中学生英语精粹汇集.doc

中学生英语词汇精粹一、 短语部分a) prep. + n.(+prep.)1. against ones will 不情愿地，违心地2 at a loss: 不知所措，困惑不解3 at home 在家，无拘束4 at night 在夜晚5 at one time 某个时候6 at the same time 同时7 at work 在工作8 beside the point 离题的，不相关的9 by all means 务必，一定10 by chance 偶然11 by the end of 在。末12 by the way 顺便问一下13 be fond of 喜欢14 for the sake of 为了15 for the time being 暂时16 from beginning to end 从头到尾17 from time to time 不时地，时时18 in a hurry 匆忙地19 in a low voice 低声地20 in a minute 一会儿，立刻21 in a/one word 总之，简言之22 in addition to 除了。还23 in any case 无论如何24 in bed 睡着25 in case (以防)万一26 in charge of 负责27 in detail 详细地28 in English 用英语29 in fear of 害怕30 in half 一半31 in honour of 向。致敬， 为纪念32 in life 生活中33 in memory of 为纪念34 in need 需要35 in need of 需要36 in no time 很快，立刻37 in particular 特别38 in place of 代替39 in public 公开地，当众40 in reply to 答复41 in return 作为。报答42 in sight of 看见43 in spite of 不顾44 in surprise 惊奇地45 in the course of 在。过程中46 in the end 最后47 in the eyes of 在。看来48 in the least 丝毫49 in the meantime 与此同时50 in the street 在街上51 in time 及时52 in time of 在。的时候53 in trouble 在困境中54 in vain 徒然，白费力55 influence on 对。影响56 of course 当然57 off hand 马上58 on account of 因为59 on/in behalf of 代表60 on day/night/morning shift 上白/夜/早班61 on guard against 提防，警惕62 on purpose 故意地， 特地63 on sale 出售64 on show 展出65 on strike 罢工66 on the air 广播67 on the ground 在地上68 on the left 在左边69 on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面70 on the radio 通过无线电71 on the right 在右边72 on the way 在路上73 on the whole 总的说来74 on time 准时75 on watch 值班，守望76 out of breath 喘不过气来77 out of date 过时78 out of order 出毛病79 out of place 不合适80 out of practice 生疏，荒废81 out of repair 年久失修82 out of sight 看不见83 out of work 失业84 over the radio/telephone 通过收音机/电话85 thousands of 成千上万的86 to this day 直到今天87 to ones surprise 使人惊奇的是88 up to 应由，轮到b) adj. + prep (与系动词连用)89 absent from 缺席90 according to 根据91 afraid of 害怕92 angry at sth 对。生气93 angry with sb 对。生气94 anxious for/about 担心95 apart from 除。之外，还。96 aware of 意识到97 better off 境况好98 busy with 忙于99 careful of 小心100 careful with 对。细心101 cruel to 对。 残酷102 different from 与。不同103 due to 由于104 equal to 相等，胜任105 sb be familiar with sth 某人对某物熟悉106 sth be familiar to sb 某物对某人来说熟悉107 be famous for 因。而著名108 far from 远离/远不109 un-/fit for (不)合适110 fond of 爱好111 full of 充满112 fussy about 爱挑剔113 good at 擅长于114 grateful for 感激115 hard on 对。严厉116 instead of 代替117 interested in 对。有兴趣118 keen on 对。热心119 kind to 对。友善120 late for 迟到121 once for all 就这一次122 owing to 由于123 opposite to 对着124 polite to 对。有礼貌125 be proud of 自豪126 ready at 善于，易于127 ready for 准备好128 responsible for 对。负责，是。原因129 short of 缺少130 sorry for 对。遗憾131 strict with 对。严格，要求（某人）132 thankful to 感谢133 through with 做完，结束134 wrong with 出毛病c) v.+prep.135 act on 照。行事136 agree on 同意商定（问题，条件等）137 agree with 同意某人138 aim at 瞄准139 answer for 对。负责140 arm oneself against （某人）带武器以防141 arrive at (in) 到达某地142 ask after 问候143 ask for 请求144 base on 根据145 beat about the bush 绕弯子146 beat down on 直射147 begin at 从（页）开始148 believe in 信任149 belong to 属于150 borrowfrom 从。借来151 break into 突然。起来152 call for 叫（人）153 call on 访问/号召154 call up 打电话155 care for 喜欢；照料156 catch hold of 抓住157 catch up with 赶上158 change for 用。交换159 change from to 从。转到160 clear up 放晴161 come across 偶然碰到162 come into 想出；进入163 come to an end 结束164 compare to 把。比作165 compare with 同。相比166 congratulate on 祝贺167 consist of 由。组成168 cure of 治愈 e.g. The medicine cured him of his pain.169 depend on 依靠170 devote to 把。