高考英语二轮专题训练 阅读理解（25）.doc

2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解（25）amedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. one solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the bodyand the body from themuntil they can be released at just the right spot. there are lots of ways to trigger (引发) this release，including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. but triggers can come with their own risksburns, for example. now, researchers in california have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining nearinfrared light (nir, 近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.the idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isnt new. researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb either ultraviolet (uv, 紫外线) or visible light. but tissues also readily absorb uv and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. nir light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. but few compounds (化合物) absorb nir well and go through chemical changes. that changed last year when adah almutairi, a chemist at the university of california, san diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs nir light. their polymer used a commercially available nirabsorbing group called onitrobenzyl (onb). when they catch the light, onb groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. but onb is only a soso nir absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.so almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules thats even better. this one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. cresol contains reactive (易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. after polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a lightabsorbing compound called bhc. when the bhcs absorb nir light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. whats more, almutairi says, bhc is 10 times better at absorbing nir than is onb and is not poisonous to cells.63. according to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?a. temperature change. b. nir light. c. acidity change. d. uv light.64. why is onb unsatisfactory?a. it breaks down when it absorbs nir light.b. it falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.c. it has not come onto the market up till now.d. it is not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?a. protected b. formed c. exposed d. combinedb it was a sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. the morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently. my father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. i was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but i decided to go all the same. im so glad i did. on the road to the harbour we could see the terrible destruction on the coast, but the harbour itself was in fairly good shape. after all， it was protected by the arms of a bay that had only one tiny channel to the sea. as we got on board, we noticed two big humps(脊背) in the distance. on approaching them, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. we couldnt believe it there arent any whales along the coast here. the storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in which the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive. the little baby whaleactually as big as our boatwas obviously stuck and could not move. the mother dived under the water and came up suddenly, making big whirlpools(漩涡) and waves. ”shes trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side, ”my father said. at this point, my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. with our several gentle pushes the big hump turned over and disappeared under water. then it swam up right beside its mum. they struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction. we hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them towards the bay channel. slowly, they let us lead them, some-times rising from the water right beside us to breatheand to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes. once they hit their first part of clean water flowing straight from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the distance. in the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a half. that was the simple and lasting beauty of the day, nearly four decades later, i still look back fondly to that golden day at sea. 51. the author says “im so glad i did. ”(in para. 2)because _. a. he witnessed the whole process of fishingb. he enjoyed the beauty of the calm seac. he experienced the rescue of the whales d. he spent the weekend with his family52. the harbour survived the storm owing to_. a. the shape of the harbour b. the arms of the bayc. the still water in the channel d. the long coast line53. the mother whale failed to help her baby because_. a. she had stayed in the polluted water for too long b. the whirlpools she had made were not big enough c. she had no other whales around to turn to for helpd. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction 54. what is the theme of the story?a. saving lives brings people a sense of happinessb. fishing provides excitement for childrenc. its necessary to live in harmony with animals d. its vital to protect the environment c【江苏泗阳中学2014届第一次模拟考试】dont you just love ice skating every winter? i am sure, that since winter is approaching, your skates are set to come out, just waiting to be used. impress your friends with your new trick on how to ice -skate backwards with the help of these tips. skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic, there s nothing like it. follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time. stand straightthe first thing that you need to do is, stand straight. if you feel that you are falling backwards, then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees. dont worry; this happens to all. confidence is what you needthe most important step while learning how to skate backwards, is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. how can you achieve this? by practice. just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slop every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort. but before you do that, make sure that the place where you are practicing is free from any kind of debris （碎片） because otherwise, you could end up in the hospital due to some accident. while going backwards, just get used to the feeling of moving backwards. one of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance, then scissor （做剪式运动） your skates. keep practicing this till you are confident about it. maintain speedconfident now? great! now the next step is to maintain your speed. while rolling in a straight line with one skate, with the other try sculling （滑浆）, that is, keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke （滑动）. now bring the skate which you were using to scull, and then again, repeat the same process. make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling. now, try the same thing using the other foot. again keep doing this till you are confident enough. increase your speed nowonce you are confident that you can scull with either foot, the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed. try some of your own tricks now. scull with either foot or with both at the same time. scull and be awarewhile you keep one foot straight, keep sculling with the other. you can do that simultaneously （同时，一起） with both feet. concentrate on what you are doing but dont get so involved that you dont see where you are going. if you are not watching your back, you might just bang against something or someone. 1. according to the text confidence comes from _ .a. constant exercise b. strict coaches c. high speed d. good techniques2. which is the right order of ice - skating backwards?a. increasing your speed. b .being able to scull with one foot. c. being about to stand straight. d. trying some different tricks. a. cadb b. cbda c. cbad d. acbd3. in the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express _ .a. one must be brave to learn to ice - skate backwards b. skating and keeping cautious are both important c. its difficult to concentrate when ice - skating backwardsd. it s a common thing to hit someone when ice - skating backwards4. the purpose of the text is _ . a. to offer some advice on ice - skating backwards b. to introduce the culture of ice-skating backwardsc. to explain advantages of ice - skating backwardsd. to compare different ways of ice - skating backwards dmini book excerpts(节选)biographywhen salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middleaged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it the townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.jd.salinger：a life by kenneth slawenski(random house, $27)mystery(疑案小说)“youre a smart boy. bennys death was no accident, and youre the only one who saw it happen. do you think the murderer should get away with it？”the boy was staring stubbornly at his lap again.a thought suddenly occurred to annika.“did youyou recognized the man in the car, didnt you？”the boy hesitated, twisting his fingers.“maybe，”he said quietly.red wolf by liza marklund(atria books, $25.99)short storiesshe wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class: some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good. some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take. some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they dont want to be. some mothers suffer so their daughters wont.some mothers love so their daughters wont.you are free by danzy senna(riverhead books, $15)humordo your kids like to have fun? come to fun times! do you like to watch your kids having fun? bring them to fun times! fun times！s “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, legally, in the united states right now. why spend thousands of dollars flying to disney world when you can spend less than half of that within a days drive of most cities?happy：and other bad thoughts by larry doyle (ecco, $14.99)56if the readers want to know about the life of salinger, they should buy the book published by _.aecco batria bookscriverhead books drandom house57the book happy: and other bad thoughts is intended for _.ayoung children bdisney world workerscmiddle school teachers dparents with young children58which book describes women with characters of their own?ahappy：and other bad thoughtsbj.d.salinger：a lifecyou are freedred wolf59after finishing the book red wolf, the readers would learn that _.athe boy helped arrest the murdererbbenny died of an accidentcthe murderer got away with the crimedannika carried out the crime阅读理解a 【要点综述】这是一篇科技文。怎样使用胶囊？如何让吃药更加安全、疗效更好？文章对此做了介绍。63. b信息理解题。根据第一段最后一句“now, researchers in california have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining nearinfrared light (nir，近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.”可知答案。64. d推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“onb groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown.”和“and it could be poisonous to cells”可知答案。65. c信息理解题。根据最后一段第五句“when the bhcs absorb nir light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the lon