闫文军 海天六级听力及词汇强化2013.doc

1 目录海天六级听力及词汇强化听力部分.1第一节新六级听力应试策略.1第二节新六级真题精讲.4海天六级听力及词汇强化词汇部分.37六级核心词汇1300.37六级常用词汇形似篇.481 海天六级听力及词汇强化听力部分主讲：闫文军第一节新六级听力应试策略听力是外语学习水平提高的“瓶颈” ，是许多考生头疼的原因，随着听力分量的增加，听力在新六级级中必然会给广大考生更大的挑战。如何突破这个“瓶颈” ？笔者分三个方面来条分缕析，希望给大家一种柳暗花明的境界。1关于传统听力短对话的解剖：所谓的传统听力实际上包括短对话和短文听力两项内容。关于短对话，在传统的六考试里有十个题目，涉及前文提到的十大类场景。考生应对的技巧比较容易操作：拿出真题的带子，耐心听它100道题目，而且要反复听这写对话，直到你听着第一个人说话，就能确定对话的中心事件，并且能不自觉地反映出第二个人要说什么，最好是已经开始下意识地去设想不同的可能(也就是说开始合理改变对话内容和场景) 。针对这些对话中的不同场景，进行合理归类，并且总结其中的语言点，并以有效的方式去提炼规律性的语言交际功能，并且结合听力测试的形式，想象校园生活中常见的英语交际场景(主动迎战才能克服心理恐惧)争分夺秒抢时间阅读选项，并且尽可能快地预测对话的中心内容、以及可能提出的问题。这种阅读是快速的，也应当是高效的，考生一般可以根据三一规律，即四个选项中有三个可比的，首先排除那个不搭界的。另外再根据正反规律，从三个选项中寻找截然对立的两个，根据统计分析，答案往往出自其一。听力测试过程实际上也是个快速阅读的过程，考生必须在训练过程中有足够的阅读速度训练，场景预测训练，信息加工训练(包括分析提炼、综合加工、假设验证、准确定论) 。反复聆听相同内容，不断总结测试要点，多方分析对话内容，大胆设计不同问题和选择内容。(中国有句古话，久病自成医，考生通过大量地听、读、分析、预测、假设、验证，相信能够游刃有余地应对新六级级听力中的对话内容) 。在真正地考试中，除了快速阅读选项，大胆预测场景，再就是集中精力去听，即使准备再充分，精力再集中，我们也不可能排除紧张心理和压力，所以，最后一招制胜的法宝就是迅速提取关键词(也叫场景标记词汇) ，比如饭店场景应当有menu,order, tip和词汇表里常见的菜名。而银行场景则少不了clerk account, cash, check,interest 等场景和职业标记词汇。2 海天六级听力及词汇强化2对于长对话的解剖长对话在新六级级中有两个，包括7个多项选择题目。之所以叫长对话，就是因为话轮超交替超过一次以上一般达到四到五次。对话双方讨论的主题事件不变，信息都是围绕这个中心事件展开，在不断地重复中有利于考生印证自己的判断。长对话信息量增加了，信息点也分散了，所用的时间也长了，这些变化都增加了精力专著的难度，所以考生在训练过程中，应当下意识地集中注意力，提取关键词汇和有用信息，排除次要信息和不相关信息(学会明智地取舍是成功的关键所在) 。长对话的话轮交替符合日常交际的真实特点，对话过程基本上都有背景杂音，对话的组织也比较松散，形式比较生动鲜活，所以考生应当充分利用已知的信息来合理定位相关问题，以及这些问题的答案所在。长对话和短对话比较，增加了对考生短时记忆的挑战。所以在具体的考试中间，考生还应当学会速记。速记的方法可以不同，前提是考生自己能够在做题的时候识别自己的记号。根据6月24日的长对话分析，出题顺序基本按照听力材料的先后顺序，所以考生在听力考试中，可以借阅读选项的机会，寻求有用线索，进行大胆预测和丰富的想象，从实现理解时的快速和准确。对于长对话听力的训练，考生一定要首先确定话题的中心事件，抓住说话人的语气，以及透过语气所表达的态度，其次才是对话中引用重要时间、人物、数据等关键信息。3关于短文听力的解剖：短文听力包括三篇文章，其中较短的约词，较长的约词。材料本身难度不算太大，关键在于能否听懂大意、抓住要点、记住主要情节。短文后面的问题大都是特殊疑问句。问题多问关于短文的主题、有关讲话人的情况、事实与细节、事情的因与果等，有时要求根据短文的内容作出其它推论。大体说来，短文听力中题目比较客观、直接。这是因为题目涉及的多是具体事实(问暗含意义或要求推论的题目很少) ，并且答案常常可以从听力材料中直接获得。对于这类题目，只要听懂短文，选出正确答案是轻而易举的。因为听力理解的问题不是以书面形式出现在卷面上，而是在讲话内容之后才出现，所以，我们必须抓住空隙时间抢先阅读选择项。这样便可以根据选择项的内容预测谈话或短文的内容和提问形式，提前了解谈话或短文中可能出现的单词或词组。只有这样，在听音时才能有目的地听、有选择地记。对待选择项应采取快速阅读的方法。在听音前看选择项主要应用略读技巧。一定要避免逐词阅读，否则就不可能在听音前看完选择项。选择项的长短、简繁不一，具3 海天六级听力及词汇强化体处理方法也要有所不同。选择项都比较短时，可采用扫视法。用眼光扫过选择项，大体了解其内容。对于较长的选择项目，可分两步处理。第一，整体看，以发现其共同成分；第二，竖着读，着重看区别。选择项(尤其是较长的选择项) 各项之间往往有相同的内容。应先整体扫视选择项，很快发现其共同处，然后将视线移到各项不同之处进行竖读(即由上向下看，而不是由左向右看) 。用这样的方法看选择项，开始可能会感到不习惯，因而影响阅读速度。但经过一段时间的练习，便会习惯。掌握这种技巧，不仅能加快阅读速度，使我们能在较短的时间看完较长的阅读项，而且能使我们对选择项的共同与不同部分印象更深刻，这对确定听音重点十分重要，因而，在平时就要注意训练提高这种技巧，使之成为习惯。若平时习惯逐词逐句地读，考试时就难以纠正，当然就无法熟练运用这种技巧。需要说明的是，上面所说的只是一种技巧，不一定适用于所有情况。但快速是原则。预测问题的类型和内容虽然在听音之前很难确定题目的确切内容，但选择项的结构和内容往往暗示问题的类型和大致内容。有些题的选择项很有特点，非常明显地反映出其问题的类型。例如：看到这样的选择项时：4对于复合式听写的解剖复合式听写在传统六里作为新题型的一种，与短文听力交叉使用，在传统六里至少考过五次。复合式听写在新六级级里总共有8个单词听写；三个信息补全，一般不要求原文逐字听写，但是却要求信息准确。在复合式听写中，考生必须注重下面的技巧：利用一切可能的时间，通读视觉可见的材料，千万不能盯着空缺的部分发愣。我们知道，完型填空就是挖掉了一些单词或者短语，要求考生根据给定的选项补全信息。而复合式听写则是要求根据听觉获得的信息，综合短时记忆的效果，并且非常重要的一点是建立在考生对全文中心信息准确把握的基础上的一种综合反馈。在第一遍听力的时候，一定要控制情绪，不能因为简单而激动，也不能因为某个空或者几个空反应不及而懊恼。冷静地跟着磁带走，大胆地预测下面的内容。如果考生是胸有成竹，他一定会以各种书面记号反映自己的获得的信息，这时候，千万别追求全部，完美，也别期望太高。(有句俗话说“拾到篮子里都是菜” )在第二遍听力的时候，磁带速度会有所下降，考生可以全神贯注地补全每个空格所需的信息，这个信息不一定单凭听觉获取，也可以通过阅读做适当的预测，然后根据听到的信息验证这种预测。在实战考试中，有许多考生因为反应不出汉语的意思，而反复地在嘴里叨咕听到的单词，这个习惯是非常有害的。我建议考生可以在4 海天六级听力及词汇强化某个单词和发音联系不上的时候，(实际上对于许多听说不好的学生这个现象非常普遍) 一定要根据英语单词的拼写规律，默认它是个规则拼写，首先写出前几个字母或者字母组合，往往前三个字母可以在视觉上提示我们所需要的单词，这一经验非常实用，往届的考生也非常信服。在第三遍的听力的时候，基本上就是检查拼写，拾遗补漏，我建议大家对最后的三个空千万别采取放弃的态度，许多考生告诉我说他们没有办法才放弃的，原因就是他们自认为没有实力写全这样长的信息，也没有把握得分，还不如做其他的题目。但是我可以负责任地告诉大家，这三个空格几乎没有人敢说得满分，可是踩着分点，就能得相应的分数，哪怕是一个短语，或者一个关键的词组。希望大家把听到的东东都写在答卷上，让判卷老师去决定是否给分。复合式听写短文要通过多读，实现多练，在多练中才能增广见识，才能增添自信。通过05年的复合式听写样题，和06年6月24日的复合式听写短文，我们不难看出体裁是说明文为主，题材(话题) 是越来越宽泛，越来越生活化、时代化。这就要求考生注意传媒英语时文的阅读和积累。