用于 e.g., He devoted all his money to buying books.171 die from 因。伤、饥饿等而死172 die for 为。而死173 die of 因。病而死174 disagree with 与。意见不同175 do away with 废除176 end with 以。结束177 fail in 在。失败178 find out 查明179 fit in with 符合180 fly into a temper 耍脾气181 get in 收进 e.g., The peasants got in the wheat in May.182 get in touch with 同。取得联系183 get on 进展 e.g., He is getting on well in the work.184 get on/off 上车/下车185 get over 克服，渡过e.g., You will soon get over your shyness.186 get ready for 准备好187 get rid of 除掉188 get up 起床189 give lessons to 给。上课190 give in 投降（让步）191 give up 放弃192 go ahead of 先行 e.g., He went ahead of them.193 go all out 竭尽全力 e.g., He went all out to study well.194 go down (日/月)落下，下沉195 go in for 从事196 go on 继续197 go on with 继续198 go over 复习，看一遍199 go through 通过，细察 e.g., She went through the book before buying it.200 grow up 长大，发展201 go without 没有也行，放弃202 hand in 交进来203 have a look 看一看204 have a word with 同。谈话205 have words with 同。口角（争吵）206 have nothing to do with 与。无关207 have sth to do with 与。有关208 head for 朝。去209 helpin 在。帮助210 help oneself to 请吃211 help with 帮助212 hit ones head against 头撞在213 hope for 希望（得到）e.g., She hoped for Mary to come214 insist on 坚持215 inspire with 以。激发 e.g., He inspired them with courage.216 (be) inspired by 被。感动217 interfere with (in) 妨碍，干涉218 introduce to 介绍219 it goes without saying 不用说220 join in 参加（活动）221 join with sb 参加某人222 keep on 继续223 keep up with 赶上224 knock at 敲（门等）225 laugh at 对。笑226 learn by heart 背会227 leave for 动身去228 lie in 位于229 live on 靠。生活，以。为主食230 long for 渴望231 look back upon 回忆232 look down upon 轻视233 look for 寻找234 look forward to 盼望235 look through 翻阅236 look up 查寻；向上看237 look up to 尊敬 e.g., They all look up to their teacher.238 look upon as 把。看作239 make friends with 交朋友240 make room for 留出地方241 make up ones mind 决定242 meet with 遇到243 mix with 同。混合244 operate on 为。手术245 owe to 归功于246 pay attention to 注意247 persist in 坚持248 play with 玩249 point out 指出250 present with 赠送 e.g., He presented her with a gold watch.251 preside over 主持（会议）e.g., Who is to preside over the meeting?252 prevent from 阻止253 putacross 使理解（相信）e.g., She did not put her meaning across very well.254 put into 把。放入255 put into practice 实施256 put off 推迟257 put up 举起258 put up with 忍受259 quarrel over 为。争吵260 quarrel with 同。争吵261 recover from 恢复262 refrain from 设法不，忍住 e.g., Please refrain from smoking.263 rely on 依靠264 remember sb. to 代问好265 reply to 答复266 result from 由。引起 e.g., His illness results from over-eating.267 result in 导致 e.g., Over-eating results in his illness268 rob of 。抢走269 run out of 用完270 run over 碾过去271 run up against 遇到 e.g., We often run up against new words.272 see through 看透273 see to it 保证 e.g., See to it that the work is done well.274 send for 派人请275 set about 着手干 e.g., They set about the work at once.276 set an example to 为。树立榜样277 set foot in 到达 e.g., She first set foot in Shanghai in 2003.278 set out 出发279 settle in 安顿下来 e.g., She settled in a small town.280 share with 共同使用 e.g., He shared a room with others.281 share in 分担/分享 e.g., She shared in her joys and sorrows.282 show around 带。参观283 speak of 说到 e.g., She once spoke of the book to me.284 spend on 花费285 stand by 支持 e.g., We will stand by you in your hour of need.286 stand for 代表287 stop from 使。