week 2week 2grammar 使用版.ppt

1 作定语 2 作表语 4 作状语 3 作宾补 过去分词 单个过去分词作定语 常放在被修饰词的前面 过去分词短语作定语 常放在被修饰词的后面 englishisawidelyusedlanguage thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s 过去分词作定语 过去分词 作定语 a 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生 与修饰词是主谓关系 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作 firstplayedin776b c whichwasfirstplayedin776b c theolympicgames in776b c didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912 doyouknowthenameoftheplay inthehallnow a tobeputonb beingputonc putond puttingon c b a a 4 pleasedon tforgethim heisoneof a thoseinvitedb invitedthosec thoseinvitingd invitingthose 3 iborrowedabook bymarktwainfromthelibrarylastweek ilikeitverymuch a writtenb writingc waswrittend towrite 1 didyouattendthemeeting yesterday a tobeheldb havingbeenheldc heldd beingheld 过去分词作表语 1 用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱 主要表示动作的完成和状态 此时相当于一个形容词 2 被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强 句子主语为动作的承受者 后面常跟by短语 theglassisbroken theglasswasbrokenbytom thewindowsareclosed thewindowsareclosedbyjack 3 表示 感觉流露 的一些过去分词 如 interested surprised excited frightened shocked 和一些过去分词 如dressed drunk devoted lost known 常用作表语 表示状态 其中有些仅表示状态 毫无被动意味 howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay theygotveryexcited shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult he squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners howdidbobdointheexamsthistime well hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults 过去分词 作表语 c 该题考查分词作表语的用法 topaysb bythehour 计时给某人报酬 此题被动结构作表语 类似的有 getburnt gethurt getwounded cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget bythehour a payb payingc paidd topay 2 assoonasheenteredthecity he a waslosingb gotlosingc grewlostd gotlost c d c 3 whathehasdoneisreally nowhisparentsare him a disappointing disappointedatb disappointing disappointedaboutc disappointing disappointedwithd disappointed disappointingby 1 theroomsare soyoucan tmovein a paintedb paintingc beingpaintedd tobepainted 过去分词作宾补 1 从时间上 表动作已经完成 come go fall change 表位移 变化的不及物动词 ifoundthecountrysidechangedalot 2 从语态上 表被动 iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow 过去分词做宾补 everygreatcultureinthepasthaditsownideasofbeautyexpressedinartandarchitecture 谓语 宾语 宾补 1 用于have make get等使役动词之后 ihadmyhaircutyesterday 2 theoldmanhadoneleglostinthewar 3 iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard 4 theytriedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbytheforeigners 过去分词 作宾补 1 表 希望 要求 的动词 want wish expect wish like order tobe done iwantthework tobe finishedbysunday jimorderedtheroom tobe cleaned 2 表 感觉 心理状态 的动词 see hear feel watch notice find think object p p wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice peoplefoundthewaterpolluted make get have keep 3 使役动词 iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow iwanttogetthebarbertocutmyhair iwanttoletthebarbercutmyhair 4 介词短语作宾补 with without n p p doyouknowthemanwithhishandstiedback theyleftwithoutadishtouched themurdererwasbroughtin withhishands behindshisback a beingtiedb havingtiedc tobetiedd tied d 过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语 修饰谓语 大多说明动作发生的背景或情景 表示时间 条件 原因 让步 伴随情况等 一般说来 这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语 a 表示时间 seenfromthespace theearthlooksblue whenitisseenfromspace theearthlooksblue b 表示条件 keptinrefrigerator thesevegetableswillremainfresh iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator thesevegetableswillremainfresh c 表示原因 d 表示伴随情况 e 表示让步 deeplymovedbythestory thechildrenbegantocry astheyweredeeplymoved thechildrenbegantocry shewalkedoutofthehouse followedbyherlittledaughter shewalkedoutofthehouse andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter beatenbytheenemy herefusedtoletoutthesecret althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy herefusedtoletoutthesecret 过去分词 1 作状语 c 1 该题考查过去分词作状语的用法 动词 ing或过去分词作状语 其逻辑主语应是主句主语 2 陷入深思 有两种表达法 a loseoneselfinthoughtb belostinthought按句子提供的语境可用结构b 用v ed改写句子 1 iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise iwenttoseewhatwashappening frightenedbytheloudnoise iwenttoseewhatwashappening 2 hewashitbythelackoffreshair hegotabadheadache hitbythelackoffreshair hegotabadheadache 3 ifeltverytiredafterthelongjourney istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation tiredafterthelongjourney istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation 4 thelittlegirlwasfrightenedbythenoiseoutside thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom frightenedbythenoiseoutside thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom 5 themuseumwasbuiltin1910 themuseumisalmost100yearsold builtin1910 themuseumisalmost100yearsold 6 thestudentwasgivensomeadvicebythefamousscientist thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore 1 areply hedecidedtowriteagain a notreceivingb receivingnotc nothavingreceivedd havingnotreceived c 2 before themachinemustbechecked beingusedb usingitc beingusedtod using a 3 betterattention thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand themlight a giving givenb given givenc giving givingd given giving d 4 unless tospeak youshouldremainsilentattheconference a invitedb invitingc beinginvitedd havinginvited a 5 fromhearttroubleforyears professorwhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes a sufferedb sufferingc havingsufferedd beingsuffered c 6 manytimes theproblemsweresettledatlast a discussingb beingdiscussedd afterdiscussingd discussed d 7 generallyspeaking accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect a whentakingb whentakenc whentotaked whentobetaken b 8 inthefog wewereforcedtospendtwohoursinthewoods atoloseb losingc lostd havinglost c 9 inwhite shelooksmuchmorebeautiful wearingb dressingc dressedd havingdressed c 10 theoldmanislivingahappylife takinggoodcareb takengoodcarec havingtakengoodcared takengoodcareof d 11 theoldmanwalkedinthestreet followedbyhissonb followedhissonc andfollowinghissond andfollowedbyhisson a 12 hisglass