第二节新六级真题精讲2010年12月份六级真题听力精讲Part Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more Questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the Questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.11. A The man is the manager of the apartment building.B The woman is very good at bargaining.C The woman will get the apartment refurnished.D The man is looking for an apartment.12. A How the pictures will turn out. B Where the botanical garden is.5 海天六级听力及词汇强化C What the man thinks of the shots. D Why the pictures are not ready.13. A There is no replacement for the handle. B There is no match for the suitcase.C The suitcase is not worth ing. D The suitcase can be ed in time.14. A He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather.B He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks.C He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures.D He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.15. A She cannot stand her boss s bad temper.B She has often been criticized by her boss.C She has made up her mind to resign.D She never regrets any decisions she makes.16. A Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.B Replace the shirt with one of some other material.C Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.D Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.17. A At a “Lost and Found” . B At a reception desk.C At a trade fair. D At an exhibition.18. A Repair it and move in. B Pass it on to his grandson.C Convert it into a hotel. D Sell it for a good price.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A Unique descriptive skills. B Good knowledge of readers tastes.C Colourful world experiences. D Careful plotting and clueing.20. A A peaceful setting. B A spacious room.C To be in the right mood. D To be entirely alone.21. A They rely heavily on their own imagination.B They have experiences similar to the characters .C They look at the world in a detached manner.D They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A Good or bad, they are there to stay.B Like it or not, you have to use them.C Believe it or not, they have survived.D Gain or lose, they should be modernised.6 海天六级听力及词汇强化23. A The frequent train delays. B The high train ticket fares.C The food sold on the trains. D The monopoly of British Railways.24. A The low efiency of their operation.B Competition from other modes of transport.C Constant complaints from passengers.D The passing of the new transport act.25. A They will be de-nationalised. B They provide worse service.C They are fast disappearing. D They lose a lot of money.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the Passage and the Questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C andD. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the Passage you have just heard.26. A The whole Antarctic region will be submerged.B Some polar animals will soon become extinct.C Many coastal cities will be covered with water.D The earth will experience extreme weathers.27. A How humans are to cope with global warming.B How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is.C How vulnerable the coastal cities are.D How polar ice impacts global weather.28. A It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years.B It sits mly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean.C It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today.D It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up.29. A The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean.B The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick.C The West Antarctic ice sheet was once ating ice.7 海天六级听力及词汇强化D The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the Passage you have just heard.30. A Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet.B Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.C Whether our blogs can be renewed daily.D Whether we can set up our own websites.31. A The number of visits they receive.B The way they store data.C The es they have collected.D The means they use to get information.32. A When the system is down. B When new links are set up.C When the URL is reused. D When the server is restarted.