高考英语总复习 语法先行 动词和动词短语预习学案1（含解析）(1).doc

动词和动词短语1 【学习目标】 动词和动词短语在高考中的考点【复习任务】 1.学习重点： 动词和动词短语1的各个考点 2.学习难点：break down与break up,call at 与call on,give out与wear out,get away with 与get away from ,go through与get e up 与come up with的区别。【问题导学】考点1. break相关短语 break down （机器、车辆）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解 break away 打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱 break out （战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发 break in/into 破门而入 break up 打碎、分裂；分手 lets break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。 you must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。 the dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人，跑了。 after a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。 why did the peace talks break down？ 为什么和谈失败了？ this matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。 1. 【2012 陕西】he had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _. a. broke in b. broke up c. broke out d. broke down 2. 【2013福建】old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters. a. turn down b. turn out c. break down d. break out 3. 【2009江苏】 i m surprised to hear that sue and paul have _. so am i. they seemed very happy together when i last saw them. a. broken up b. finished up c. divided up d. closed up 4. 【2006辽宁】the computer system _ suddenly while he was searching for information on the internet. a. broke down b. broke out c. broke up d. broke in 5. 【2006广东】i was still sleeping when the fire _, and then it spread quickly. a. broke out b. put out c. came out d. got out 考点2. call相关短语 call at a place 拜访某地 call on/upon sb. 拜访或看望某人 call for sth. (sb.) 需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）； 喊着要人取来 call off 叫走，转移开；取消，不举行 call on/upon sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事 call up (给)打电话；想起，回忆起 call in 收回，召回 call out 大声喊 call your dog off. 把你的狗叫走。 the match was called off because of bad weather. 由于天气不好，比赛取消了。 this problem calls for careful thought. 这个问题需要好好想一想。 ill call for you at seven this evening. 今晚七点我来接你。 we call for the package at the post office. 我们到邮局去取包裹。 the toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world. 该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。 they boy called out for help. 那个男孩大声呼救。 6. 【2009福建】the somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the united nations to_ all nations to take immediate action. a. fight for b. apply for c. call on d. wait on 7. 【2007山东】its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. a. calls for b. makes up c. lies in d. stands for 8. 【2006湖北】as i grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _scenes of my childhood. a. called up b. called for c. called on d. called in 考点3. come相关短语 come about 发生（不及物）；（bring about，使发生，及物） come across 偶然遇到（ meet with和run into也有这个意思） come along 进展；一起来 come up with 想出（主意或计划等） come out （书、唱片、电影等）出版发行； （花）开放 come to oneself 苏醒过来（oneself可以省略） come to realize 开始意识到 come up （在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论 things are coming along fine. 事情进展顺利。 when does their new album come out? the subject came up at the meeting yesterday. 9. 【2011安徽】if you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. a. come across b. care about c. look for d. focus upon 10. 【2011天津】she _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. a. turned down b. dealt with c. took after d. came across 11. 【2013新课标】would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? a. come along b. come off c. come across d. come through 12. 【2007江苏】have you _ some new ideas? yeah. ill tell you later. a. come about b. come into c. come up with d. come out with 13. 【2006湖北】its already 10 oclock i wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. a. came over b. came out c. came about d. came up 14. 【2005重庆】his idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has _ many good changes in their lives. a. got through b. resulted from c. turned into d. brought about考点4. cut相关短语 cut down/back 减少 cut in 插话；（车从前面突然）插入 cut off 切断、终止（供应、电话等）； 使与外界隔断 cut up 切成碎片 the government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. im trying to cut down on caffeine. 我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。 i was just talking to jane, when dave cut in (on us / our conversation). did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)? if this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. 许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。 he cut the wood up to build a fire. 他把木头破碎来生火。 15. 