeofliving B Developnature spotentials C Sharelifewithnature D Explorenewresources 解析细节理解题 根据最后一段内容尤其是其第一句 Humansmustlearntosharelife bothwitheachotherandwithplants 可知 为了活得更好 我们应与自然分享生活 故选C 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 B 2017 南开区二模 Thetemperatureissharplyrisingwitheachpassingday People includingmanyexperts finditdifficulttoslowdowntheprocess However leavingcoalandmajorfossilfuelsinthegroundcouldhelptolimitclimatechangeinthefuture accordingtoanewstudy Thatistosay athirdofoilreservesontheearth halfofgasreservesandover80percentofcurrentcoalreservesshouldnotbeusedbeforetheyear2050 Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture weoughttocarryout somemeasurestoseverelycontroltheemissionsfromfactories vehiclesandevenourdaily lifecooking However itisagoalthatseemstobeimpossibleinoureyes Policymakersindifferentcountriesmustrealizethattheirattempttocompletelyusethefossilfuelswithintheircountriesiswhollyincompatible 矛盾的 withtheirhopetoreachthe2 degreegoal DrChristopheMcGladeatUniversityCollegeLondon sEnergyInstitutesaidinastatement Iftheygoaheadwithdevelopingtheirownresources headded theymustbeaskedwhichreserveselsewhereshouldremainunburnedinorderforthecarbonbudgetnottogobeyondthelimit It snotsurprisingtoseehowtappingintotheseunusedreserveswouldbeattractive Energy relatedindustryisabigbusinessallovertheworld TherearemanycoalreservesinChina RussiaandtheUnitedStates alongwithover260thousandmillionbarrelsofoilreservesintheMiddleEast NottomentionthatoiliscurrentlybeingdevelopedintheArctic Companiesspentover670billionlastyearintheexpansionoffossilfuels butaccordingtothenewmodelusedinthislateststudy developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresourcessoastomakesomecontributionstocontroltheworldtemperaturefromrisinghighinthefuture We venowgotpracticalfiguresofthequantitiesandlocationsoffossilfuelsthatshouldremainunusedintryingtokeepwithinthe2 degreetemperaturelimit addedMcGlade Worldleadersandpolicymakersshouldtaketheadvicetoheart becausearecentIPCCreportwarnedthatifimmediateandgreatactionsarenottakensoon climatechangewillcauseirreversible 不可逆转的 impactsonenvironmentsworldwide leavingtheworldanunsafeplaceforustolivein 语篇解读本文为议论文 论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系 解析细节理解题 由首段中的 Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture weoughtto 及 However itisagoalthat 可知答案为D 6 AccordingtoParagraph1 ourgoalisto A discovermorefossilfuelsforthefuturegenerationB slowdowntheclimatechangeC refusetousereservesontheearthD keepthetemperaturerisebelow2degreesCelsius 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 7 Theunderlinedword emissions inParagraph1refersto A thingsthataresentoutintotheairB productsthataremadefromfossilfuelsC factorsthatcausetheclimatechangeD changesthathappenaftertemperaturerise 解析词义猜测题 由前后语境可推知 画线词指的是 排放到空气中的物质 故选A 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 解析推理判断题 通读第二段可推断出答案为B 8 AccordingtowhatMcGladesaidinParagraph2 allcountriesshould A makefulluseoftheirfossilfuelsB worktogethertowardsthe2 degreegoalC findbetterwaystodigoutthecoalD increasetheglobalcarbonbudget 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 9 WecaninferfromParagraph3thatgreateffortshavebeenmadein A diggingouttheoilintheMiddleEastB gettingpeopletorethinktheirfuelplansC developingfossilfuelsaroundtheworldD developingenergy relatedindustryworldwide 解析推理判断题 由第三段中的 tappingintotheseunusedreserves intheexpansionoffossilfuels 及 developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresources 可推断出答案为C 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 10 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthefutureoftemperaturecontrol A Confident B Negative C Satisfied D Unclear 解析观点态度题 由第一段首句和尾句及最后一段尾句可推测出作者对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 C 2017 天津一中3月考 Styrofoam orpolystyrene isalight weightmaterial about95percentair withverygoodinsulation 隔热 properties accordingtoEarthsourceorg Itisusedinproductsfromcupsthatkeepyourdrinkshotorcoldtopackagingmaterialthatprotectsitemsduringshipping Withtheabovegoodfeatures Styrofoamstillenjoysabadreputation Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair TheU S EnvironmentalProtectionAgencysaysitisthefifth largestcreatorofharmfulwaste Butnowthecommonwormswhichareusuallydisgustingcancometotherescue specifically mealworms ScientistsfromtheU S andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic Onemealwormcandigestapill sizedamountofplasticaday Studyco authorWei MinWusaysthatin24hours theplasticisturnedintocarbondioxide SinceStyrofoamhasnonutritionatall arethewormshurtbyeatingplastic Muchtothescientists surprise thestudyfoundthatwormseatingStyrofoamwereashealthyaswormseatingbran 