北京市高考英语一轮训练（5）北师大版.doc

北京2015高考英语（北师大版）一轮训练（5）及答案完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。夹叙夹议型完形填空(一) on a trip to california, my family stopped for lunch. as we walked towards the entrance to the restaurant, a man, with a _1_ beard and dirty hair, jumped up from a bench outside the restaurant and opened the door for us.regardless of his _2_， he greeted us in a friendly way.once inside, my daughters whispered, “mum, he _3_” after we ordered our lunch, i explained, telling the kids to look _4_ the dirt. we then watched other customers approach the restaurant but many _5_ him. seeing this rudeness truly upset me. the day i became a mother, i had determined to set a good _6_ to my children. yet sometimes when things didnt go right, being a good example was _7_. when our meal arrived, i realized i had left the carsick pills in the truck.with the winding trip ahead, the kids needed them, so i _8_ myself from the meal and went to get them.just then, the “doorman” was opening the door for a couple. they rushed past him without even acknowledging his _9_. letting them in first, i said a loud “thank you” to him as i _10_when i returned, we talked a bit. he said he was not allowed inside _11_ he purchased food. i went back and told my family his _12_. then i asked our waitress to add one soup and sandwich. the kids looked _13_ as we had already eaten, but when i said the order was for the “doorman”， they smiled. when it was time to _14_ our trip, i found the “doorman” enjoying his meal. upon seeing me, he stood up and thanked me heartily. he then _15_ out his hand for a handshake and i gratefully accepted. i suddenly _16_ the tears in his eyestears of gratitude (感激)what happened next drew great astonishment: i gave the “doorman” a _17_. he pulled away, with tears _18_ down his face.back in the truck, i fell into deep thought.while we cant choose many things in life, we can choose when to show gratitude.i said thanks to a man who had _19_ held open a door for me, and also said thanks for that _20_ to teach my children by example.1a.clean bmessycpretty dbright2a.service bappearancecstate dattitude3a.smokes bsmilescsighs dsmells4a.beyond bovercaround dinto5a.hated bignoredcmissed drefused6a.target brulecrecord dexample7a.stressful baccessiblecawkward dtough8a.excused brefreshedcprevented dforgave9a.company bpresencecchallenge dattack10a.quitted bmarchedcexited dapproached11a.before bunlesscthough dsince12a.story bdeedcexperience ddemand13a.concerned bexcitedcpuzzled dbored14a.make bstartctake dcontinue15a.reached bwashedcraised dwaved16a.watched binspectedcwitnessed dnoticed17a.hug bnodclift dstrike18a.slipping brollingcrushing dbreaking19a.firmly bconstantlycsimply dquickly20a.journey bwisdomcopportunity dcommunity(一)【要点综述】作者以友善的态度真诚地对待一个外表很脏但为她开门的男人，并为他提供了一份食物和一个拥抱，由此感动了对方。文章告诉我们，尽管生活中有很多东西无法亲自选择，但是我们可以选择什么时候去表达感谢。1b通过后面and可知，只有messy合适，意为“杂乱的”。2bappearance“外表”，上文描写的是男人的外表，故选b。3dsmell意为“味道难闻”，根据语境可以选出答案。4abeyond意为“在范围外”。通过上下文可知，孩子的母亲不想让孩子以貌取人，而应该关注外表以外的东西，所以选beyond。 5bignore“故意忽视不理睬”，通过前后文可知，当人们进入饭店的时候，许多人都无视这个外表很脏的男人。6dexample“榜样”，下文有直接对应，且set an example也为常用搭配。7dtough困难的；stressful紧张的，压力重的；accessible可靠近的，可进入的；awkward尴尬的，笨拙的，别扭的。8a因为路途曲折，孩子们需要晕车药，所以作者需要去车里取药给孩子吃，所以选a。9b正在这时，这个男人为一对夫妇开门，这对夫妇快速从他身旁走过甚至都没有承认他的存在，即无视他的存在，正好与上文呼应，表明人们看都不愿意看这个男人，更不用说是礼貌友好地待他了。10c让那对夫妇先进来，然后作者向外走的时候对那个男人大声地说了声“谢谢”。11b男人说饭店不允许他进入，除非他买食物。12a“我”回来把那个男人的事情告诉了家人。deed和demand显然不对，而experience一般指过去的经历，故也不合适。故选择story。13c因为家人不知道作者为什么在他们吃饱了的情况下又加了一份汤和三明治，所以选puzzled “迷惑不解”。14dtake a trip、make a trip意为“旅行，外出”，start a trip意为“开始旅行”，因为文章开头明确说明作者和家人是在去往加利福尼亚的trip中停下来吃午饭，所以再次上路，应该选d“继续”。15a他伸出手和“我”握手，“我”感激地接受了。reach out 意为“伸出”。16dnotice留心，注意到。17a接下来发生的事情更让人惊讶，“我”给了那个男人一个拥抱。 18brolling表示眼泪不停地流下来，很形象。19c“我”对一个男人表达了感谢，仅仅就是因为他为“我”开门，并且“我”也感谢这个机会，因为它让“我”以身作则教育了“我”的孩子。20c作者感谢这件事情，因为这是一个教育孩子的好机会。阅读理解。life and work are filled with problems to be solved, or as we say these days, challenges to be overcome. there are a number of approaches to help us with problem-solving in business and in other walks of life. using one or more of these techniques can help us do so efficiently. but some problem-solving techniques are complex and require a lot of learning before we can use them well. here is one of the simplest approaches, a five-stage process that often leads to success. the first stage is to define the problem in detail. part of the definition ought to be the reason the problem arose in the first place. once we are satisfied that the problem is well defined we are ready to look for a solution. the second stage is the search for alternative courses of action that will solve the problem. here we try to find multiple potential solutions to the problem. this step may involve doing some researches or asking others what they think. look for analogies or how similar problems have been solved in the past. the important thing is to come up with alternative solutionsat least two or three. the third stage is to study