【2013陕西】my uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _. a. cut out b. cut down c. cut up d. cut off 16. 【2005湖南】i was just talking to margot when jackson _. a. cut in b. cut down c. cut out d. cut up 考点5. get相关短语 get along/on （人）相处融洽；（工作）进展 get down to 开始认真做某事（to是介词） get through 结束、完成；成功地联络；通过（考试）；渡过难关（也常用go through, be through） get away 逃脱；离开 get away with 做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚 get changed 换衣 get across 使理解，使相信 get over 战胜、克服（困难） get together 聚会 get to sb. 使某人受到影响（cause sb. to suffer or be upset） how are you getting along/on with your job? 你的工作进展得怎么样？ she got through her exams without too much trouble. 她没有遇到太大麻烦就通过了考试。 i dont know how i got through the first couple of months after andys death. (度过） the thief got away in the dark. 那个贼趁着黑暗逃脱了。 if someone commits a murder, he wont get away with it. 如果一个人犯了谋杀罪，他是不会逃脱惩罚的。 i wanted to come along, but couldnt get away. 我想要一起走，但是走不开。 we tried to get our point across, but he just wouldnt listen. （使理解） the heat was beginning to get to me, so i went indoors. 炎热开始使我感到难受，因此我走进屋里。 i know hes annoying, but you shouldnt let him get to you. （影响）17. 【2010福建】weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. lets_ it. a. keep up with b. do away with c. get down to d. look forward to 18. 【2013天津】i had hoped to take a holiday this year but i wasnt able to _. a. get away b. drop in c. check out d. hold on 19. 【2013江苏】team leaders must ensure that all members _ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. a. get over b. look over c. take over d. come over 20. 【2007湖北】if we can _ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. a. come across b. get over c. come over d. get off 21. 【2010浙江】after that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability. a. get away with b. get on with c. get through d. get across 22. 【2007天津】hardly could he _ this amount of work in such a short time. a. get through b. get off c. get into d. get down 23. 【2009全国i】(答疑qq 329950885)i tried phoning her office, but i couldnt_. a. get along b. get on c. get to d. get through 24. 【2008陕西】its going to rain. xiao feng, will you please help me _ the clothes on the line? a. get off b. get back c. get in d. get on 25. 【2008四川】i used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we_ fine. a. look out b. stay up c. carry on d. get along 26. 【2006重庆】how are you managing to do your work without an assistant? well，i _somehow. a. get along b. come on c. watch out d. set off 27. 【2004全国i】 sarah, hurry up. im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party. a. get changed b. get change c. get changing d. get to change 考点6. give相关短语 give away 捐赠；泄露（秘密） give in 屈服，投降 give out （机器或身体某部分stop working）停 止工作（指人可译作“筋疲力尽”）；用完、用尽；分发（作业、文件、物品）；散布、公布（消息、文件等） give off/out 发出（气味、热、光等） give up 放弃（后跟动名词） the party was meant to be a surprise, but sharon gave it away. she thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face gave her away! all machines gave out eventually. 所有的机器最终都停止了运转。 our food supplies gave out. 我们的食物供应已经用完。 both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. 赶了很长一段路后，人马俱乏。 the government gave out food to people out of work. 政府向失业者分发食品。 they stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by. 他们站在那里, 向过路人散发传单。 this milk must be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell. 牛奶一定变质了，因为它散发出一种令人恶心的气味。 the sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太阳向 地球发出光和热。 he gave up teaching only two years ago. 两年前他才离开教学工作的。 28. 【2008江西】if a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _during the day. a. away b. up c. in d. back 29. 【2007福建】the news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was _ on the radio yesterday. a. turned out b. found out c. given out d. carried out 30. 【2005山东】what shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _? a. given out b. put out c. held up d. used up 考点7. go相关短语 go about 着手做某事（begin to do/deal with sth.），后跟动名词；到处走动 go over 复习；仔细察看 go off 爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响 go red/ mad/ blind/ hungry go是系动词，“变得” go ahead (with) 开始(继续)做某事 go through (法律、计划等)通过，批准；经受（困难）；全面检查 how can we go about solving this problem? 我们怎样着手解决这个问题？ didnt you hear your alarm clock going off this morning? 你没听到你的闹钟今天早上响了吗？ weve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents. 尽管当地居民反对，我们得到允许继续举办音 乐节。 i always go over my revision notes just before i go into an exam. you must go over the instructions of how it works before you use the micro-wave oven. im goi