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初中英语形容词比较级和最高级 比较级和最高级 初中英语形容词和 词的比较级和最高级 初中英语形容词 的比较级和最高级 词的比较级最高级 初中英语形容词比较级最高级 形容词的比较级和最高

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此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除 形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 比较等级的含义 形容词有三个等级：（1）原级，即形容词原形，表示双方程度相同或不同；（2）比较级，表示“较……”，“更……一些”；（3）最高级，表示“最……”。 在英语里两个人或物体进行比较时要用比较级。三个人或三个物体(或三个以上的人和三个以上的物体)进行比较时要用最高级。 如：He is taller than me.他比我高。 His room is bigger than my room. 他的房间比我的房间大。 She is younger than my sister. 她比我妹妹年轻。 He is tallest in our class.他在我们班最高。 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 Ⅰ、规则变化 构成方法 原形 比较级 最高级 单音 节词 和少 数双 音节 词及 以Y 结尾 的词 一般在原级词尾加 -er或加-est Long warm clever Longer warmer cleverer Longest warmest cleverest 结尾是e的词只加-r 或-st nice fine large nicer finer larger nicest finest largest 重读闭音节词以单个辅音字母结尾，先双写辅音字母再加-er或-est big fat bigger fatter biggest fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词先改“y”为“i”再加-er或-est busy early dirty happy busier earlier dirtier happier busiest earliest dirtiest happiest 多音节和部分双音节词 在原级前加more或most interesting careful important beautiful dangerous more interesting more careful more important more beautiful more dangerous most interesting most careful most important most beautiful most dangerous Ⅱ、不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 注：1）形容词比较级等级所加的-er（比较级）和-est（最高级），自成一个音节，分别读做[ə]和[ɪst)] 原级 比较级 最高级 　　great greater greatest 　　small smaller smallest 2）形容词原级的词尾为字母r, 在加-er（比较级）和-est（最高级），r要发[r]音。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 　　near nearer nearest 　　clever cleverer cleverest 3）形容词原级的词尾发音为[ŋ], 在加-er（比较级）和-est（最高级），[ŋ]音后须加一个[g]音。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 　　long longer longest 　　strong stronger strongest A: 有些形容词的比较级等级用-er（比较级）和-est（最高级）或者more和most 皆可，如 clever，lovely等。当代英语似乎多用more和most的趋势。 B: 表示“较不........” 和“最不......”时，还可用less 与 least。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 difficult less difficult least difficult 形容词的用法： 一、形容词原级的用法 表示双方程度相同(即年龄、高矮等等)或不同时用形容词原级。 肯定式用as……as(和/与……一样)表示； 否定式用not as……as或not so……as(和/与……不一样)表示。 as……as的中间用形容词和副词原级。 She is as tall as I.她和我一样高。 He is not as old as you.他没有你那么老。 Lily is not as careful as Linda.莉莉不如琳达细心。 1.肯定句的句式结构是： A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B(表示A、B两者比较程度相同。A 是主格，B 是宾格)。 This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 Her handwriting is as good as his.她的书写于他的一样好。 Mary is as careful as Linda.玛丽和琳达同样细心。 2.否定句的句式结构是： A+be动词+not+as+形容词原级+as+B(=A+be动词+not+so+形容词原级+as+B)(表示A、B两者程度不同，即A不如B那么……) Spring is not as/so cold as winter.春天不像冬天那么冷。 This box is not as/so heavy as that one.这个箱子不如那个重。 二、形容词的比较级用法 两者(即两个人或物体)进行比较时，用比较级表示，其结构是： 主语+连系动词be+形容词比较级+than+对比成分(或从句) Mike is older than Tom.迈克比汤姆老。 It is colder today than (it was) yesterday.今天天气比昨天冷。 The sun is bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大。 注意：than之后的人称代词，在口语中可以用宾格。如果人称代词之后跟着谓语时，则只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me.=He is taller than I am.他比我高。 than之后常常省去在意义上和主句相同的谓语成分。 Jim is younger than Tom (is).吉姆比汤姆年轻。 Jim has more story-books than Kate.吉姆的故事书比凯特的多。 三、使用比较级应注意的问题 1.形容词比较级前可以加程度副词(如：much、far、a lot、a bit、a little、even、still等)或数量词组修饰，表示“……得多”、“甚至……”、“更……”、“……一些(一点)” China is much larger than Japan.中国比日本大得多。 He is a little/a bit taller than I.他比我略高一点。 Lily is careful,but Lucy is even more careful.莉莉很细心，但露西更细心。 2.当某一事物与其他事物作为比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。即：形容词比较级要避免与自身进行比较。要用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”来表示“比其他的任何……都……” Lin Tao is older than any other student in the class.林涛比班上其他任何同学的年龄都大。 Shanghai is larger than any city in Hubei.上海比湖北任何一个城市都大。 3. 如果对象相同，可用that/those 代替第二个比较对象。如： The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. 上海的天气比武汉的天气要好。 The text in this book are much easier than those in that book. 4. 有些代形容词比较级的惯用结构： “比较级+and+比较级”，“more and more+形容词”译为“越来越……” nicer and nicer 越来越美好 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 older and older 越来越老 younger and younger 越来越年轻 5.“the+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”译为“越……，就越……” The city is becoming more and more beautiful.这座城市变得越来越美丽。 He ran faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。 His voice got weaker and weaker.他的声音变得越来越弱。 The sooner this is done,the better.这件事做得越快越好。 The harder he tried,the less progress he seemed to make.他越努力尝试，进步好像就越小。 4.形容词比较级也可以用句型 表示两者中“较……”时，用“the+比较级+of the two”译为“两个中比较……的” The apple is the bigger of the two.这个苹果是两个中比较大的。 He is the taller of the two. 四、形容词最高级的用法 表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较。最高级形容词前面要加定冠词the，句末一般跟一个介词短语来说明比较的范围。其句型是： 主语+谓语+the+形容词最高级+(名词)+of(in，among)…… Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 She is the youngest of us all.