新航道雅思阅读必备单词表.doc

新航道雅思阅读必备单词表1. Linguist n.语言学家 ex: Not surprisingly, linguists doubt that any native speakers of Navajo will remain in a hundred years time.( 剑4， T2, R1)2. Objectively/subjectively 客观的/主观的3. Common adj. 一般的，普通的4. Comment noun/verb. 评论5. enable somebody to do something .使得某人做某事6. Statement n.说法 state v. 陈述，说7. Focus on 集中于，聚焦于8. Vary v.变化 variable 可变化的9. Attempt to do sth 企图做某事10. Extract n.节选 Ex: As core samples are extracted to assess the quality and quantity of coal at a site, they are also analysed to assess the ability of the soil or subsoil material to support vegetation. (剑3. GT-TA,R3)11. Selective/ select v挑选 adj 有选择性的12. feature n.特征 ex: the feature which makes fireflies and glow-worms so appealing is their ability to produce an often dazzling display of light. (剑5，GT-TB,R3) 13. Process n. 过程14. Affect/effect/effective/efficient v.影响 n. 影响 adj.有效的 adj.高效率的affectimpactinfluence 15. gain v.获得 giant16. Rely on 依赖于17. Additional information 额外的信息18. Principle n.原则，准则/ principal n.本金，校长19. Supplement n. 补充 Ex: many athletes are not getting the best nutrition, ever through supplement. (剑4， T4, R1)20. Derive v.派生，得于，起源于Ex: Some plastics are derived from natural sources, some are semi-synthetic, and some are entirely synthetic. (剑5，T2, R1)21. Molten rock 熔岩22. Liquid n.液体23. Crack n.裂缝24. Plateau n. 高原25. Tremendous adj .巨大的26. Force n.力量27. Emit v.释放，放射Ex: throughout its time as a larva, approximately 15 months, the glow-worm emits a bright light. (剑5，GT-TB,R3)28. Investigate v. 调查29. Realistic adj. 真实的30. Reality n.现实31. Equivalent adj.等同的Ex: in general, eligible courses include first degree courses or their equivalents and any other courses for which your local Authority will pay your tuition fees. (剑3，GT-TB, R2)32. Dispute v. 讨论，争论33. Inevitable adj. 不可避免的34. Category n.种类，范畴Ex：on the basis of this report, the EPA has classified tobacco smoke in the highest risk category for causing cancer. (剑3， T1, R2)35. Space n.空间/species n. 物种36. Frog/fog/smog n. 青蛙 n. 雾 n. 工业废气37. Extinct/ die out v. 灭绝Ex; Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50% as has so often been predicted.(剑5，T1, R3)38. emphasize v.强调39. Attach importance to 重视40. examine v.检测41. Compare v.比较42. Pour v.倾倒43. Demand n.需要 domestic demand 内需44. Reasonable adj.合理的，一般的45. Quantity n. 数量，总量46. Tribe n.部落47. Indicate v.表示，表明48. Prevent v阻止49. Gesture n.手势50. Confuse v. 混淆 confusion n.迷惑51. Cano n.独木舟52. Distinct adj. 不同的/ distinct vs extinct adj. distinctive 不同的Ex: As with many insects, the glow-worms life is divided into four distinct stages: the egg, the larva, the pupa, and the adult. (剑5，GT-TB,R3)53. Pebble n.鹅卵石54. Target/ aim/ goal n.目的55. Determine v. 决定 determine to do sth.56. reject/ refuse/ object v.拒绝、57. Dominate/ dominant v./adj. 统治Ex: Meanwhile, films themselves developed from being short “ attractions” only a couple of minutes long, to the full-length feature that has dominated the worlds screens up to the present say. (剑4，T4, R1)58. Rebind v.反弹 rebound 59. relative adj. 相对的60. Faith n. 忠诚，忠实/ faithful adj. 忠实的61. Generation n. 一代人 62. Adapt v.使适应，使合适 2。改编Ex: This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original. 63. Shift v. 转变 transform 64. Deprive somebody of sth .剥夺某人某项权利65. Brain n.大脑66. Pattern n.模式67. Structure n.结构 v. 68. foster v. 