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the Passage you have just heard.33. A Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner.B Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.C Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.D Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.34. A Have some fresh fruit. B Exercise at the gym.C Take a hot shower. D Eat a hot dinner.35. A They could enjoy a happier family life.B They could greatly improve their work efiency.C Many cancer cases could be prevented.D Many embarrassing situations could be avoided.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a Passage three times. When the Passage is read for thest time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the Passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to l in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you havejust heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to l in the missing information.8 海天六级听力及词汇强化For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the mainpoints in your own words. Finally, when the Passage is read for the third time, you should checkwhat you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答.Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people ameasurable advantage in realms as (36) as academic achievement, bearing up in toughjobs and coping with (37) illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope is turning out tobe a stronger sign that a person may (38) suicide than other factors long thought to bemore likely risks.“Hope has proven a powerful predictor of (39) in every study we ve done sofar,” said Dr. Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist who has devised a (40) to assess howmuch hope a person has.For example, in research with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder and his (41)found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their st semester was a more(42) predictor of their college grades than were their S.A.T. scores or their gradepoint (43) in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict collegeperformance.(44) ” ,” Dr. Snyder said. “Whenyou compare students of equivalent intelligence and past academic achievements, what sets themapart is hope.”In devising a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder (45). “That notion is not concrete enough, and it blurstwo key components of hope,” Dr. Snyder said. (46) “.”2010年6月份六级真题听力讲解Part Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more Questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the Questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line9 海天六级听力及词汇强化through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.B) The women has a poor memory.C) The man borrowed the book from the library.D) The women does not need the book any more.12. A) The women is making too big a fuss about her condition.B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C) The women should spend more time outdoors.D) People tend to work longer hours with artiial lighting.13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. A) He regrets having published the article.B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.C) Not many people have read his article.D) The woman is only trying to console him.15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being. B) Go see Daisy