她是我们所有人中最年轻的。 This question is the most difficult of the three.三个问题中这一个是最难的。 注意：形容词最高级带有物主代词或名词所有格，不能再用定冠词the。 It is my busiest day.这是我最忙的一天。 of后面应跟复数名词；in后面跟表示范围或场所的名词。 Of all the boys在所有男孩中 in our class在我们班上 of all the things在所有东西中 in the world在世界上 of us在我们中 in China在中国(之内) of all people在所有人中 in my family在我们家里 五、形容词最高级应注意的问题 1.形容词最高级前面如果有much、by far等程度副词修饰，它应放在定冠词the的前面。 She is much/by far the best of all students in the class.她是班上最好的学生。 2.形容词最高级前面如果有序数词修饰，它应放在定冠词之后。 Shanghai is the first largest city in China.上海是中国第二大城市。 3.句型“one of the+形容词最高级+……”表示“是最……之一”。 China is one of the largest countries in the world.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。 4.与most组成的惯用结构： “most+复数名词”，“most of the+复数名词”或“most of+代词”，表示“大多数的”、“大部分的” Most students went to the Great Wall.大多数学生去长城了。 Most of the boys are in the park.大部分的男孩在公园里。 Most of his books were written in English.他的大部分书是用英文写的。 5.形容词最高级可以用原级、比较级、最高级来表示。 最高级 He is the tallest in his class.他是班上个子最高的。 比较级 He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class. 原 级 No other student in his class is as tall as he. 六、Who/Which is+形容词比较级和最高级的句型 1.表示两者之间选择，问“哪一个较……”或“谁更……”的意思时，用“Who is+形容词比较级，+A or B”或“Which is+形容词比较级，+A or B”的结构。 △Scotland 苏格兰（英）Who is younger,Mary or Kate?玛丽和凯特谁更年轻？ merrily adv. 高兴地；愉快地2.表示三者以上选择，问“谁最……”或“什么最……”的意思时，用“Who is the+形容词最高级，+A，B or C (或A，B or C)”或“Which is the+形容词最高级，+A，B or C(或A，B or C)”的结构。 △Halloween n. 万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕Who is the youngest,Mary,Kate or James?玛丽、凯特和詹姆斯，谁最年轻？ delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；Which is the biggest,the sun,the earth or the moon?太阳、地球和月亮，哪一个最大？ helicopter n. 直升飞机 专项训练 △Nepal n. 尼泊尔（亚洲国家）一、用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. Li Lei is the student in our class. (tall) 2. 3. △gutter n. 排水沟；阴沟；贫民区Lucy is than Kate. (fat) 4. My brother is much than you. (young) 5. 6. lead a … life 过着……的生活I think my car is as as yours. (nice) 7. This box is the of the three. (heavy) 8. 9. represent vt. 代表；象征Lesson One is much than Lesson Two. (easy) 10. 11. △Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔?约翰逊（英国作家，批评家）I feel much today. (ill) 12. I think maths is the subject of all. (difficult) 13. Winter is the season of the year. (cold) 14. My radio is not so as his. (good) 15. This street is than that one. (narrow) 16. Who is , you or I? (busy) 17. Kate is one of the girls. (clever) 18. There is water in this bottle than in that one.(little) 19. Who has the apples, Li Lei, Jim or Bruce? (many) 二、单项选择题： 1. Who is of you three? A.the oldest B.much older C.oldest D.older 2. Can we do our work with money and people? A.less, fewer B.lesser, few C.few, less D.little, less 3. Monday is my day. A.the busiest B.busy C.busier D.busiest 4. Our classroom is brighter than theirs. A.more B.quite C.very D.much 5. I got up today. A.later B.more lately C.lately D.late 6. Hainanisaverylargeisland.It’tthesecond islandinChina. A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlarge 7. Nowairinourtownis thanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedonetoit. A.verygoodB.muchbetterC.ratherthanD.evenworse 8. Chinais than India. A.small B.much small C.even big D.even bigger 9. He is two years ___ than I. 　A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. Less 10. This shirt is no good. That one is even . A. better B. worse C. well D. worst 11. Mary studies harder in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 12. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once . A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high 13. English is one of____ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language 14. Who jumped of all? 　　A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far 15. Chinahasalargepopulationthan intheworld. A.allthecountries B.everycountry C.anycountry D.anyothercountry 16. Who is of you three? 　　A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older 17. ThepopulationofShangdongis thanthatSichuan. A.smaller B.larger C.less D.Large 18. Which month is , June, July or August? 　　A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 19. Beijing is one of in China. A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities 20. is more beautiful than roses. A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers 21. Which language is ,English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest D. much more easy 22. Of the two cups, he bought . 　　A. the smaller B. the smallest C. Small D. smaller 23. This book is that one, but than that one. 　　A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive 　　C. as difficult as; more expensive　D. more difficult as; as expensive 仅供学习与交流

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