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毕业设计论文
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电气电子毕业设计143水温控制系统总设计,毕业设计论文
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毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 课 题 名 称 水温控制系统 毕业实践任务书 1 份 答辩表 份 毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 （ 论 文 ） 1 份 共 页 外 文 翻 译 1 份 共 10 页 另 附 图（表） 个 共 页 其 它 材 料 份 共 页 课 题 名 称 水温控制系统 nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 目 录 1.毕业实践任 务书 -1 2.外文翻译 -2 3.毕业实践调研报告 -12 4.毕业设计说明书 -15 5.毕业实践总结 -37 6.参考文献 -39 7.附录 - -40 nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 外 文翻译： PIC series monolithic integrated circuit characteristic Along with the large scale integrated circuit (LSI) the manufacture technology rapid development, the computer is facing two obvious directions (namely two big branches) to develop: One is the microcomputer system performance enhances unceasingly, by satisfies the high velocity large capacity data processing ; Two is the monolithic microcomputer function consummates day by day, by satisfies many domains each kind of intriguing scene control . The Texas instrument company invented after 1975 in the world the first 4 monolithic integrated circuit TMS - 1,000 births, some large-scale micro electron companies competed to develop have developed each kind of monolithic integrated circuit series product. Divides from the word length aspect, the monolithic integrated circuit has 4, 8, 16, 32 four big kinds, first three kinds occupied the monolithic integrated circuit market main share, in the middle of these three kind of monolithic integrated circuits, 8 machine continuously primarily flows the product. Has the representative 4 monolithic integrated circuits to have the American Texas instrument company TMS - 1,000, Nippon Electric Company (NEC) mu PD75 long neck hair series, American country semiconductor company (NS) COP400 series, American 洛克威尔 company (ROCKWELL) PPS/1 series, Japanese Matushita companys MN1400 series, Japanese Fujitsu Corporations MB88 series as well as Japanese Sharp Corporations SM long neck hair series and so on. Has the representative 8 monolithic integrated circuits to have the American micro chip company the PIC16C long neck hair series, the PIC17C long neck hair series, the PIC1400 series, American Intel Corporations MCS - 48 and the MCS - 51 series, the American Motorola Corporations MC68HC05 series and the MC68HC11 series, the American uneven speech companys Z8 series, the Nippon Electric Company mu the PD78 long neck hair series, American Mosse the Turk company and young attendants to the immortals company cooperative production F8 (3,870) the series and so on. Has the representative 16 monolithic integrated circuits has American Mosse Turk company MC68200, the American Intel Corporations MCS - 96 series, the Nippon Electric Company mu the PC14040 series, the American country semiconductor company (NS) 783 long neck hair series and so on. At present, the monolithic integrated circuit is facing internal memory RAM and the ROM capacity is big, I/The O port function many, the supply voltage scope width, the power dissipation are low, the operating speed quick direction develops. In the above each kind of monolithic integrated circuit, why does this course select the micro chip company PIC in the series PIC16F873 monolithic integrated circuit to take the model introduction? The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit hardware system design is succinct, command system design fining. In the middle of all monolithic integrated circuits variety, it is easiest to study, one of easiest application monolithic integrated circuit varieties. Said regarding the monolithic integrated circuit beginner, if chooses the PIC monolithic integrated circuit achievement to capture the monolithic integrated circuit kingdom the breach , will be a most nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 relaxed shortcut, decides can obtain the twice the result with half the effort effect. At present had several famous semiconductors companies to imitate the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit, develops and it pin compatible series monolithic integrated circuit, for instance American SCENIX Corporations SX series, Taiwan EMC Corporations EM78P series, Taiwan MDT Corporations MDT series and so on. Below the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit has the characteristic: (1) uses the Harvard structure. In the home most common monolithic integrated circuit, the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit is the only 11 kinds uses the Harvard structure in the chip interior the type. Here said the Harvard structure is, in chip interior data bus and command line separation, and uses the different width. Does this the advantage is, is advantageous for the realization streamlined production , also is while carries out instruction to carry on to the next instruction takes refers to the operation, but in the common monolithic integrated circuit, the command line and the data bus is uses in common. and has used the different width, therefore program memory ROM and the data-carrier storage RAM addressing space is mutually independent, moreover two kind of memories widths are also different. Like this designs not only may guarantee the data the security, but also can enhance the running rate and realize the complete instruction the single byte . byte said which in this , refers in particular to the PIC monolithic integrated circuit the instruction byte, but is not 8 bits bytes which often said. For example, PIC12C50 / The PIC16C5 series monolithic integrated circuit instruction byte is 12 bits; PIC16C6 / PIC16C7 / The PIC16C8 series instruction byte is 14 bits; The PIC17C long neck hair series instruction byte is 16 bits. Their data-carrier storage all is 8 widths. But MCS - 51 series monolithic integrated circuits ROM and the RAM width all is 8, the command length from 1 byte (8) to 3 bytes lengths