immediately.C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone. D) Buy Daisy a new notebook.16. A) Batteries. B) Garden tools. C) Cameras. D) Light bulbs.17. A) The speakers will watch the game together.B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket.C) The man plays center on the basketball team.D) The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.B) The man will return home before going to the concert.C) It is the st time the speakers are attending a concert.D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.B) He is good at both language and literature.C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.10 海天六级听力及词汇强化D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. A) They hate exams. B) They all plan to study in Cambridge.C) They are all adults. D) They are going to work in companies.21. A) Difult but rewarding. B) Varied and interesting.C) Time-consuming and tiring. D) Demanding and frustrating.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Interviewing a movie star. B) Discussing teenage role models.C) Hosting a television show. D) Reviewing a new biography.23. A) He lost his mother. B) He was unhappy in California.C) He missed his aunt. D) He had to attend school there.24. A) He delivered public speeches. B) He got seriously into acting.C) He hosted talk shows on TV. D) He played a role in East of Eden.25. A) He made numerous popular movies.B) He has long been a legendary ure.C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.D) He was the most successful actor of his time.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the Passage and the Questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the Passage you have just heard.26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island.B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife.C) It crashed when it was circling to land.D) 18 of the passengers survived the crash.27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans.11 海天六级听力及词汇强化C) He was assassinated in Central Africa,D) He lost lots of money in his African business.28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.B) The workers pay was raised and their working hours were shortened.C) The trade union gave up its demand.D) The workers on strike were all ed.29. A) Sunny. B) Rainy. C) Windy. D) Cloudy.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the Passage you have just heard.30. A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.C) Very few of them knew much about geology.D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.31. A) By recting on Americans previous failures in predicting earthquakes.B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred.C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.D) By explaining some essential geological principles.32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.C) Stop him when he had difulty understanding.D) Write down any points where he could improve.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the Passage you have just heard.33. A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887.B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish.C) It was created to promote economic globalization.D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U.N.B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media.C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges.D) It has supporters from many countries in the world.12 海天六级听力及词汇强化35. A) It is used by a number of inential science journals.B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities.C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners.D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country.Section CDirections: In