北京市西城区高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选编（2）.doc

北京西城区2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选编（2）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。blue planets space is not black，but light green，a team of astronomers announced on january 10.they studied the light sent out by 200 000 galaxies.what they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)the discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.most astronomers believe that the universe probably started with a“blue period”when young blue stars filled space.now the universe is in a“green period”they believe it will finally enter a“red period”when the older，redder stars appear. “the reason for the colour changing is that the rate of stars forming is changing，”said ivan baldry，an astronomer who worked to find the average colour of light in the universe.research presented by nasa scientists shows that the highest point of starforming may have occurred earlier than previously(以前)believed.it was probably very soon after the“big bang(宇宙大爆炸)”that many scientists believe gave birth to the universe.there is no way any human could actually see the green colour.“the only way to see it is if you saw all the universe from the same distance away and it was not moving，”baldry said.baldry and his coworker，karl glazebrook，have both joked about possible marketing(营销)opportunities for the new colour.perhaps colouroftheuniverse tshirts or coffee cups could become popular.but baldry allowed，“i dont know if you can patent(专利)a colour，thats not our business.we havent actually been to a paint shop yet to see if they have a name for this.”1the astronomers discovered the colour of the universe_. awhen they were researching on the age of the universe bwhen they attempted to test theories about the forming of stars and galaxiescto prove that the universe is continuously changingdand showed that the stars and galaxies may have formed earlier than previously believed答案：b第二段第一句“the discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.”说明了discovery是在理论检测过程当中作出的。2according to the astronomers，_.athe universe is changing its colour all the timeball the heavenly bodies are green at presentcthe universe has changed its colour several timesdthe universe will finally turn red答案：d第二段最后一句“they believe it will finally enter ared period when the older，redder stars appear.”为该选项提供了依据。从第二段可看出宇宙的颜色由蓝到绿，最终将变而还会变红，所以c选项中的已经变了几次不符合事实。而all the heavenly bodies远远大于文中的stars这一范围。a选项中的all the time表示的频率过高。3we can infer that the most popular colour of tshirts would be_.ared bblue cgreen dlight green答案：d综合第一段第三句“what they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)”和最后一段第一句“perhaps colouroftheuniverse tshirts or coffee cups could become popular.”可看出答案。 4which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?ano human can see the real colour of the universe.bthe theory of“big bang”is widely received by scientists.cthe rate of stars forming is causing the change of the universes colour.dhumans can receive light from at least 200,000 galaxies. 答案：ad选项来自于第一段第二句；c选项来自第三段第一句；b选项来自第四段最后一句。a选项与第六段有很大的差异。社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2012东北三校高三一模)改编more than 20 chinese and american experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence.wayne meisel,director of the campus outreach opportunity league of minnesota university,said that under economic pressure american young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves.in these circumstances,he said,young people lack confidence,which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything.in spite of the different conditions in china,li xuequan,director of the higher education section of the all-china youth federation,said chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation (通货膨胀) and corruption (腐败).in order to solve these problems,the chinese and american experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people,as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society.meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of “challenge to youth” to many young people,urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry,housing the homeless,caring for the lonely and sick,serving the elderly and preserving the environment.the letter says:“through the service,we touch the lives of others and enrich our own.”1.what is the main factor that leads to young peoples lack of confidence in both countries?()a.their educationb.their lazinessc.economic pressured.part-time jobs2.what is the possible situation in the 1960s?()a.young people lacked confidence as well.b.young people were quite confident in america.c.young people in america were able to do anything well.d.young chinese people were very confident.3.the word “commit” can be replaced by “”.a.keepb.devotec.helpd.express4.the passage is mainly about in the two countries.a.lack of confidence of the young peopleb.problems of the young people and ways to solve themc.approaches to touching the lives of othersd.challenges for the young people语篇解读:面对经济和社会压力,年轻人心理上会有什么变化。