not one. (3) simplifies the set of instructions (RISC) the technology. PIC series monolithic integrated circuit command system only then 35 instructions. This for the instruction study, the memory, the understanding brings the very big advantage, also gives the procedure the compilation, reading, the debugging, the revision, the exchange brings the enormous convenience, really it may be said is easy to study easily to use . But the MCS - 51 monolithic integrated circuits command systems altogether have 111 instructions, the MC68HC05 monolithic integrated circuit command system altogether have 89 instructions. PIC series monolithic integrated circuit not only complete instruction for single byte instruction, moreover the overwhelming majority instruction for the single cyclical instruction, by favors the enhancement to carry out the speed. (4) the addressing way is simple. The addressing way is seeks the operand the method. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit only then 4 addressing ways (namely register indirect addressing, immediately number addressing, direct addressing and position addressing, later will make detailed explanation), will be easy to grasp, but MCS - 51 monolithic integrated circuits then will have 7 addressing ways, the 68HC05 monolithic integrated circuit will have 6 kinds. (5) the code compression ratio is high. The 1K byte memory space, regarding likes the MCS - 51 such monolithic integrated circuits, only can deposit 600 instructions approximately, but regarding PIC series monolithic integrated circuit then can deposit reaches 1,024 instructions strip number. May see from chart 1, compares with several kind of typical monolithic integrated circuits, PIC16C5 is one kind most saves the program memory space the monolithic integrated circuit. In other words, completes the space which the same function section of procedures takes, MC68HC05 is PIC16C5 2.24 times. nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 (6) the running rate is high. Because has used the Harvard main line structure, also because instruction reading has selected the streamlined production method with the execution, the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit running rate enhances greatly. May see from chart 2, the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit running rate is higher than other same scales by far the monolithic integrated circuit. In all 8 machine center, PIC17C is in the present world one of speed quickest varieties. (7) the power loss is low. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit power dissipation is extremely low, some models monolithic integrated circuit works when the 4MHz clock consumes the electricity not to surpass 2mA, lowers under the sleep pattern to 1 mu A below. (8) driving force. I/The O port actuates the load the ability to be strong, each I/The O pin inspiration and the output current maximum value may respectively achieve 25mA and 20mA, can the direct drive light emitter diode, the photoelectricity coupler or the miniature relay and so on. (9) has I2C and the SPI serial main line port: PIC series monolithic integrated circuit some models have I2C and the SPI serial main line port. I2C and SPI respectively are invents by PHILIPS and MOTOROLA Corporation realizes the synchronization serial data transmission sdt two kind of serial main lines technology between the chip. May facilitate using the monolithic integrated circuit serial main line port nimbly expands some essential periphery components. Serial interface and serial main line establishment, not only simplified the monolithic integrated circuit application system structure greatly, moreover extremely is also easy to form the product electric circuit the modular structure. At present, company and so on Matushita, Hitachi, Sony, Sharp, rainbow all in product and so on its large screen in color television has introduced the I2C technology. (10) the addressing space design is succinct. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit procedure, the storehouse, the data three use mutually the independent addressing respectively (or address code) the space, moreover the first two addresses arrangement does not need the user to worry, this can receive beginners welcome. But MC68HC05 and MC68HC11 monolithic integrated circuit addressing space when, programming needs the user to the procedure area, the storehouse area, the data area and I/The O port takes the address space makes the careful arrangement, like this can give in masters design to bring the flexibility, but also can bring some troubles to the beginner. (11) the periphery electric circuit is succinct. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit internal integrated on the electricity replacement electric circuit, I/On the O pin pulls the electric circuit, the watch-dog timer and so on, may the greatest degree reduction or exempts with the periphery component, in order to realizes the pure monolithic application. Thus, not only is advantageous for the development, moreover also may save the user the electric circuit board space and the production cost. (12) develops conveniently. Usually, under the extra-curricular condition the study and the application monolithic integrated circuit, the biggest barrier is the experiment develops the equipment to be expensive, causes many beginners to shrink back at the sight. The micro chip company and its the domestic many business agents, have provided the richly colorful hardware and the software support for users application development. Has each kind of scale fever nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 recording (or called programming) and the hardware simulator sells, its selling price is probably different from 500 Yuan to 2,000 Yuan. In addition, the micro chip company has also developed the many kinds of editions software simulator and the software comprehensive development environment (MPLAB - IDE), for the amateur study and the practice, the