培养Ex: information on child development, and guidance on things to look for and expect as the child grows were provided, plus guidance in fostering the childs intellectual, language, social and motor -skill development. ( 剑5， T3, R1)69. Bilingual adj. 双语的70. Preserve v.保存，保护71. Appropriate adj. 合适的 inappropriate 不合适72. Poverty n. 贫穷73. Democratic adj.民主Ex: The current trend towards blurring these role signs in dress is probably democratic, but it also makes some people very insecure. (剑3， T2, R3)74. Realize v.意识到 realization n.意识75. Guarantee v.保证Ex: We can not guarantee the time or location of a students course although every attempt is made to place students in the centre and at the time of their choice. (剑3， GT-TA. R1)76. Provision n.提供，供应77. Obligation n.义务78. Conservation n.保护，保留79. Cite v.引用 quotation n.引言/ quote 80.core n核心81. essence n. 精华/ essential adj. 必不可少的，必备的，必须的82. policy n.政策83. corporation/ cooperation 84. role n.角色、85. illusion n.幻觉，错误的观念86. allocation n.分配 apportioned 同义Ex: The world-wide coal industry allocates extensive resources to researching and developing new technologies and ways of capturing greenhouse gases. (剑3， GT-TB,R3)87. fundamental adj. 基础的，基本的Ex: But is differs from the study of written history in a fundamental way. (剑4，T4, R2)88. obligation n.义务 liberty/library 89. crowd : a large crowd of people / crowded adj.拥挤 90. persuade v. 说服 /convince 91. distribute v.分配 92. democratic adj.民主的93. infrastructure n.基础设施94. congestion n.交通阻塞95. stable adj.稳定的96. counterpart n.另一方Ex: New Zealand, Australia and parts of the United States has already enfranchised women, and growing numbers of their British counterparts. (剑3， T4, R2)97. Advocate v.宣扬，提倡98. Reaction n. 反应 react v.99. Respect v. 尊重100. Unprecedented adj. 无先例的 precedent n.先例Ex: As its orbit came to be worked out the truth dawned that it was a new planet far beyond Saturns realm, and that the “reviewer of the heavens” had stumbled across an unprecedented prize. (剑2， GT-TA, R3)101. Combine v. 结合，组合102. Descendant n.传人103. Vital adj.至关重要的104. Elementary school n. 小学 primary school105. Supply somebody with sth. V. 提供106. Form n.表格 all forms of 各种形式的】107. Pre- 在。之前的108. Launch v. 发射， 发动运动109. Suppose v.认为应该110. Status n. 地位111. Evaluate v.评估， 比较112. Restrict v.限制113. Chronic adj. 长期的，慢性的 ex: They all suffered from chronic back pain. （剑3,T1,L4）114. Vanish v.消失115. Establish v,建立 /construct /set up/erect v.树立起 116. Access n.1.通道，入口 2. 接近（或进入）的机会Ex: .providing universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation. (剑5， T1, R3)117. Assess v.评估 n. assessment 118. Potential n. 潜力119. Attract v/.吸引 attraction/ attractive120. Commercial adj.商业的 commerce n.商业121. Species n. 物种122. Emotionally involved / emotional adj.感情的，情感的Involve v. 卷入，牵扯 he was involved in the accident. Involvement n.参与，参加123. Provision n.供应,供给 2, 规定，条款Ex: The provision of small loans to support the entrepreneurial dreams and ambitions of youth can be an effective means to help them change their lives. (剑4， T3, R1) 124. Loan n.贷款 mortgage n.抵押贷款125. Participate v.参与，参加、/ enter for/take part in /participant n.参与者126. Enterprise n。 事业127. Supply v.提供 I was supplied with plenty of scholarship. 128. 1.Used to 2. used to do something 129. Deliver v.分发，派发 delivery 130. Purchase v.购买 pursue v. 追求131. Equipment n. 设备 facility 132. Initiative/ initial v.初次发起，initial adj .