中美两国的专家对年轻人做过调查后发现,两国年轻人面对经济和社会压力都出现了相同的心理表现。答案及剖析:1.c事实细节题。根据文章首段可知:经济和社会压力使得年轻人缺乏信心。选项c正确。2.b事实细节题。根据文章第三段“which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything”可知,二十世纪六十年代,美国的年轻人非常有信心。因此,选项b正确。3.b猜测词义题。结合文章第五段“as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society”及第六段的信息可知:针对年轻人的问题,专家号召整个社会关注年轻人的健康成长,鼓励他们满足社会的迫切要求。催促年轻人振作精神,致力于社会的需要,诸如人们的温饱、住房、关心孤独的人和生病的人、为老年人服务和环境保护等公益事业。因此,commit应该为“致力于”的意思,选项b符合语境。4.b主旨大意题。通览全文可知:本文主要谈及中美两国年轻人在经济和社会压力下出现的问题及专家们提出解决该问题的建议。选项b较全面地概括了全文的大意,为正确选项。【长难句子分析】 in these circumstances状语,he主语 said谓语,young people lack confidence宾语从句,which was not the case in the 1960s when young people定语从句 thought themselves capable of doing anything.定语从句他说,在这些情况下,年轻人缺乏信心,这与二十世纪六十年代的情况不同,那个时候,年轻人认为他们能够做任何事情。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013陕西，c)according to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层). class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.class means a persons economic position in society. a commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class. while sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the united states quite well. one study shows that 53% of americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class. interestingly, a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people. obviously, people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power, but people who take orders from others have less power. power and class do not always go hand in hand, however. for example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class. generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. to our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the us. senate!status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society. it can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so. for example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，阐明了阶级、权力、地位的定义以及三者之间的关系。13what can we learn about “the middle class” from paragraph 2?apeople earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.bnearly half americans belong to the middle class.cpeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.dsociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.答案：b细节理解题。由第二段第四句话可知美国中产阶级占46%，差不多一半，故b项正确。由第五句话“有趣的是年收入五十万美元的外科医生和五万美元的公交车司机都自认为是中产阶级”，是“自认为”，所以ac项都不对。由第三句话可知d项错误。14according to the text, we know that _.apower and class do not always correspond with each otherbstatus refers to a persons economic position in societycpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersdclass is less important in deciding a persons social rank答案：a细节理解题。由第三段第三句话power and class do not always go hand in hand，可知a项正确。由第四段第一句话可知b项错误；由第四段最后一句话可知c项错误；由第一段第二句话可知d项错误。15which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?答案：a语篇结构题。第一段总体介绍阶级、权力、地位在确定一个人的社会等级方面都很重要，第二三四段分别说明了阶级、权力、和地位，采用了总分结构。故选a项。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013湖南，c)its such a happylooking library, painted yellow, decorated with palmtree stickers and sheltered from the florida sun by its own roof. about the size of a microwave oven, its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in palm beach country estates, along the northern boundary of palm beach gardens.its a library built with love.a year ago, shortly after janey henriksen saw a brian williams report about the little free library organization, a wisconsinbased nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “thats what were going to do for our spring break！”son austin, now a 10thgrader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. but janey insisted, and husband peter unwillingly got to work. the 51yearold owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that hed built years earlier for daughter abbies toy horses, and made a door of glass.after adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book，” and making the henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only little free library in palm beach county.they stocked it with 20 or so books theyd already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids favorites. “i told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again，” said janey, a stayathome mom.since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. the library now gets an average of five visits a day.the projects best payoff, says peter, are the thankyou notes left behind. “we had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了little free library这家图书馆的由来及其发展。16in what way is the library “pedestrianfriendly”？ait owns a yellow roof.bit stands near a sidewalk.cit protects book lovers from the sun.dit uses palmtree stickers as decorations.答案：b细节理解题。文章第一段信息its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in palm beach country estates表明这家图书馆是方便到达的，他就在人行道一侧等待读书爱好者。17janey g