高中英语 短文改错及写作讲评课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

高一写作指导 无论从词法还是句法上讲 英语中动词是最关键的 而在高考英语书面表达评分中 动词错误往往又是扣分的重点 所以同学们在写作时要特别注意动词的正确使用 一般来说 中学生在写作中出现的动词错误主要有以下几个方面 一 时态误用 二 语态错误 三 词形错误 四 词性错误 五 词义错误 六 句式错误 一 时态误用 一般来说 根据写作要求能够非常明确地判断出应该主要用什么时态 像写日记 看图书面表达 讲述发生的一件事 其主要时态就是一般过去时 出现时态错误的主要原因是 1 对各种时态的基本概念不清楚 2 时间立足点把握不准 3 母语干扰由于汉语动词没有时态变化 许多同学缺乏时态概念 4 考场时间不够 heisworkinginthiscompanyeversincehewasgraduatedfromcollege theteacherexplainedthatlighttrvaeledfasterthansound hasbeenworking travels 二 语态错误 marywasdressinginwhite thestorywashappenedlonglongago wewatchedthetraintillitwasdisappeared dressed 英语中seat dress devote等动词常用被动语态 belongto breakout disappear happen occur takeplace 等词无被动语态 三 词形错误 动词有过去式 过去分词 现在分词 单数第三人称形式 inshort thingshavebegantoimprovesinceschoolswerecalledontoreducelearningload iwasstudiinginmyroomwhenthetelephonerang thedriverdrivedsofastthatthecarknockedintoatruck theballoonburstedsuddenly begun studying drove burst 四 词性错误 1 及物动词与不及物动词混用theteacherenteredintotheclassroom weallagreedmary sidea thesuggestionwascomeupatthemeeting myhometownhastakenplacegreatchangesinthepasttwentyyears with came greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttwentyyears 易用错的这类不及物动词有happen takeplace occur breakout runout comeup cometrue goout belongto remain disappear等及物动词有marry enter serve reach等 2 实意动词和系动词的误用 themusicsoundswell thisrecordissoldgood good 英语中look sound taste smell feel等表示感觉的连系动词后接形容词作表语 sells well 英语中有些说明主语自身特性的动词常用主动语态表被动含义 如sell wash write等thiscloth 好洗 thispen 书写流利 thedoor 好关 washeseasily writessmoothly closeswell 3 动词形容词介词的混用 ourpeteacherisill whowillinsteadofhim theyallagainstyourplan ifavouriteenglish insteadof为介词 应改为taketheplaceof 或者说whowilltakehisclassinstead are favourite可用作形容词或名词不能做谓语 应改为myfavouriteisenglish 或englishismyfavourite subject 4 瞬间动词和延续性动词的混用 英语中瞬间动词不能语 段 时间连用应将其替换为状态动词或延续性动词helentmeabookandtoldmethaticouldborrowitforaweek keep 注意此类动词的替换arrive be buy have die bedead join bein leave beaway fallinlove beinlove getmarried bemarried b 瞬间动词与till或until引导的时间状语从句或构成的短语连用时 应使用否定形式 否则应使用状态动词或延续性动词hewenttobeduntileleveno clock hestoppedtalkinguntiltheteachercame hefellasleepuntil9o clockthenextmorning didn tgo 或改为heworkeduntil11o clock didn tstop 或改为hekepttalkinguntiltheteachercame slept 五 词义错误 weallpersuadedfathertogiveupsmoking buthewouldn tlisten theyoungmanpointedtoapolicemanoverthere explainedandsaid hestoppedusanhourago triedtopersuade andexplained 六 句式错误 myclassmatessuggestmetostudyhard welcomeyoutovisitourschool thereusedtohavetwotreesintheyard advise myclassmatessuggestthati should studyhard studying youarewelcometo cometo ourschoolforavisit 有些动词不能接不定式作补语 这类动词有agree demand hope insist suggest welcome等 be whatisasentence 1 therainstoppedhimfromgoingtoschool 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 状语 简单句 2 therainstoppedandthenhewenttoschool 主句 从句 复合句 简单句 简单句 并列句 3 therainstoppedwhenigothome ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell shewasreadinganovelwhenicamein sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass whatweneedistime thequestioniswhereweshouldgotomorrow 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句 主语从句 表语从句 主句 从句 复合句 1 thisearthquakewasverylarge 2 manypeoplewaslosttheirhousesandparents 3 luckily withthehelpofgoverment wecaneatdeliciousfoodandlivegoodhouses 4 inaworld wearedeterminedtorebuiltourcountry iii errorsinyourwriting terrible government in word rebuild 5 tomysad thousandsofpeoplelosttheirfamiliesorseriouslyinjured 6 aft