高中英语 Unit 3 Grammar课件 重庆大学版必修3.ppt

grammarsubject verbagreement readthefollowingsentences payingspecialattentiontothecolouredparts 1 joe snewtrousersareblackandwhite 2 thefamilygoshoppingatweekendstogether 3 toeatwellisallheasks 4 physicsisanimportantsubjectinthemiddleschool studyingtherule 5 playingtennisisverygoodexercise 6 therearemanypeopleonthestreetatweekends 7 whatcausedthisaccidentisamystery 8 themerchandisehasarrivedundamaged 9 theglassesarenotenoughforhimtoseethatobjectinthedistance 10 thefamilygoestothechurcheverysunday findingtherule singular singular plural singular 主谓一致的定义 主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致 这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则 也是英语和汉语区别很大的地方 1 一些以 ics结尾的学科名词如politics mathematics physics mechanics economics等 形式上是复数 实际上却为不可数名词 它们作主语时 其谓语动词常用单数形式 e g idon tthinkpoliticsiseasytostudy 我认为政治难学 主谓一致 2 若主语是书名 影片名 格言 剧名 报名 国名等 作为一个单一的概念 其谓语动词通常用单数形式 e g theunitedstatesissmallerthanchina 美国比中国小 warandpeaceisthelongestbooki veread 战争与和平 是我读过的最长的书 3 表示单一概念的动名词 不定式或句子作主语时 谓语动词用单数 e g whenandwheretogofortheholidayhasnotbeendecidedyet 注意 主语为what引导的主语从句时 谓语动词应与从句所指代的内容的单复念一致 e g whathesays 他所说的 isnotimportant whatiwant 我所需要的 aredetails 4 trousers glasses clothes shoes scissors 剪刀 等词作主语时 谓语用复数 但如果这些名词前有a the pairof等量词修饰时 clothes被asuitof修饰 谓语动词用单数 e g thepairofshoesunderthebedishis 床下面的那双鞋子是他的 thetwopairsoftrousersarebroken 两条裤子都破了 5 有些集合名词如crowd family team group government committee class school union firm staff public等 它们作主语时 谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定 如果它们是作为一个集体单位 谓语动词用单数形式 如果是就其中的各个成员来说 则谓语动词用复数形式 e g myfamilywasheretwoyearsago 两年前 我家就搬到这儿了 myfamilyaren tenjoyingmusic 我们家人都不喜欢音乐 theteamisthebestintheleague 这个队在联赛中打得最好 thefootballteamarehavingbaths 足球队队员们在洗澡 注意 有时没有特定的语境 用单复数谓语均可 e g theaudiencewas were veryexcitedbytheshow 观众对演出甚感激动 thepublichas have arighttoknowwhat sinthereport 公众有权知道这篇报告的内容 6 有些表示总称意义的名词 如people police militia 民兵 cattle poultry 家禽 vermin 害虫 等 形式上是单数 而意义上是复数 谓语动词要用复数形式 e g cattlewereallowedtograzeonthevillagecommon thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard 7 有些集合名词 如mankind humanity merchandise clothing poetry baggage luggage furniture machinery scenery jewellery equipment 设备 等 通常只用作不可数名词 表示单数意义 用作主语时 其后谓语动词用单数形式 e g ourclothingprotectsusfromagainstthecold 我们的衣服可以御寒 allthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinchina 这个工厂所有的机器都是中国产的 alltheirbaggagewasstolen 他们所有的行李都被偷了 thefurnitureisconvenienttomove 这家具搬起来很方便 8 therebe句型中 be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语 如果其后是由and连接的两个主语 则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致 e g therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom 房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子 thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子 applyingtherule choosetherightwordtocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences 1 where is are theshoes 2 atthebottomofthehillthere is are adangerouscrossroads 3 thenewyorktimes is are publisheddaily are is is 4 theunitednations was were formedinsanfranciscoin1945 5 politics are is theartorscienceofgovernment 6 playingcards are is afavouriteofyoungpeople was is is 7 thefamily is are ahappyone 8 theclass is are takingnotes its their pensscribblingquicklyover its their exercisebooks is are their their readthefollowingsentencesandcorrectthemistakesifany 1 thepublicwereconvincedofhisinnocence 2 thegovernmenthasdiscussedthematterforalongtimebuttherehavebeennosignsofreachinganagreement havediscussedthe 3 thefootballteamarebeingreorganized 4 physicsarethefundamentalsubjectofscience 5 theunitedstatesareacountryofpeoplewithvariedorigins 6 onepairofshoesarenotenough is is is 1 thecommittee overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours a hasarguedb hasbeenarguingc havearguedd havebeenarguing 2 thepublic generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims a isb wasc ared hasbee 3 zhanglin sfamily ratherbigandhisfamily fondofmusic a is areb is isc are isd are are 4 allthatineed alargesumofmoneywithwhichtobuymywifeadiamondring a aretobeb isc ared were 1 2010 湖南 listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts causedhearinglossinsometeenagers a isb arec hasd have 高考链接 2 suchpoetsasshakespeare widelyread ofwhoseworks howev