高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists Using language课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

usinglanguage usinglanguage reading writing aboutcopernicus doyouknowwhatisthecenterofthesolarsystem canyounamethenineplanetsinthesolarsystem mercury mars venus earth jupiter saturn uranus neptune pluto mnemonics 记忆术 mercuryvenusearthmarsjupitersaturnuranusneptunepluto myveryeasymethod justsetupnineplanets canyouuseagoodmethodtomemorizethem nicolauscopernicus hewasoneofthefirstscientiststousemathematicalobservationstocollectinformation hebelievedthesunisthecenteroftheuniverseandtheearthandotherplanetswentaroundit skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures sun earth beforecopernicus theoryshowingcopernicus theory readinganddrawing sun earth beforecopernicus theoryshowingcopernicus theory sun earth earth sun showingcopernicus theory adiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththeearthatitscentre adiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththesunatitscentre summary beforecopernicus theory carefulreading readthetextcarefully thenanswerthesequestions becausethepowerfulchristianchurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea 2 whatwashistheoryabout para1 allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense whycouldhenottellabouthistheory para1 3 whathadtheastronomersnoticedinthesky para2 theyhadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop movebackwardandthengoforwardinaloop othersappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers 4 whendidcopernicuscompletehistheory para3 between1510and1514heworkedonit graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete 5 howdidheexplainchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars whendidhepublishhisidea para4 heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth healsosuggestedthattheearthwasspinningasitwentrounditandthisexplainchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars hepublisheditashelaydyingin1543 6 whydopeoplethinkthatthereisadirectlinkbetweenhisideasandtheworkofisaacnewton alberteinsteinandstephenhawking becausehistheoryisnowthebaseonwhichallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt histheoryreplacedthechristianideaofgravitywhichsaidthingsfelltoearthbecausegodcreatedtheearthasthecentreoftheuniverse heshowedthiswasobviouslywrong 1 表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测 或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成 通常用来说明某一情况 但不象should或oughtto那样含有责备之意 如 yethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulchristianchurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabout20whenshewroteherfirstpoem anotherworkerwouldn thaveactedlikethat needn thave 过去分词 表示做了不必做的事 相当于 译为 其实没必要 shouldhave 过去分词 表示应该做某事但实际上未做 译为 本应该 shouldnothave 过去分词 表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了 译为 本不应该 2 相关知识总结 ifyouwerenicolauscopernicus wouldyouhavehiddenyourtheoryforsomanyyears givereasons debate yes no asascientist oneshouldbebrave butcopernicuswasafraidofbeingattackedbythechristianchurch sohehadhiddenhistheoryforsomanyyears whatdoyouthinkofthis agree 1 hewascautious ifhehadpublishedhisideas hewouldhavebeenkilledjustasbrunowhowasburnedtodeathbecausehistheorywasagainstthechristianchurch 2 everytimewhenanewideaappears therearealwaysrejections it snormal scientistsshouldhavepatiencetospreadtheirtruth 3 itmadenosenseforhimtopublishhistheoryinahurry hewasjustcautiousnotcoward heshouldprotecthimselffirst disagree 1 copernicuswasverycoward heshouldspeakouthisdiscoveryandlettheworldknowthetruthearlier 2 sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs 3 asascientist youmusthavethecouragetopublishyourfindings nomatterhowpeopleopposethem timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong writeashortletteraskingcopernicus not topublishhisideassoeveryonecanreadthem writing persuasivewriting pleaserefertop8learningtip nowwritingashortletteraskingcopernicustopublishhisideassoeveryonecanreadthem firstyouneedtocollectyourideas forexample hebelieveshisnewtheoryistrue thereareproblemswiththepresenttheory hehasdonemanyyearsofobservationstoprovehisnewtheoryistrue sciencecan tdevelopunlesspeoplepublishtheirideas timewillshowifhistheoryistrueornot hereisaplan beginning tellcopernicuswhoyouareandwhyyouwanthimtopublishhisideas paragraph1 reason1andevidence paragraph2 reason2andevidence summingup askhimtothinkagainaboutpublishinghisideas onepossibleversion dearnicolauscopernicus iamastudentstudyingastronomyandiwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons iunderstandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange soiagreewithyouthatweneedanewtheory iknowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermanyyears nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem scienc