首先Ex: The book was written to initiate outsiders into the mysteries of the trade. 133. Restrict v.限制134. Exceptional adj.优秀的绝好的135. Acoustic adj.听觉的136. Medical adj.医学的，医药的。 Medicine n.药品 medical care. 医疗保健137. Therapy n.治疗 therapist n. 治疗师Ex： Apart from self-help therapy such as regular exercise, there are psychological treatments, including relaxation training and therapy aimed at getting rid of pre-sleep worries and anxieties. (剑5， GT-TA, R3)138. Digestion n.消化 digestive adj.消化的Ex: The digested dung in these burrows is an excellent food supply for the earthworms, which decompose it further to provide essential soil nutrients. (剑3， T2, R1)139. Equal adj. 相等的，等同的140. Respectively/respectable/respectful Ex: he is a respectable professor. Ex: what he has done is very respectful. 5% 6%The impoverished families in US and Canada take up 5% and 6% respectively. 141. combine v.结合，组合 n. combination 组合物，结合物Ex: The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde were initially under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. (剑5， T2, R1)142. Compound n.化合物，复合物 compound word 复合词143. Hard+en -v 变硬 tough+en -V变硬 144. Power/powder n.力量 n.粉末、145. Grind -ground v.研磨 146. Apply 1. 申请+for 2.应用 application form 147. motivate 148. ensure/ guarantee v.使确定149Fair adj.公平 fairly simple 特别简单 unfair 150. match v.匹配151. Realistic adj. 现实的152. Relationship/ responsibility 153. consistent adj.一致Ex: These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupils views about the use and conservation of rainforests(剑4， T1, R1)154Loyal adj.忠诚，忠实155. Irrigation n.灌溉156. Relevant adj. 有关的，相关的157. Address v。演讲，说明158. Trend n.趋势159. Sophisticated adj.成熟的，老练的,高度发展的，精密复杂的Ex: Prodigious efforts, accelerated during two world wars, were required before the technology of primitive rocketry could be translated into the reality of sophisticated astronauts.(剑3，T1, R1)160. Civilization n.文明161. Manipulate v.操控Ex: He accused the government of manipulating public opinion. 162. Infrastructure n. 基础设施163. Diminish v.减少Ex: The intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical inputs will diminish. (剑3， T2, R2)164. Soar v.大幅提升165. Due to .由于166. Imitate v.模仿Ex: On top of that imitate problem, what had also happened over the last two years was that, although they had invested in an expansion plan, they had to face up to increased competition. (剑5，T4, L30167. Inferior adj.次于，低于 /superior adj, 高于168. Demand v/n需要。需求169. Domestic adj.国内的，家庭内部的Ex: What evidence we have suggested that domestic trade was greater at all periods than external trade. (剑2。 T2. R3)170. Consumption n.消耗量 consume171. Response n.回答，回复 respond verb / reply responsible 有责任的 somebody is responsible to sth/do sth 172 humor/humour n.幽默173 through/thought/thorough/ though ex: They cleaned the room thoroughly. Thorough adj.彻底的175. Operation n.操作，手术176. Cope with=deal with=tackle with 177. ancestor / ancestral/ancient n. 祖先，adj. 祖先的，n. 古老的178. distort v.扭曲，歪曲 distorted Ex: As Peter Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary college in Virginia, says:” I like to think of humor as the distorted mirror of the mind.” (剑5，T2, R2)179. mind/ mine/ main 180. figure v. 弄清楚，弄明白figure out n. 身材 n. 人物 n. 数据181. Complicated/complex adj.复杂的Ex: but human, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts. (剑5， T2,R2) Complex n.建筑群182. First-aid 急救183. Regular adj.