高一英语 Unit4 Earthquake Prereading and Reading课件 人教版大纲.ppt

unit4 earthquakes earthquakewellpipeburstmillioneventnation n 地震n 井n 管 导管vi 爆裂 爆发n 突然破裂 爆发n 百万n 事件 大事n 民族 国家 国民 wordspreview canalsteamdirtruinsufferingextremeinjure n 运河 水道n 蒸汽 水汽n 污垢 泥土n 废墟 毁灭vt 毁灭 使破产n 苦难 痛苦adj 极度的vt 损害 伤害 wordspreview destroybrickdamtrackuselessshockrescue vt 破坏 毁坏 消灭n 砖 砖块n 水坝 堰堤n 轨道 足迹 痕迹adj 无用的 无效的vt vi 使 震惊 震动n 休克 打击 震惊n vt 援救 营救 wordspreview trapelectricitydisasterburymineminershelter vt 使陷入困境n 陷阱 困境n 电 电流 电学n 灾难 灾祸vt 埋葬 掩埋 隐藏n 矿 矿山 矿井n 矿工n 掩蔽 掩蔽处 避身处 wordspreview rightawayasifatanendinruinsdigout 立刻 马上仿佛 好象结束 终结严重受损 破败不堪掘出 1imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway youhavetinetotakeonlyonething whatwilyoutake why pre reading whatstrangethingsdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake wellwall mice pond well brick canal dam animalsaretoonervous suchascows pigs horses andsnakes etc whatstrangeeventshappenedbeforetheearthquakeintangshan wellwater cracks smellygas chickens pigs mice fish brightlight thesoundofplanes waterpipes nervoustoeat runout jump crackedandburst roseandfell cameoutof 地震 特别是强烈地震之前 总会出现一些异常现象 人们把与地震发生有密切联系的异常现象称之为地震的前兆 下面这首民谣是群众在长期预测地震中的总结 细读一下 对观察地震是有极大好处的 震前动物有预兆 群测群防很重要 牛羊骡马不进圈 猪不吃食狗乱咬 鸭不下水岸上闹 鸡乱上树高声叫 冰天雪地蛇出洞 大猫携着小猫跑 兔子竖耳蹦又撞 鱼跃水面惶惶跳 蜜峰群迁闹轰轰 鸽子惊飞不回巢 家家户户都观察 综合异常作预报 thereisoftenagreatsound animalstoonervoustoeat therearebrightlightsinthesky asmellygasmaycomeoutofthewell waterpipesmaycrackorburst strangethingsbeforeanearthquake imaginetherehasbeenabigearthquake whatwillhappentothethingsaroundus cracks cutacrosshouses roadsandcanals falldown lieinruins destroy damage loss 震前应做哪些准备 地震来临 在民房中 在公共场所怎么避震 专家提出 学习必要的防震知识 提高防震意识 做好防震准备 对更好地保护身处险境的自己大有好处 地震来临 我们如何保护自己呢 地震前应做好防震准备 如清理杂物 保持门口 楼道畅通 固定高大家具 将重物下置 防止倾倒伤人 准备电筒 创可贴 水等物品 做成家庭防震包 腾空牢固家具的下方 以备藏身 地震来临时 最重要的是要保持冷静 并灵活选择藏身之所 震时应就近躲避 震后迅速撤离到安全地方 室内避震时应选择易于形成三角空间的地方避震 如内墙墙根 墙角等 或躲避到厨房 厕所 储藏室等开间小的地方 震时切记不要跳楼 不要站到阳台上和窗边 学生在教室上课时遇到地震 老师应疏导学生迅速抱头躲在课桌旁 待地震过后迅速撤离 在操场的学生可原地蹲下 注意避开附近高大建筑物或危险物 不要回到教室中 在商场 影剧院等公共场所遇到地震时 应尽快找到结实的柜台 低矮家具或柱子边 内墙角等处就地蹲下 同时注意预防高空落物伤人 在户外遇到地震时 应就地选择开阔地蹲下 并注意避开变压器 电线杆 广告牌 高烟囱 水塔 过街桥 立交桥等构筑物 talkaboutthegreatearthquakesthathaveeverhappenedintheworld whatdamagestheycaused naturaldisastersoccurthroughouttheworld andchinahasaparticularproblemwithearthquakes tangshanearthquakein1976isacaseinpoint anearthquakemeasuring8richterhitswenchuancountyofchina ssichuanprovinceonmay12thisyear soitisespeciallyimportanttotakestepstoreducethedamagecausedbyquakes seismology thestudyofquakerecordingsseismologist thepersonwhostudiesquakes seismometer themachinetorecordseismicwaves zhanghenginhandynasty theinventorofthe1stseismology reading whyisthetitlecalledanighttheearthdidn tsleep 2 whenandwheredidtheearthquakehappen readthetextsilentlyandquicklyandtrytogettheinformationaboutthefollowingquestions athearmycametohelpthembthequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleepingctheywerenervousddamesandwellswereuselessetheydidn tknowthequakecausedthestrangethings 1thechickensdidn teatbecause2beforetheearthquakethepeopledidn tworrybecause3suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecause4waterwasneededbecause5thepeopledidnotlosehopebecause readthetextaloudandjointhecorrectpartsofthesentences readthepassageagainandmakeatimeline strangethingshappenedbeforetheearthquake mainideaofthetext theearthquakedestroyedthecityoftangshan thearmycametohelpthesurvivors paragraph paragraph2 3 paragraph4 1 ifatschool hideunderadeskortable faceawayfromwindows ifathome hideunderaheavytableorbed sitinacorner awayfromdoors windows ect lifeisbeautiful wemustloveourlives