高中英语 Unit2 English around the world教案 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 2 english around the world教学目的和要求（teaching aims and demands）类别课程标准要求掌握的项目话题english language and its development；different kinds of english词汇include role international native elevator flat apartmentrubber petrol gas modern culture ad actually present（adj.）rule（v.） vocabulary usage identity government singaporemalaysia rapidly phrase candy lorry command request retellpolite boss standard midwestern southern spanish easternsoutheastern northwestern recognize accent lightning directionmaam subway block词组、短语play a role（in） because of come up such as play a part（in）功能语言交际困难（difficulties in language communication）pardon? i beg your pardon?i dont understand.could you say that again, please?sorry, i cant follow you.could you repeat that, please?can you speak more slowly, please?how do you spell it, please?语法祈使句及其间接引语（）open the door. please open the door.would you please open the door? he told（asked）me to open the door.随堂练习1、english has/had the most speakers a. a now b when the british ruled many parts of the worldc in the time of shakespeare d in the 12th century文中信息：today, more people speak english as their first or foreign language then ever before.2、which of following statements is true? d a languages always stay the same. b languages change only after wars.c languages no longer change. d languages change when cultures change.文中信息：so why has english changed over time? all languages change when cultures communicate with one another.3、from ad 450 to 1150, english sounded more like c. a french b chinese c german d russian文中信息：actually, it based more on german than present day english.4、shakespeares english was spoken around d. a 1400s b 1150s c 450s d 1600s文中信息：in the 1600s, shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.5、which country has fastest growing number of english speakers in the world? b a australia. b china. c india. d britain.文中信息：today, the number of people learning english in china is increasing rapidly.课堂笔记1、more than 多于；不仅 not more than 不多于 no more than 仅仅 less than 少于 not less than 不少于 did you know there is more than one kind of english in the world? 你知道世界上的英语不只一种吗？im afraid she is less than eighteen this year. 恐怕她今年不到18岁。there are not more than fifty-four students in each class. 每个班上的学生不多于54人。her sister is no more than eleven old this year. 她妹妹今年（仅仅）只有11岁。2、play a . role/part in 扮演角色；担任职务 play a . part in take a . part in women of china play an important role/part in every field. 中国妇女在各个领域都发挥了重要作用。this actor played a leading part/role in this film. 这个演员在那部电影中担任主角。we all take/play an active part in sports. 我们都积极参加体育锻炼。3、then ever before 比以往任何时候更 than before, than ever 比以前 than usual 比平时 这些短语常与比较级连用，例如： tom got up earlier this morning than ever before. 汤姆今天比以往任何时候都起来得早。most of us study english much harder than before/ever/usual. 我们大多数人学英语比以前用功多了。4、because of 介词，“因为”的意思，其后接名词、代词或短语等，不能接句子。because 连词，也是“因为”的意思，其后要接句子。the boy didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.the boy didnt come to school yesterday because of his illness.5、a number of“大量的，很多的”意思，修饰可数名词，其后谓语要用复数；the number of .的数量（数目），谓语要用单数。a number of foreigners are going to our school. 很多外国人要到我们学校来。the number of the students of our school is 2500. 我们学校的学生总数是2500人。6、come up 上来，过来；生长出；出现，发生 will you come up to beijing next month? 你下个月能到北京来吗？they got up early to watch the sun come up. 他们早起，为的是看日出。spring has come and the grass is beginning to come up. 春天到了，草开始长出地面。7、such as, like, for example这三个词语都有“例如”的意思，for example在句首时，后面用逗号隔开，在句中时前后都用逗号隔开；such as和like用于句中，之后不能用逗号隔开。english is also spoken in many other countries, such as south africa, singapore and malaysia. 其它一些国家也讲英语，比如南非、新加坡和马来西亚。（此处的such as可换为like）he likes sports very much, for example, swimming and skating. 他非常喜欢体育运动，比如游泳和滑冰。8、give a command（名词） = give orders 下命令； command sb to do sth（动词） = order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 the soldiers started out as soon as the officer gave a command. 军官一下命令战士们就出发了。the officer commanded/ordered the soldiers to set out at once. 军官命令战士们马上出发。语法：祈使句1、比较：not politepolitevery politeopen the window！turn off the tv！please open the window！please turn off the tv！would you please open the window?would you please turn off the tv?2、点拨：（间接引语中祈使句的固定搭配） tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 tell sb never to do sth 告诉某人千万别做某事ask sb to do sth 请某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth 请某人不要做某事 ask sb never to do sth 请某人千万别做某事order/command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事3、练习： “look at the blackboard, boys！”said the teacher. t：what did the teacher say? s：the teacher told the boys to look at the blackboard.“dont throw the waste paper everywhere, children！”said the man. t：what did the man say? s：the man told the children not to throw the waste paper everywhere.“stand in line, please！”she said to the guests. t：what did she say to the guests? s：she asked the guests to stand in line.“never be late for class again, li dong.”said mr. black t：what did mr. black say to li dong? s：mr. black told li dong never to be late for class again.“put out the fire as soon as possible, young boys！”commanded the officer. t：what did the officer commanded? s：the officer commanded the young boys to put out the fire as soon as possible.重点词汇1、include 包含、包括 including（现在分词） included（过去分词） there are seven people in my family, which includes my uncle. 我们家共7个人，其中包括我叔叔。（include指整体中包含部分） =there are seven people in my family, including my uncle. =there are seven people in my family, my uncle included. =there are seven people in my family, and my uncle is included.2、because, because of 因为 because是连词，后面接句子，because of是短语介词，后面接名词或代词。 our manager didnt attend our party because he was busy. 因为忙，经理没有参加我们的集会。 =our manager didnt attend our party because of busyness.jack didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill. 因为生病，杰克昨天没上学。 =jack didnt come to school yesterday because of his illness.以下短语介词相当于because of的用法，以后会逐渐接触到：thanks to，owing to，due to，as a result of，on account of3、actually 事实上 =in fact=in reality=as a matter of fact=in effect he pretended to be rich. actually, he has little money. 他假装很富有，其实他没有什么钱。 =he pretended to be rich. in fact, he has little money.=he pretended to be rich. in reality, he has little money.=he pretended to be rich. as a matter of fact, he has little money.4、present adj. 现在的；出席的，到场的 at present 现在=presently=now 易混点：present因意思不同，在句中的位置也不一样。most people are satisfied with the present government. 大多数人对本届政府感到满意。all the people present agreed to our plan. 所有出席的人都赞成我们的计划。at present, many people enjoy sports in their spare time. 现在，很多人喜欢在业余时间锻炼身体。注意：present出席的，参加的，放在被修饰的名词后边。除此之外，present n. 礼物 present vt. 赠送（注意读音不同）he presented me a present at my birthday party.5、command sb to do sth/order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command和order均具有“命令”的含义，用法大致相同，二者均指正式下命令，而且这种命令具有绝对权威性，不得违抗，必须服从。不同之处是，command侧重用于军事方面，而order除可用于军事方面外，还可指一般的命令，并含有规劝的意思。试比较：the general commanded/ordered his men to attack the city. 将军命令其战士攻打城市。the doctor has ordered her a months rest in bed. 医生要他躺一个月。if you make any more noise, i shall order/command you out of the hall. 要是你们还吵吵嚷嚷的，我就叫你们滚出大厅。6、request，ask，beg，require 这几个动词都有“请求，要求”的意思，但有区别。当“请求”讲时，ask最通俗，最口语化。 i asked her to shut the window.我请她把窗户关上。request也是“请求”的意思，但主要用于庄重的讲话和文字中，常用于通告