谷糠 Theresearcherswillstudytheworm seatinghabitsanddigestingsystem lookingtocopytheplasticbreakdownbutonalargerscale Oncethewaycanbeputintopractice itwillmakearevolutionarydifferencetothedisposalofplastic Solvingtheissueofplasticpollutionisimportant saysWu aStanfordUniversityenvironmentalengineeringinstructor Afterall ourearthissmallandlandfillspaceisbecominglimitedwithtoomuchgarbagewaitingtobedealtwith hesays About33milliontonsofplasticarethrownawayintheUnitedStateseveryyear Plasticplates cupsandcontainerstakeup25percentto30percentofspaceinAmerica slandfills OneStyrofoamcuptakesmorethan1millionyearstorecycleinalandfill accordingtoClevelandStateUniversity 语篇解读文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫 研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题 解析细节理解题 第二段第二句 Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair 为双重否定 表达的是肯定的意思 即 它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物 故选C 11 WhatdoweknowaboutStyrofoam A Itcanbeusedtocooldrinks B Itisaweightlessmaterial C Itisharmfulwhenrecycled D Itisusuallyusedonships 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 12 Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph A Mealwormshaveamazingdigestingpower B Mealwormsarenotbadintheirnature C Mealwormscanrescuepeople slives D Peoplemisunderstoodmealwormsinthepast 解析推理判断题 根据第三段中 ScientistsfromtheU S andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic Onemealwormcandigestapill sizedamountofplasticaday 可知 黄粉虫幼虫有令人惊奇的消化能力 故选A 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 解析推理判断题 根据第五段中 lookingtocopytheplasticbreakdownbutonalargerscale 期望模仿塑料的分解但是在更大的规模上 推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式 故选B 13 Whywillresearchersstudytheworm seatinghabitsanddigestingsystem A Tofindwaystohelpmealwormsgrowlarger B Toimitatetheirwaysofbreakingdownplastic C Tohelpdeveloptheirdigestingability D Tomakesureoftheirsafetyaftereatingplastic 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 解析推理判断题 文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫 研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题 故推断一旦模仿成功 塑料的回收利用就不会危害环境 故选D 14 Inthefuture plasticmayberecycled A byraisingamountsofmealwormsB byenvironmentalengineeringinstructorsC usingamethodinspiredbyeatingmealwormsD withoutsendingoutdangerouspollution 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 15 What sthemainideaofthispassage A Styrofoamiswidelyusedindailylife B Mealwormsaregeniusateatingplastic C Plasticrecyclingmaybenomoreaproblem D Plasticcanbeturnedintocarbondioxide 解析主旨大意题 文章中作者首先提出了问题 塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染 其次介绍了一种能消化分解塑料的虫子 并说明研究者期望通过理解和模仿从而最终解决塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染的问题 故说明也许塑料的回收利用不再是问题 故选C 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 D 2017 河东区二模 InthedryNamibDesertonthewestcoastofAfrica onetypeofbeetlehasfoundaspecialwayofsurviving Whenthemorningfogarrives theNamibBeetlecollectswaterdropsonitsbumpy 起伏不平的 back thenletsthewaterrolldownintoitsmouth allowingittodrinkinanareawithoutflowingwater ShreerangChhatrewantstousewhatnaturehasdevelopedtohelptheworld spoor ChhatreisanengineeratMITwhoworksonfogharvesting thedevicesthat likethebeetle attractwaterdrops Thisway poorvillagerscouldcollectcleanwaterneartheirhomes insteadofspendinghourscarryingwaterfromdistantwellsofrivers Accesstowaterisapressingglobalissue AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationandUNICEF nearly900millionpeopleworldwidelivewithoutsafedrinkingwater Theburdenoffindingandtransportingwaterfallsheavilyonwomenandchildren Asamiddle classperson Ithinkit sterriblethatthepoorhavetospendhoursadaywalkingjusttoobtainabasicnecessity Chhatresays Afog harvestingdeviceconsistsofafence likemeshpanel 网状面板 whichattractsdrops connectedtocontainersintowhichwaterfalls Chhatrehasimprovedthematerialsusedinthesedevices HeiscontinuinghisworkatMITSloanandtheLegatumCenterinordertodevelopaworkablebusinessplanforapplyingfog harvestingdevices Interestinfogharvestingdatesbacktothe1990s andhasincreasedsincenewresearchontheNamibBeetlebecamefamousin2001 Afewtechnologistssawpotentialintheconceptforpeople OneCanadiancharitableorganization FogQuest hastestedprojectsinChileandGuatemala Butfogharvestingremainsinitsinfancy technologicallyandcommercially asChhatrereadilyrecognizes Itstillfacessomeopenproblems hesays Butit sworkinprogress Afterall thewaterthatfillsourriversandlakescomesfromair 语篇解读文章介绍了科学家新研究出来的雾收集装置 它能在空气中收集水 因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的 解析推理判断题 根据第四段中的 inordertodevelopaworkablebusinessplanforapplyingfog harvestingdevices 及最后一段中的 Itstillfacessomeopenproblems hesays Butit saworkinprogress 可知 ShreerangChhatre正努力尝试让雾收集装置被使用 故