inanearthquakespeedislife let spractisehiding fillingtheblackswiththefirstgivenletter severaldaysbeforejuly28 1976 manys thingshappenedintangshan theyweresignsforthee butpeopleinthecityoftangshandidn tthinkm ofthese at3 42amthatday theearthbegantos whichd thecity trange arthquake uch hake estroyed manypeople includingworkersanddoctors cametor thoset undertheruins laterthatafternoon anotherbigearthquakestrucktangshan morepeoplewerekilledorinjuredandmorebuildingsf down soldierswerecalledintohelptherescueworkers t wereorganizedtodigoutthetrappedandb thedead escue rapped ell eams ury adv 好 令人满意地shesingswell 她歌唱得很好 n 井 水井theoldwellinthevillagehadawallaroundit 村里的古井有井栏围绕 1well languagepoints theballoonsuddenlyburst burstinto n somerobbersburstintothathouse burstout doingtheyburstoutlaughing 2burst tocomeopenorflyapartsuddenly爆裂 爆发 burst crack burst v 使 破裂 使 爆炸crackv 使 裂开n 裂缝1 thewindowswascrackedbutnotbroken 窗玻璃裂了但没有碎 2 theballoonburst 气球吹炸了 burst burst thewarwasatanend attheendof在 尽头 在 末gostraightandyou llfindthehospitalattheendoftheroad bytheendof直到 末 到 结束的时候 主句一般用完成时intheend最后 终于 3atanend finished 结束 终结 1 hisfatherwillreturnhome thisyear 2 hetriedvariousjobsand becameateacher 3 howmanyenglishwordshadyoulearned lastterm 4 imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmost attheendof intheend bytheendof atanend anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins hiscareerisinruins inruins severelydamagedordestroyed毁坏 严重受损 破败不堪 4ruinn 毁灭 崩溃 覆灭 thecastlehasfallenintoruins 5injurev tohurtoneself sb sthphysically hefelloffthebicycleandinjuredhisarm shewasseriousinjuredinaroadaccident 6destroyv thefiredestroyedmostofthebuilding honour honor am n 荣誉honourableadj 荣誉的 光荣的anhonourableduty荣誉的职位 destroyer破坏者 消灭者 驱逐舰队 damagedestroyruin damagevt toharmorspoilsth 指部分 损坏 损害 破坏 或指使用价值有所降低 compare manybuildingswerebadlydamagedduringthewar n u harmorinjury tosth 1strongwindshadcausedseriousdamagetotheroof 2thedoctorswereworriedthathemighthavesufferedbraindamage 1mostoftheoldpartofthecitywasdestroyedbybombsduringthewar 2theaccidentseemedtohavecompletely totallydestroyedhisconfidence destroyvt todamagesth sobadlythatitdoesnotexistorcannotbeused彻底破坏 摧毁以致不可能修复 也可指希望 计划等破灭 ruin表示破坏严重 以致不能修复 但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物 而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题 用作名词时 它表示 毁灭 瓦解 废墟 等抽象概念 ruin也有借喻的用法 ruinvt 1tospoilordestroyseverelyorcompletely使毁灭 使崩溃 弄糟ahugemodernhotelshaveruinedthisonceunspoiltcoastline bherinjuryruinedherchancesofwinningtherace 2tocauseapersonorcompanytolosealltheirmoneyortheirreputation使破产 毁灭 acheapimportedgoodsareruiningmanybusinesses bifthere sascandali llberuined 1 u whensth isspoiltordestroyed毁坏 毁灭thecompanyisfacingruin 2 c thebrokenpartsthatareleftfromanoldbuildingortown废墟wevisitedaromanruin theruinsoftheancientcityofcarthage ruinn harm的含义侧重于 损害 伤害 可指精神或肉体的伤害 程度较轻don tharmyoureyesbyreadingindimlight injure指 损害 受伤 着重容貌 机能的损坏 例如 shewasinjuredbadlyintheaccident 事故中她受了伤 词义辨析 harm injure hurt wound hurt指 伤害 刺痛 尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害 含有强烈的疼痛nofeelingswerehurtthoughthecriticismwassharp 批评虽然尖锐 却未伤感情 wound指外伤 如枪伤 刀伤 剑伤 尤指在战斗中受伤 theircriticisms himdeeply smokingwill hishealth hewasslightly inthecaraccident hegot inthefighting whatyousaid myfeeling havehurt injured injured wounded hurt 7rescue n anactofrescuingorbeingrescued搭救 解救arescueteamistryingtoreachthetrappedmines theycametoourrescuewhenwewereindanger v tosaveorsetfreefromharm danger orloss救出 解救herescuedthemanfromdrowning 8shelter n 庇护所 避难所 遮蔽物ashelterforthehomelessinthestormitookshelterunderatree v 庇护 掩蔽