规律的184. Route n. 路程，路线185. Ancestral adj.祖先的186. Migrate v. 迁徙，移民187. Predict v.预料 predictable adj. 可预料的 unpredictable adj.不可预料的Ex: Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people in an ordinary populations. (剑5， T1, R2)188. Specimen n.标本189. Deforestation n. 森林砍伐，森林破坏190. Discard v.省去，忽视191. Confine v.限制，关入192. Raw material 原材料193. Renewable adj.可再生的，可更新的194. Exist v.存在195. Myth n.神话故事196. Boundary n.界限197. Transcend v. 超越Ex: Such matter transcend mans knowledge. 198. Inevitable adj. 不可避免的199. Fragile adj.脆弱的Ex: Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. (剑5， T4, R1)200. Re+launch v.发起 201. Physiology n.生理学202. Plan /plant 203. String n.弦。细绳204. Pyramid n.金字塔 金字塔形的205. Conventional adj.通常的,惯例的Ex: Superclean coal has the potential to enhance the combustion efficiency of conventional pulverized fuel power plants. (剑3， GT-TA, R3)206. Monument adj. 纪念碑207. Previous adj.以前，之前208. Modest adj.中等209. Accomplished adj.有成就的，熟练的210. Resemble v.像。Ex: When we tested four totally bind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. (剑4， T1, R3)211. Crash v.撞车，下降212. Trade n.贸易，交易 ex: global trade213. Transaction n.办理 trans-变化，转化 transform v. 转换，变形 transport 交通。 Translate v.翻译214. Amount n.总数，a large amount of money Portion n.份额 216. purity n.纯净度 ex: the purity of the diamond.217. promote v. 1 提升.提拔 2.升级3.促销/promotion 218. dense adj 密集，密度 density ex: the density of population.219. face v.面对 The problem faced by people . 220. engage +in doing v. 占据/忙于某事/订婚 Ex: Fortunately, several members of the Royal Society possessed an interest in language and became engaged in various linguistic projects.(剑5， T2, R3) 221. impossible/ impressive 222. as a means of .作为。的方式223. Terrain n.地区terein all terrain bicycle 。broken terrain; rugged ground.起伏的地形224. Out of the question=impossible /out of question.= no problem.225. rely on sth. 依赖于/ reply v.回答，回复。226. Exploit v剥削，抓捕英iksplit vt. 开采 开发 剥削 n. 业绩 功绩 功勋 事迹 exploit potentialities; tap potentials exploit the enemys blunder这些动词均含“使用，应用”之意。use: 普通用词，着重为达到某一目的而利用某人或某物。apply: 指将一事物运用于另一事物之上以发挥其有效作用。employ: 指使用处于消极状态或未被用过的人或物，可以与use换用，但强调进行选择、充分利用。utilize: 侧重有利可图或能达到某一实际目的。书面用词。avail: 通常指使用手边或就近的人或物以有利于自己exploit : 强调充分利用。Ex: Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies. (剑3，T4, R3)227. Harsh surrounding harsh. Adj.艰苦的 这些形容词均有“嘶哑的，沙哑的”之意。hoarse: 指嘶哑刺耳的声音，通常因高声喊叫后嗓子失音所致。harsh : 一般多指刺耳难听的声音。rough: 指粗哑难听的声音。同义辨析这些形容词均有“粗糙的”之意。rough: 普通用词，指某物纹理不精细，或表面凹凸不平，不光滑。coarse: 指某物质地粗糙低劣或编织、加工等不精细、精巧。也指人的言谈举止粗鲁，不文雅。harsh : 指外表、性质、声音的粗糙、刺耳、刺目，强调使人不愉快的粗糙感。rude: 指加工粗糙、不精细。也指某人的言行举止粗鲁无礼，缺乏修养。crude: 主要指未经加工处理尚处 Surround v.围绕 surrounding =environment 228. colonist n.殖民者klnst229. vanish=disappear v消失230. emerge v. =appear 出现 merge -合并这些动词均含“混合”之意。mix: 含义广泛，侧重混合的一致性，混合的各成分可能按原样存在，但不一定能辨别出来。mingle: 暗示混合后的各成分仍保持各自的特性，能辨别出来。blend: 一般可与mix和mingle换用。混合与其各成分的性质通常是一致的，侧重混合整体的统一性与和谐性。combine: 通常用于化学反应中，指化合物等。merge : 指一种成分被别一种成分吸收或融合，着重成分的个性消失在整体之中。ex: No one emerges from a problem untouched by tough times.231. adapt to sth. V 适应232. pottery n. 陶器ptri Tang tricolor pottery唐三彩233. habitat/ inhabitant n.居住地 n.居民make or evolve（英ivlv vt. & vi. 演变 进化）into a ritual. 让服从于某种仪式。ex: Plant species become adapted to living in a certain kind of habitat, and in the process evolve a series of characteristics that prevent them from occupying other habitats.(剑5，T4, R3)234. territory n. 领地这些名词均含“范围，领域”之意。