each alternative solution and to identify the relative advantages and disadvantages of each course of action. one alternative might be quicker but cost more than the other solutions. another might be less expensive but require a lot more time and energy. understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative is critical to choosing the best solution. the fourth stage of this process is to select and carry out the best solution. criteria (标准) for choosing may include a rough cost-benefit analysis or simply your comfort level after carefully considering your alternatives. the fifth and final stage is monitoring the outcome of your chosen solution. did it work? did you achieve success? if yes, that is great! if not, its back to the first stage. 1. which of the following is the best title for the text? a. how to solve problems efficientlyb. what to do with your problemsc. five steps for your problemsd. problems filling work and life2. if the problem-solving technique is very complicated, . a. you should use it for your problemb. youd better consult with expertsc. you should make a study about it firstd. you must give it up at the beginning3. the underlined word “analogies” in the text means. a. resemblancesb. defencesc. differencesd. changes4. the main idea of the third stage is. a. to use an alternative solution efficientlyb. to find a cheaper problem-solving techniquec. to weigh the pros and consd. to choose the quickest solution5. which of the following is not true according to the text? a. you should note the outcome of your chosen solution. b. you may put the method into use at last. c. the less expensive solution is the first choice. d. the reason for the problem is the key. 【参考答案】25. 阅读理解。chinas new buzzword, tuhao, may be in next years oxford english dictionary. “if its influence continues, it is very likely to appear on our updated list of words, ”said julie kleeman, project manager with the editing team. in chinese, tu means uncouth and hao means rich. it has traditionally been referred to rich people who throw their weight around in chinas rural areas. in recent years, people borrowed the term to describe those who spend money in an irrational(没道理的)manner. the word gained credence in september with the launch of apples new gold-colored iphone, an item loved by chinas rich people. the color became known as“tuhao gold. ”the word is now often used by the online community to refer to people who have the cash but lack the class to go with it. kleeman also mentioned two other chinese wordsdama and hukouwhich may also be taken in the dictionary. hukou means household registration in chinese and has been widely used. dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the western media by the wall street journal in may when thousands of chinese women were buying up record number of gold. they were the driving force in the global gold market between april and june when the gold prices had slumped(下跌). “we have nearly 120 chinese-linked words now in oxford english dictionary, ”she said. some of them are: guanxi, literally meaning“connection”, is the system of social networks and influential relationships which facilitate business and other dealings. taikonaut is a mix of taikong, meaning outer space, and astronaut. the new words will be first uploaded on the official website before the dictionaries arrive. the online version is also renewed every three months. “it at least broke our old rules. it used to take 10 years to include a new word but now we keep the pace with the era, ”according to john simpson. 【文章大意】在近期一档关于中国热词的栏目播出后, “tuhao”一词引起了牛津英语词典编著者的关注。这个中国时髦热词“tuhao(土豪)”明年有望被收入牛津英语词典。1. what does“tuhao”mean now? a. the rich who like iphone made of gold. b. the people who have power in the countryside. c. the people who spend money reasonably. d. the rich who find no class to belong to. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据第三段的the word isnow often used by the online community to refer to peoplewho have the cash but lack the class to go with it. 可知, tuhao指的是那些有钱但是没有阶层归属的人们。2. why is the word“dama”popular now? a. they bought gold in the global market. b. they are wealthy middle-aged women. c. they brought the gold prices down. d. they worked on the wall street. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据第五段的when thousands of chinese women were buying up record number of gold. they were the driving force in the global gold market可知, 大妈一词来自于购买国际市场上黄金的人们。3. which word has already been in the oxford english dictionary? a. tuhao. b. taikonaut. c. dama. d. hukou. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的we have nearly 120 chinese-linked words now in oxford english dictionary和taikonaut is a mix of taikong, meaning outer space, and astronaut可知选b。4. according to john, the oxford english dictionary. a. updates its new version every three monthsb. takes 10 years to include a new word nowc. speeds up its acceptance of new