北京市大兴区高考英语 阅读理解专题训练（10）.doc

北京市大兴区2016高考英语 阅读理解专题训练（10）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. for example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. if tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. they begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. they forget how much tourism can help the countrys economy. it is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants. too much tourism can be a problem. if tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. this means that other parts of the countrys economy can suffer.on the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. businesses can also lose money. it costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, firstclass roads, and other support facilities(配套设施)needed by tourist attractions. for example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. if this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.building a hotel is just a beginning. there must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. all of these support facilities cost money. if they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.1which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection?ait is extremely important to develop tourism.bbuilding roads and hotels is essential.csupport facilities are highly necessary.dplanning is of great importance to tourism.答案：d本文一开始便讲如果没有适当的计划，旅游业会带来的各种问题，可见前文叙述适当计划的好处，以正反两方面来阐述。2the underlined word“inhabitants” (in paragraph 1 ) probably means_.atouristsbpassengerscpopulationdcitizens答案：d文中提到太多游客来该国inhabitants喜欢的地方，可见它指本国本土的居民。3too much tourism can cause all these problems except _.aa bad effect on other industriesba change of tourists customscovercrowd of places of interestdpressure on traffic答案：b本文提到旅游业过于兴旺会带来的各种后果中提到了a、c、d，但没有说会改变游客的风俗习惯。4it can be inferred from the text that_.athe author doesnt like tourism developing so fast blocal people will benefit from tourist attraction cother parts of a countrys economy wont benefit from tourism muchdwe cant build too many support facilities答案：b从文中的讲述可以推知，旅游业会使当地人获益。【2013界广东省三模】阅读理解 most recently, its very common in students who need a parent present for job interviews. naturally, its easy to blame the students in these situations, but the bigger problem is us. weas parentsare so eager to shelter our kids that we fail to realize that this in itself is harming them. as the mother of two young sons, i have to remind myself constantly that the biggest responsibility i have as a parent is to help them develop the skills needed to live in, to live without me. so, ill let them fail ill let them fail because as long as they are safe and warm inside their comfort zones, they will never grow. and failure along with loss, heartbreak, disappointment, etc.will be part of growth for them. call me the anti-tiger mom, but leaving them alone is, my way of helping them become equipped to fit in this world as we know it today. from terrorism and seemingly endless natural disasters, to our national debt and beyond, if we expect the next generation to stand up to the very real problems of our time, we need to stop feeding them and start teaching them how to fish. my children now are becoming little masters of compromise, but they try to negotiate everything now. its a small price to help them learn a skill theyll use for the rest of their lives, including when i dont accompany them on job interviews. 72. why do parents accompany their kids on job interviews?a. because they want to protect their kids from difficultiesb. because they think they can help them on the questionsc. because their kids are too shy to attend interviewsd. because their kids strongly request them to do so【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据文章2,3行weas parentsare so eager to protect our kids that we fail to realize that this in itself is harming them.可知问题在我们父母亲身上，我们总是保护我们的孩子。让他们是去了自己发展的机会。故选a。73. according to the author, what is beneficial to kids development?a. sheltering them b. keeping them safec. leaving them alone d. blaming them【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据leaving them alone is my way of helping them become equipped to fit in this world as we know it today.可知让孩子独处是一种帮助孩子适应我们这个世界的很好的方法。故选c。74. why does the author stress failure in kids life?a. to make them stronger than other kidsb. to help them grow in this tough worldc. to help them develop all social skillsd. to make them learn to compromise【答案】b 【解析】细节理解题。根据if we expect the next generation to stand up to the very real problems of our time, we need to stop feeding them and start teaching them how to fish.可知我们要想让我们的孩子在这个世界上立足，就要让他们自己体验失败，只有这样才能再这个世界里成长。故选b。75. which of the following might be the best title for the text?a. never shelter your kidsb. let your kids failc. be eager to grow upd. live without parents【答案】b【解析】标题归纳题。根据本文讲述的是要让自己的孩子经历挫折，而不是帮助孩子处理一切困难。因为挫折可以让他们长大。让他们了解世界的艰难，让孩子真正成长。故b正确。passage fourteen (pageants)pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. this sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. from the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress. leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. this is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. no longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. the location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.if money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion. when there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. these are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.the use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. if these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. the same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlandsanything which will help to have a unifying effect. any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1. the main idea of this passage isa. pageants. . costumes on the stage.c. costumes for pageants. d. how to arrange a pageant.2. it can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is a. money. . color. c. harmony d. texture3. why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?a. because pageants take place in daylight in the open air. because different characters require different costumes.c. because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.d. because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4. why do most pageants have a historical flavour?a. because most pageants take place for celebration. many pageants take place for amusement.c. a lot of pageants take place for religion.d. because pageants usually take place for competition.vocabulary1. conceive 设想，想象 to be conceived 设想好的，构思好的2. under the auspices of 在的主办下3. meager 贫乏的，不足的4. mount 登上，制作，上演5. flavour 风味，风格，情趣6. archive(s) 档案（馆）7. distraction 使人分心的事8. ivy 常春藤9. mellow 柔和的10. recourse (to) 依赖，求助于 11. drape 覆盖，披上12. invaluable 无价的，非常贵重的13. tunic （古时）长达膝盖的外衣，穿在盔甲上的战袍14. chenille 绳绒绒（织品）15. jumble 混乱，搞乱16. pennant 细长三角旗17. garland 花环，花冠难句译注1. this sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.结构简析 复合结构。that是主句的宾语从句，从句后再有从句。参考译文 这种情况，有时就表示有一个可用于演出目的资金配额。遗憾的是配额一般都少而不足，就得动用非常之才能细细的使用金额，使所有的演员都能穿上合适的戏装。2. most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy.结构简析 主从句参考译文 大多数露天演出都带有历史情调，因为这些戏一般是通过庆祝某个重大的历史事件，或庆祝当地某个值得纪念的人诞辰或逝世周年而产生的。3. this is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. no longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers.结构简析 复合结构：主句this is后有定语从句，which修饰costumes。从句中又套从句。参考译文 这和人为灯光下看的设计服装完全不一样。首先，白天看到幕景易于受许多因素影响，不再能用一片漆黑的环境把周围的一切隔开，而是相反，演员后和观众中有点纷乱的动作，很容易看到。4. very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes.结构简析 并列句，中用分号隔开。第一句中有when seen 连词+过去分词，实质起从句作用。第二句是主从句。参考译文 设计出的非常具有戏剧性效果的服装，在光天化日，有树木，有绿茵茵的草地，又有爬满常春藤的古老围墙的背景下，经常看起来是不起眼：在堂皇的住宅四周一片和色调前，所穿的服装效果同样不太好。5. if money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the pr