不e.g., What stopped you from coming?288 succeed in 成功 289 supply with 提供 e.g., We will supply the soldiers with weapons.290 talk about 谈论291 take care of 照顾292 take off 脱去；起飞；成功293 take part in 参加294 tell from 区分295 think about/of 考虑296 think of 想念297 tide over 渡过298 to begin with 首先299 turn against 背叛300 turn into 变成301 turn off 关掉302 turn on 打开303 turn out 查明304 turn out 关掉 e.g., He forgot to turn out the gas.305 turn out 结果是 e.g., The day turned out fine.306 turn round 绕着。转307 turn to 翻到，转向308 turn up 出现 e.g., He did not turn up until eleven oclock.309 wake up 醒来310 wait for 等待311 watch over 照看 e.g., The old should watch over the young.312 watch out for 提防 e.g., We should watch out for the enemy.313 wipe out 消灭314 write to 给。写信d) p.p +prep. (常与系动词连用)315 be absorbed in 全神贯注于316 be ashamed of 对。感到羞愧317 be burdened with 负重 e.g., He is burdened with a heavy load.318 be connected with 同。有关，同。有联系319 be covered with 覆盖320 be crowded with 挤满321 be dressed in 穿着322 be engaged in 从事，忙于323 be engaged to 与。订婚324 be equipped with 装备325 be experienced in 对。有经验326 be filled with 填满327 be furnished with 提供，布置 e.g., They are furnished with enough food.328 be interested in 对。有兴趣329 be joined to 连接，结合330 be known as 作为。而知名331 be looked on as 作为。看待332 be made into 被制成，使成为333 be married to 与。结婚334 be made up of 由。构成335 be pleased with 对。喜欢，满意336 be prepared for 准备好337 be regarded as 被认为338 be satisfied with 对。满意339 be terrified at 被。吓一跳 e.g., She is terrified at the snake.340 be tired of / with 对。厌烦 e.g. He is tired of/with this kind of life.e) V.+n.+prep341 apply ones mind to 专心于342 catch sight of 一眼瞧见，突然看见343 catch/take hold of 抓住344 devote oneself to 献身于，专心于345 do (great) harm to 对。危害（大）346 do (great) wrong to 冤枉，委屈 e.g., Dont do wrong to an innocent person.347 feel pity for 对。感到怜悯348 fix ones eyes on 凝视 e.g., He fixed his eyes on that girl.349 form the habit of 养成。的习惯350 get a good hold of 抓牢351 get rid of 除去，摆脱352 give advice on 提出。建议353 have a look at 看一下354 have (no) difficulty in （没）有困难355 have (deep) effect on 对。有（深远）影响356 have /show interest in 对。有兴趣357 have mercy on 同情，怜悯358 have none of 不允许，不接受 e.g., We will have none of your empty promise.359 have/take pity on 同情360 have the honour of 有幸。361 have trouble in 在。有麻烦362 have trust in 相信363 keep a record of 记录 e.g., She kept a record of her daily life.364 make a dive for 猛冲 e.g., The dog made a dive for the bone.365 make a mistake about 对。产生误会 e.g., Dont make a mistake about her 366 make a study of 研究，学习367 make an apology to 向。道歉368 make (the) best use of 充分利用369 make friends with 同。交朋友370 make fun of 取笑371 make ones way to 走向 e.g., He made his way to the house.372 make preparations for 准备373 make (good/full) use of (很好/充分)利用374 pass a judgement on 判决375 pay attention to 注意376 put ones heart and soul into 全神贯注于377 say goodbye to 向。道别378 say hello to 打招呼379 set an example to 树立榜样380 set fire to 放火，点火 e.g., They set fire to the house.381 shake hands with 握手382 show mercy to 同情 e.g., Never show mercy to enemy.383 show respect for 尊敬384 take a message for 捎个口信385 take aim at 瞄准386 take delight in 高兴387 take part in 参加388 take pride in 因。而自豪389 take the side of 支持，站在。一边390 throw light on 阐明，使人明白 e.g., His explanation threw light on the poem.f) v. + adv. + prep.391 add up to 总计为392 break away from 改掉，与。脱离关系393 catch up with 赶上394 come up against 遭到（反对/困难）e.g., The plan came up against a bit of opposition.395 come up to 达到（标准）/ 比得上396 cut down on 消减 e.g., He has cut down on expenses.397 do away with 废除398 do well in 在。