形容词和副词的比较级和最高级.doc

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。一. 形容词的比较级和最高级变化：1） 规则变化音节数量比较级最高级单音节+ -er + -est tall taller tallest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-est: fat fatter fattest big bigger biggest sad sadder saddest 音节数量比较级最高级双音节+ -er OR more + adj+ -est OR most + adj以-y, -ly, 结尾的词，以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est以-le,或者 -ure结尾的词，加r；以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-est happy happier/ more happy happiest/ most happy yellow yellower/ more yellow yellowest/ most yellow simple simpler/ more simple simplest/ most simple tender tenderer/ more tender tenderest/ most tender 如果你不确认,用 MORE + OR MOST +注意:以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est busy busier busiest 音节数量比较级最高级三个以上的音节more + adjmost + adjimportant more important most important expensive more expensive most expensive 例如: a. A cat is fast, a tiger is faster but a cheetah is the fastestb. A car is heavy, a truck is heavier, but a train is the heaviestc. A park bench is comfortable, a restaurant chair is more comfortable, but a sofa is the most comfortable 2） 不规则变化原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwell（健康的）worseworstbadill（有病的）oldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfar farther/furtherfarthest/furthest二. 副词的比较级和最高级变化：通常说来，副词的比较级和最高级与形容词的比较级最高级形式相同： 短副词后加-er or -est: 副词比较级最高级hardharderthe hardestlatelaterthe latest fastfasterthe fastest例如: Jim works harder than his brother. Everyone in the race ran fast, but John ran the fastest of all. 以-ly结尾的副词,用 more副词做比较级， most副词做最高级 :副词比较级最高级quietly more quietly most quietly slowly more slowly most slowly seriously more seriouslymost seriously 例如: The teacher spoke more slowly to help us to understand. Could you sing more quietly please? 有的副词有不规则的比较级形式副词比较级最高级badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest little less least well better best 例如: The little boy ran further than his friends. Youre driving worse today than yesterday