四六级资料汇总(打印版).doc

形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten 名词： 1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业： job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant= kid 短语： 1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of备选话题1：大学生不健康的生活习惯 Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Unhealthy Habits of College Students. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1部分大学生有不健康的生活习惯，例如：晚睡、过度消费、沉溺游戏。 2这种不健康生活习惯的危害 3如何纠正 写作思路依然是上课反复强调的功能段落的写作思路：首段为负面现象描述（即提出问题），二段为问题分析（危害），尾段为建议措施。 It can be noticed that there are some unhealthy living habits among young people, especially college students. Typical examples include staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming in an inappropriate way. Thus, due attention should be paid to students daily habits. Apparently, these bad habits may generate negative impacts. To begin with, they may impair students physical health and psychological fitness. In addition, what worries many teachers is that they may also exert negative influences on students academic performance. To conclude, never can we turn a blind eye to these phenomena. In view of the seriousness of this issue, it is time that we took effective measure. Firstly, it is suggested that universities or colleges should cultivate students awareness of healthy living. Secondly, students themselves are well-advised to learn to regulate and control their own life appropriately. Only by doing so, can we hope to see the ideal scenes in which students enjoy their colorful and healthy life in Ivory Tower. （162 words）分析英语四级考试翻译主要考点根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。下面所提一些重点语法项目，并提出一些建议，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 （1）句型以及其倒装使用 2008年6月翻译真题第91题： _(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission ) 建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型（以倒装方式给出） Not only .but also So ( Such )that. Not until. Neither.nor. Hardly .when. No sooner than. Only by /through /in ., . 例：Not only _ (他向我收费过高)but he didnt do a good repair. （key：did he charge me too much） （2）从句 a. 定语从句 2008年12月翻译真题第87题： Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案) （Key :which/that they havent found answers to） b. 状语从句 真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句（2007 年6月第 91题），no matter引导的让步状语从句（2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题） 建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需加强，如宾语从句（特别注意wish/ would rather 引导的宾语从句中虚拟样式），表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。 （3）非谓语动词 a. 分词做伴随状语 2008年6月第90题： _(与我成长的地方相比) this town is more prosperous and exciting. (key : Compared with the place where I grew up) 注意，答案中除过去分词（compared with ）做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。 b. 动词不定式做目的状语 2006年6月第88题 _(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. (Key : to support my university studies ) 建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之“动名词”情况。 （4）其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级，情态动词。 （5）常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如adapt to ., have trouble doing ， be likely to do. , attribute to.等类似样式。 作文是表达自己，可以随心所愿，而翻译是表达别人，被动且受制。学习翻译，尝试放下过分的自我，顺服接受，反而会行得更容易些。英语写作中很绝的结尾句！1.The most effective means to solve this problem is that _. In that case, _.2. Everything has its own two sides, no exception with AAA. For one thing, _. for another, _.3. My experience tells me that to _ needs a thorough and persevering process, and in this process you had better abide by the principles mentioned above.4. On the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of _.5. As a result, we should take some effective methods to _.6. Judging by the figures, we can draw a conclusion that _.7. In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of _. Only in this way can _ in the future.8. In my opinion, we should place much emphasis on the importance of _.9. But _ and _ have their own advantages. For example, _, while _. Comparing those two, however, I prefer to _.10. In my opinion, _ is just as common as _. If _, it may be very useful. Whatever _, the key point lies in _.11. Are their opinions correct? To my mind, the first idea seems _. As for the second idea, _.12. As a popular saying goes, _. In my opinion what really counts is not _, but _. I believer that as long as _, we will _. So I am for the opinion that _.13. In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we _, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems, and then make the right decision.14. Personally, I believe that _. Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because _.15. In my opinion, all of the people should be brave enough to show our disapproval and criticism when confronted with _.16. People are coming to realize the importance of _. They have begun to try their best to _. We believe that _.17. All in all, we cannot live without _ . But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with problems that would arise.18. Whatever you do, please remember the saying- _. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, youll definitely benefit a lot from it.19. With the development of society, _. So its urgent and necessary to _. If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.20. It is difficult to say whether _ is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of _. However, from a personal point of view I find _.21. It is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation.22. It is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of _.23. But both _ and _ have disadvantages. For example, _. Which to choose, _ or _? Careful consideration is necessary before you make your own choice.24. From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that _.25. We must search for a quick action, because the present situation of _ is grievous, if allowed to proceed, will certainly lead to _.26. No doubt, if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that _ will be put in danger.27. We need to take a second look at the matter from a wider standpoint, otherwise, we wont _.28. It is high time that _. Here are some of the measures that might be taken immediately. 29. In conclusion, we should know about the problem of _, and object to _. Only in this way _.30. Although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better. The most import is _. Another way is _. Still another one is _.31. Many solutions are offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be studied in depth.32. No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of _. But the common recognition of the importance of _ might be the first step on the right way.33. It is clear, therefore, that the task of _ demands great attention.34. We may have a long way to go before we reach the final goal. But once we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater.35. But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way. Because I believe _.36. We all know the story of _. this lesson tells us that _, we should _.37. My own point of view is that _ is a normal behavior in our society. There is no doubt that _. As an old saying goes, _.38. If we cant take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is _.39. However, this graph may not predict the entire situation in the future. I believe _.40. From the graph it is evident that _.41. From all the reasons above, we know that great changes had taken place in _. And I believe that _.42. Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that _.43. For the reasons given above, I strongly recommend that _.44. Given the factors I have just outlined, I believe that _.45. Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that _.46. Recognizing the fact that _ should lead us to conclude that _.47. In short, I support the statement that it is better to _ because _.48. After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that _ is something I truly want to do and it is worthwhile.49. My point of view in _ largely results from the fact that _.50. Now after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that _.51. From what has been discussed above, you can get your preference. Personally, I think _ has more advantages. 52. On the one hand, it has helped china _. On the other hand, it has increased chinas _, and at the same time, made great contributions to our national development.53. In my opinion, to solve this problem there might be two ways. One way to tackle this question is _. Another way that is worth adopting is _.54. As far as I am concerned, I trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.55. For me, _ is a glory and it is the most important thing I have to take into feasible consideration.56. As regards me, I tend to pick _, for _. Whats more, _.57. If I were given a choice between _ and _, I would certainly prefer _. For me, _.大学英语写作锦囊1. 能源危机: energy crisis2. 民族自豪感: national pride3. 经济和技术的进一步发展: further advances in economy and technology4. 设法对付压力: manage ones stress5. 非常流行: be very prevalent6. 采取行动: take action7. 保持积极的态度: keep a positive attitude8. 实现诺言: keep ones promise9. 电脑天才: a computer genius10. 电脑盲: a computer illiterate11. 取得非凡的进步: make remarkable progress12. 生物遗传: biological inheritance 13. 在方面起着重要 (积极的/消极的) 作用: play a significant (positive/negative) role in14. 按时: be punctual15. 保持乐观 (坚定/悲观) 的态度: maintain an optimistic ( a firm/ a pessimistic) attitude16. 热爱和平: love peace17. 因为: on account of18. 缺乏生活经历: lack life experience19. 人工智能: artificial intelligence20. 对他人有耐心: be patient with others21. 忍受痛苦: be patient of pains22. 适应新生活: adapt oneself to the new life23. 抓住机会: grasp the chance24. 对有很大好处（坏处）: do great good (harm) to 25. 假冒商品: fake commodities26. 盗版书: pirated books27. 从长远来看: in the long run28. 扰乱公平竞争的市场: upset the fairly competitive market29. 有能力的公民: competent citizens30. 获得真正的快乐: attain real happiness31. 在花费大量的时间: devote much time to32. 相反: on the contrary33. 迷信: be superstitious34. 充分利用时间: make full use of ones time35. 不顾风险: regardless of risks36. 发展中国家: developing countries37. 发达国家: developed countries38. 性别歧视: gender discrimination39. 做一项试验: conduct an experiment40. 把理论应用于实践: apply theories to practice41. 跨国公司的兴起: the rise of multinational corporations42. 在方面落后: lag behind in43. 想做: feel like doing44. 自食其力: earn ones living 45. 核武器: nuclear weapons46. 认为理所当然: take for granted47. 不遗余力: spare no efforts48. 在激烈的竞争中占上风: get the upper hand in the fierce competition49. 来自各行各业的人们: people from all walks of life50. 地球村: global village51. 通才教育: a broad education52. 明辨是非: distinguish right from wrong53. 老实/坦白地/一般来说: honestly/frankly/generally speaking54. 确立目标: set goals55. 克服困难: overcome difficulties56. 面临挑战: be confronted with challenges57. 把因素考虑进去: take into account/ consideration58. 重视: attach great significance to59. 对不可或缺: be indispensable to60. 缩小差别: narrow the gap61. 加快发展: accelerate the development62. 充分发挥潜力: bring ones potential into full play63. 繁荣昌盛: be prosperous64. 消除饥饿和暴力: eliminate hunger and violence65. 享受更美好的生活: enjoy a higher standard of living66. 自然资源: natural resources67. 展望更加光明的未来: look forward to a much brighter future 二、经典句型（一）、起笔句型1. When it comes to science, the overwhelming majority of people hold an optimistic view. They regard it as our servant. But others argue that the opposite is true. They treat it as a monster. There is probable some truth on both sides, but as far as I am concerned, I believe that2. There is a general debate over the phenomenon of students doing a part-time job. Those who advocate it claim that the experience does great good to these students. But people who object to it, on the other hand, hold the view that3. Its widely held that the rise in teenage smoking is the inevitable result of economic development. But its not a satisfactory explanation. Personally speaking, I think the primary cause is that4. In recent years, there has been a dramatic/ steady increase/ decrease in the number of PCs in China, which has drawn/aroused public attention/concern.5. In the past few years, China has witnessed/ seen a sharp rise/fall in the number of PCs. It is well known that the number has increased/ jumped/ decreased/ dropped by 20 percent compared with 10 years ago. A couple of factors can account for the phenomenon.（二）、用于承接转折句型1. There are a number of reasons for my choice. For one thing/On one hand; for another/ on the other hand2. A good case in point is 3. It is no easy task to find the reason for the deep-seated tendency which involves several factors. Frankly speaking, however 4. There is no denying that everything has two sides. But when we weigh this measures advantages against its disadvantages, we can see easily that its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. So Im for it.5. Take for example6. Thanks to/ Owing to/ Due to/ As a result of/ Because of7. “Knowledge is power.” Such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.8. Let me cite another example to prove my opinion.9. It may seem reasonable for people to draw such a conclusion, but they fail to take into account the fact that10. As a result, it may give rise to other problems.11. For all/In spite of/Despite its demerits, it still has striking merits. So, although some people are against it, I wont change my mind. I am in favor of it.12. Etiquette is to society what apparel is to the individual. Forest is to our earth what lungs are to our body.（三）、用于文章结尾句型1. Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably draw the conclusion that2. In summary/ In brief/ In a word/ In conclusion/ All in all, wed better3. No doubt, its high time that we took immediate action.4. It is necessary that effective measures/ remedies should be taken to bring the current pheno