sphere: sphere of influence (或interest) 势力范围，利益范围。分界线的范围或领域，强调彼此不会干扰、跨越，各不相关。domain: 指知识艺术、兴趣或人类活动的领域。field: 主要指经选定在一段时间内作专题研究的方面或领域，含夸张意味。territory : 指科学知识、活动等的领域或范围。province: 即可指科学、艺术、学问的领域或范围，又可指个人或机关职权的管辖范围。235. a handful of 少许，一些236. descendant n.传人ex: The balloon descended gradually as the air came out. 237. oblige to do sth 迫使，感到有义务做某事/obligation n.义务238Abandon v.抛弃239. Isolated island/ isolation v.使隔离，使孤立Ex: Thousands of acres of grassland have been built upon and glow-worm sites have become increasingly isolated from each other. (剑5， GT-TB, R3)240. approximately adv.大约 这些副词均有“大约，差不多”之意。almost: 指在程度上相差很小，差不多。nearly: 与almost含义基本相同，侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。about: 常可分almost和nearly换用，但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时，实际数量可能多也可能少。approximately : 多用于书面语，指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。around: 多用于非正式场合，常见于美国英语。roughly: 指按精略估计，常代替about。241. geographical adj.地理的242. Generation n一代人243. Shrunk shrink v.缩水Ex: when the interior finally solidifies, and shrinks, it exerts （vt. 用 尽 运用 发挥 施加To exert supreme effort. 拼命干，不成功毋宁死）a pull on the outer layer that leaves it in permanent compression and produces a tensile force inside the glass, (剑5， T4, R2)245. Evolution n进化social evolution社会的演变evaluation评估246. Addition/In addition/Additionally, adv. 除此之外247. Besides 除。之外还有 /beside 在。旁边248. Step n.步骤249. Attitude n.态度/ altitude n.海拔/ latitude n. 纬度/longitude n.经度 250. Towards adv.朝向。the football flew towards him.251. staff n.职工，员工 stuff n. 材料这些名词均含“物质，东西”之意。material: 通常指组成客观存在物的部分或其原料。matter: 通常指构成实物的物质，与精神相对立。在科学上，指占有空间，并能以某种方式被感官觉察的一切东西。substance: 多指某一种形式的物质，既可指元素也可指化合物。stuff : 多用于日常生活中，非正式用词。常指构成整体的所有部分、物体或项目。有时指劣等材料，含轻蔑意味。 stuffs I am going to do. 252. Explicit=detailed 细节化的，详尽的An explicit sign of trouble. 一个显而易见的麻烦的征兆make explicit; specify in detail. 弄明白；详细地说明。Ex: He gave me explicit directions on how to get there. 253. Take action 采取行动254. Curriculumkrikjulm n.课程=course curriculum criterion 课程标准A classical curriculum. 文科课程255. literature n.文学 illiterate adj. 文盲这两个形容词均可表示“无知的”之意。ignorant: 指一般的无知或指不知道某个具体的事。illiterate : 指不识字的人或没有文化的人。 literacy n.文化程度Ex: you will also find that to get the most out of the library you really do need to be computer literate. Have ideal, have morality, literate, have discipline. 有理想，有道德，有文化，有纪律。Good command at English and computer literate. 必须熟练应用英文，电脑操作熟练。256. Awareness n.意识 be aware of sth. 意识到某事257. Sufficient adj. 足够的-deficient adj. 缺乏的/scarcity Ex: Deficiency in vitamins can lead to illness. necessary and sufficient condition 必要且充分的条件些名词均含“缺乏，不足”之意。lack: 普通用词，指部分或完全的不足。want: 指完全或短缺某物，侧重缺少之物是必需的东西。使用范围比lack窄些。absence: 指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场。shortage: 指不足，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或已知应有的数量。scarcity : 指产量不足或缺乏某物难以应付或满足需要。258. permanent adj.永久性的英p:mnnt permanent address 常住地址permanent occupation 固定职业这些形容词均有“持久的，永久的”之意。permanent : 指总是处于相同的情况和地位，可长期持续下去，永久不变。eternal: 语体较庄重，侧重指永远存在，无始无终perpetual: 语气最强，指保持永久不变，没有中断的行为，永无止境地持续下去。有时用于贬义，指令人厌烦之事。everlasting: 语气较庄重，有时可与eternal换用，侧重持续不尽，或指开始后一直进行下去。endless: 系日常用词，指无尽无休。259. Situation n.情况/solution n.解决方案260. Potential adj.潜力，潜在的261. Playground n. 操场262. Supervisor/ supervise v.监督，监管 /supervision263. distinguish v.区别，区分-extinguish Ex: Anthropologists also use the term“ culture“ in a more restric