做得好399 drop in on 顺便来访400 face up to 面对，承担401 fall back on 依靠 e.g., He has a good friend to fall back on.402 get down to 开始认真做403 get on (along) with 进展，相处404 get out of 从。出来，摆脱405 get through with 完成，花光406 go ahead with 进行，继续下去407 go back on 背信，背弃 e.g., He went back on his promise.408 go in for 参加，爱好409 go on with 继续410 grow out of 产生自 e.g., The tall tree grows out of a small seed.411 keep away from 与。脱离关系，改掉 412 keep up with 跟上413 live up to 不辜负 e.g., We shall live up to his teachings.414 look back upon 回顾415 look out for 提防，照看 e.g., Look out for cars when crossing the street.416 look up to 尊敬，仰望417 make out of 由。制造出418 make up for 弥补，补救419 make up with 讲和，配制420 put up with 忍受，容忍421 think highly of 高度评价422 watch out for 当心，提防423 work hard at 努力于g) v.+prep.+n.424 arrive at a conclusion 得出结论425 burst into laughter 突然大笑426 burst into pieces 成为碎片427 burst into tears 突然大哭428 come into being 产生，建立429 come into effect 开始生效430 come into light 发亮431 come into power 当权，执政432 come into use 开始使用，实施433 come to a conclusion 得出结论434 come to sbs help/aid 前来援助某人 e.g., Some boys come to her help.435 come to the rescue 前来营救436 do up ones hair 梳理头发437 get in a word 插话438 get into trouble 陷入麻烦439 help sb. to ones feet 帮助某人站起来440 make up ones mind 下决心441 play away ones time 虚度光阴442 plunge into sorrow 使陷入悲伤443 put sth to use 使用，利用 e.g., You should put the dictionary to a good use.444 set to work 开始工作445 take on a new look 呈现新面貌 e.g., The city has taken on a new look.二、词类转换一览表1v. n.Achieve - achievement advise - advice agree - agreementAdvance - advancement amuse-amusement announce - announcementApprove-approval believe-belief breathe - breath Celebrate-celebration clean-cleaner conclude-conclusionDance-dancer decide-decision develop-developmentDie-death disappoint-disappointment discover - discovery/discoverDiscuss -discussion drive -driver educate-educationEncourage-encouragement express-expression fail-failureFarm-farmer graduate-graduation grow - growthImagine-imagination inform-information invent-invention/inventorJudge-judgement know-knowledge learn - learner Liberate-liberation manage-management marry-marriageMove-movement operate-operation oppose-oppositionOppress-oppression organize-organization play-playerPermit-permission possess-possession practice-practicePrepare-preparation press-pressure proceed-processionPronounce-pronunciation relax-relaxation run-runnerSatisfy-satisfaction separate-separation sing-singerSpeak-speaker swim-swimmer teach-teacher Tempt-temptation translate-translation travel-travellerTreat-treatment visit-visitor weigh-weightWin-winner work-worker2. n. adj.America-American anger-angry anxiety-anxious atom-atomicAustralia-Australian brother-brotherly Canada-Canadian care-carefuleCharacter-characteristic China-Chinese cloud-cloudy colour-colourfulDanger-dangerous difference-different dirt-dirty distance-distantDread-dreadful England-English fear-fearful fool-foolishFriend-friendly fun-funny Germany-German harm-harmfulHealth-healthful/healthy history-historic/historical honour-honourableHelp-helpful horror-horrible hunger-hungry interest-interesting/interestedJapan-Japanese joy-joyful luck-lucky mystery-mysterious Nation-national nerve-nervous noise-noisy pleasure-pleased/pleasingPoison-poisonous power-powerful rain-rainy reason-reasonableRussia-Russian sleep-sleepy snow-snowy society-social sun-sunnySuccess-successful taste-tasty thank-thankful time-timely use-usefulValue-valuable wind-windy wonder-wonderful wool-wool