application and the development actual drill has provided enormous convenient. Regarding PIC series in no matter what a section monolithic integrated circuit development, all may draw support a set of free softwares comprehensive development environment realization programming and the simulation simulation, again uses any kind of inexpensive fever recording to complete the procedure fever to write, then forms a set of economical practical developments system. It suits these not to want specially the excessively many investments purchase expensive development kit beginner and the amateur. With the aid of in this set of inexpensive development system, the user may complete some small electronic products the development development. Thus it can be seen, said to primary level studying independently that, the PIC monolithic integrated circuit is one kind most suits, the easiest close monolithic integrated circuit. (13) C language programming. Regarding has grasped the C language user, the micro chip company has also provided the C language compiler for it , such user if uses the C language this kind of higher order language to carry on the programming, but also may enhance the working efficiency greatly. (14) the variety is rich. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit has formed three levels, more than 50 models at present. The internal function from to is simply complex, the seal form from 8 feet to 68 feet, may meet each kind of different application need. The user always can find section in among to suit oneself develops the goal the monolithic integrated circuit. In the seal form diversification aspect, does not like MCS - 51 series monolithic integrated circuits such, uses 40 feet seals mostly, the application flexibility receives the enormous limit. In addition, the micro chip company develops the monolithic integrated circuit first which in the world the first smallest 8 foot seals. (15) the specification is complete. The micro chip company may provide the many kinds of seals craft to its monolithic integrated circuit some kind of model the product: The belt window EPROM chip, suits the phase of exploitation which the procedure revises repeatedly; A programming (OTP) the EPROM chip, suits the need which and fast goes on the market in 小批量 the trial production; ROM covers the model chip, suits the big enterprise mass stereotypia product 规模化 the production; The individual model has EEPROM or the Flash program memory, suits the beginner on-line to scratch repeatedly specially writes, the practice programming. (16) procedure secret. At present still did not have the means to carry on the decipher copy directly to the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit procedure, might maximum limit protect the user the procedure copyright. In the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit, PIC16F873 is the micro chip company a section characteristic bright new product which promoted in 1998 years end, it besides had the above characteristic, but also some most important characteristic, was it may realize the on-line debugging and the on-line programming. This is MCS - 51 and the MC68 series monolithic integrated circuit does not have, but is precisely actually the general monolithic integrated circuits beginner most needs. nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 The micro chip company also specially developed set of exquisite inexpensive simulations tools set of for this section monolithic integrated circuit, has hereafter referred to as the simulation board or MPLAB - ICD. Both may realize the hardware simulation on this simulation board, and may realize the procedure to burn the record, but also retained a user to be possible to weld some primary devices to cover entirely at will welds the hole the electric circuit board space. Thus it can be seen, develops PIC16F873 even more 简便易行 the development other PIC model monolithic integrated circuit method which introduced compared to front. Certainly, if only is for study, also may not be colored by a cent money, only uses the free software comprehensive development environment (MPLAB - IDE), carries on the software simulation simulation to PIC16F873 to debug the procedure. This software has the 24M byte approximately, and may download from the Internet, this company has also opened Chinese website in China, its website is: Http:/Www.Microchip.Com.Cn/. In it really PIC monolithic integrated circuit family, PIC16F873 also has other three close relatives brother , they respectively are PIC16F874, PIC16F876, PIC16F877. The micro chip company is called these four brothers is PIC16F87 . Between them difference very small, academic society section on was basic superiorly in has known these four brothers, therefore we selected a section relatively simple model first in among to everybody introduction. In the overall says, by the ability, the might or the performance speech, in the multitudinous PIC monolithic integrated circuit family members, PIC16F87 is occupying center the superior level. Some beginners possibly want to ask, since in the PIC series also has the variety which simpler is easy to study, why gives everybody to present PIC16F873 first? The reason is this model has lets the human close good way on-line debugging and the on-line programming. With the aid of in this unique performance, we may study while practices, combination of theory and application nts 毕业设计说明书 (论文 ) 29 中文翻译 ： PIC系列单片机的特点 随着大规模集成电路（ LSI）制造技术的飞速发展，电脑正朝着两个明显的方向（即两大分支）发展：一是微型计算机系统的性能不断提高，以满足高速度大容量的 “ 数据处理 ” ；二是单片微机的功能日益完善，以满足诸多领域各种错综复杂的 “ 现场控制 ” 。 在 1975年德克萨斯仪器公司发明的世界上第一个 4位单片机 TMS 1000诞生后，一些大型微电子公司竞相研制开发了各种单片机系列产品。从字长方面划分，单片机有 4位、 8位、 16位、 32位四大类，其中前三类占据了单片 机市场的主要份额，在这三类单片机当中， 8位机又一直为主流产品。 较具有代表性的 4位单片机有美国德克萨斯仪器公司的 TMS 1000，日本电气公司（ NEC）的 PD75 系列，美国国家半导体公司（ NS）的 COP400 系列，美国洛克威尔公司（ ROCKWELL）的 PPS/1系列，日本松下公司的 MN1400 系列，日本富士通公司的 MB88系列以及日本夏普公司的 SM 系列等等。 较具有代表性的 8位单片机有美国微芯片公司的 PIC16C 系列、PIC17C 系列、
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