高考英语 拉分专项训练 专题02 English around the world素材 新人教版必修1.doc

english around the world【重点词汇】1. base vt. 以为基础(根据)；n. 基地；基础she used her familys story as a base for her novel. 她把她一家人的经历作为她小说的蓝本。they used to make that small town the base for their revolutionary work. 他们过去把那个小镇当作革命工作的根据地。based on what he had said, we finally made out a plan. 根据他所说的情况，我们最后制定了计划。three of the new products are based on traditional herbal medicines.有三种新产品是根据传统草药研制的。2. command n. & vt. 命令；掌握；指挥；troops were marching on under the command of the general. 部队在将军的指挥下正在向前挺进。so long as you have a good command of the local culture, you will have no trouble living there. 只要你精通当地文化，你在那儿生活下去是不成问题的。the officer commanded that all the soldiers join in the fight at once. 长官下令所有的士兵马上投入战斗。commanded by the captain, all the people on board worked together to save the ship. 在舰长的率领下船上所有的人共同努力来拯救这艘船。3. request n. & vt. 要求；请求why do you turn a deaf ear to our request? 为什么你对我们的要求充耳不闻？our boss requested us to make full use of what we had in hand. 我们老板要求我们充分利用现有的设备。the teacher requested that all the students should get on well with each other. 老师要求所有的学生相互和睦相处。it is requested that he should leave before seven oclock. 要求他7点以前动身。4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认it was not until my little brother raised his head that i recognized him. 直到我弟弟抬起头来我才认出他。he spoke so strangely that i didnt recognize his voice at first. 他说话很奇怪，起初我没听出是他的声音。the firm recognized toms outstanding work by giving him an extra bonus. 公司发给汤姆一笔额外奖金以表彰他工作出色。he is recognized as the only one to be fit for the job. 他被公认为唯一适合于这项工作的人。5. straight adv. 直接；挺直；adj. 直的；笔直的；walk straight ahead and you will reach the river. 直接往前走，你就会来到河边。hearing the news, he went straight away to the school. 听到这个消息他立马去了学校。he has such a strange voice that its difficult to keep a straight face when hes talking. 他的声音很古怪, 说起话来很难让人不笑。he finds it difficult to stay on the straight and narrow for long. 他觉得长期地坚持走正道很难。【重点短语】1. come up 走近；上来；(问题)出现；提出；(种子)发芽he came up and asked me how to get to the railway station. 他走上前来向我打听怎样去火车站。it was not until days after the rain that the seeds began to come up. 直到下雨几天后种子才开始发芽。during our discussion new problems kept coming up, which were hard to deal with right away. 讨论期间不断出现新的问题，这些问题是很难马上解决的。bill usually comes up with good ideas that are worth adopting. 比尔总是能提出一些值得采纳的办法。2. play a part (in) 参与；扮演角色；在起作用women are playing an important part in the society nowadays. 当今世界女性在社会中起着重要作用。iacceptthe fact thathe is not fit to playthepartinthis film.我接受这一事实，他不适合在影片中扮演这个角色。the part that the church plays in western countries is very great. 教堂在西方国家所起的作用是很大的。“we aresupposed toplayapartindemocracy,”hesaid.他说“我们应该在民主进程中发挥作用。”3. such as 例如；像这种的such as 主要用来列举事物，意为“诸如之类”，如：we will grow some vegetables, such as cabbages, tomatoes and so on. 我们会种些蔬菜，比如白菜、西红柿如此等等。foreign languages, such as english and russian, are hard to learn. 像英语和俄语之类的外语是很难学的。【比较】for example 是用来举例说明某一观点或理由，所举之例具有代表性。试比较：some students, for example, john, live far away from here. 有些学生，例如john住的地方离这儿很远。【重点句型】1. it was based more on german than the english we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语却不是。【考点】more than 意为“与其说，不如说”，又如：it was said that the story is based more on facts than the writers imagination. 据说这故事更以事实为依据，而不是以作者的想象为依据。 dont be too hard on him; he is more misled than stupid. 不要对他太苛刻，与其说他愚蠢，倒不如说他是被误导了。【比较】 more than any other 表示最高级，如：there is no doubt that our garden looks much more beautiful than any other one. 毫无疑问，我们的花园看起来比其他任何花园更漂亮。i have to tell you the truth that this movie is more impressive than any other tv play. 我必须说实话，这部影片比任何其他电视剧更感人。2. today the number of people learning english in china is increasing rapidly. 现在中国的英语学习者的人数正在迅速增加。 【考点】 “the number of + 复数名词” 作主语，谓语动词用单数，如： i wonder whether the number of pages in this book is 350. 不知这本书的页数是否为350.the number of people who lost their homes in the earthquake reached 40,000. 在地震中失去家园的人数多达四万。 【比较】 “a number of + 复数名词” 作主语，谓语用复数，如： in recent year a number of new books have been published. 近几年已经出版了大量的新书。 a large number of college students are going around the country. 无数的大学生即将奔赴全国各地。3. believe it or not, theres no such thing as standard english. 信不信由你，(世界上)根本就没有什么标准英语。 【考点】 there is no such thing as “没有这么回事”there is never such thing as a ghost in the world. 世界上从来就没有什么鬼。 we think that there is no such person as peter in our class. 我们认为在我们班里没有象peter这样的人。 safety? there is no such thing as safety there now! 安全？那里现在根本没有安全可言。【重点语法】 如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时应该采用“动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构，即：told/