黑龙江哈尔滨高考英语语法填空和阅读能力自选训练（8）.doc

2015黑龙江哈尔滨高考英语语法填空和阅读能力自选训练（8）有答案语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。people in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply arent taking the time to say a simple “hello”. after considering this phenomenon, i decided i was going to change the way i got on 16 others. my opportunity came one morning when i was in the community library. i passed by a girl 17 dropped her books out of her locker. 18 (think) that someone else would help her pick them up, i continued 19 way. however, when i had to go back 20 i forgot my book, i noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself. no one had stopped 21 (help) her. “ok,” i thought to myself, “this is where i should have changed.” my best opportunity came a few days later when i saw a man sitting by himself waiting for the library to open, so i sat down next to him and 22 (begin) a conversation. 23 was difficult to get started ,and even when i had to say goodbye, almost every response from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it .and who could blame him?people arent used to making 24 unprepared chat with a stranger. but a change, no matter how desperately it is needed, doesnt just happen. it takes people like us to make it possible. i advise you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someones day a little 25 (bright) .together, we can really make our society come closer as a whole.【参考答案】with 17. who 18. thinking 19. my 20. because21. to help 22. began 23. it 24. an 25. brighter完形填空have you ever wondered why some people are able to have confidence to spare when it comes to taking risks such as starting their own business or taking a year off to travel without an enormous safety net? the answer is that theyve1the art of optimistic thinking. the good news is that2some people are simply born to be optimistic, anyone can3to take a more positive approach towards their life. optimists look for4outcomes. this doesnt mean that optimists always jump into things carelessly and hope for5, rather that they do not let potential negative outcomes6the potential positive outcomes. by hoping so and having7that they can handle any negatives, optimists are8to take advantage of opportunities that come their way. optimists believe that their actions can make a9. they do not see their own efforts as being10. they understand that they do have the power to make things happen and take steps to make their dreams a reality. 11, pessimists have a difficult time believing that what they do will make any difference and find it12to make any changes or take any action towards achieving a goal. they find13why something that has worked for others will not work for them and believe that anything they do is certain to14. this makes it difficult for them to get out of situations that make them15, such as a dead-end job that makes them miserable. optimists do not internalize(使内在化)failure. when things dont16for them, they dont beat themselves up over it. they are able to accept failure as a part of life and try17with a positive attitude. they are often better able to learn from their18. when pessimists do take chances and fail, they have a hard time not19themselves and concluding that this is the way that it has to be. one20can leave them with a sense of being unworthy or completely at the mercy of others. thats why optimists become successful! 【文章大意】为何一些人在进行创业等冒险性活动时充满自信呢? 答案在于他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。1. a. understoodb. masteredc. studiedd. found【解析】选b。前后照应题。此句回答了文章首句“为何一些人很自信”。因为他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。master意为“精通, 掌握”。2. a. ifb. becausec. unlessd. while【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。好消息是尽管(while)有些人天生就很乐观/自信, 但是任何人通过个人努力都会学会以积极的态度应对个人生活。3. a. respondb. continuec. learnd. return【解析】选c。前后照应题。既然有些人天生不很自信, 要想成为自信者, 必须通过后天的学习才能如愿。4. a. positiveb. possiblec. differentd. particular【解析】选a。词汇复现题。根据后面的positive outcomes可得到暗示。5. a. the worstb. the leastc. the bestd. the most【解析】选c。前后照应题。这并不意味着乐观者总是粗心做事, 只往好处想(hope for the best)。6. a. overcomeb. overlookc. overloadd. overtake【解析】选d。前后照应题。相反, 乐观者不会让潜在的消极结果压倒(overtake超过)积极的结果。7. a. faithb. workc. troubled. control【解析】选a。词汇复现题。乐观者相信他们能处理任何消极的事情。have faith与后面的believe意思相同。8. a. eagerb. unwillingc. readyd. likely【解析】选c。前后照应题。乐观者很乐意利用所出现的机会, 而不是像悲观者那样让机会从身边溜走。9. a. changeb. differencec. fortuned. fame【解析】选b。固定搭配题。make a difference是一个常用词组。上文提到, 乐观者很自信, 所以他们相信自己的行动会有影响/起作用/有意义。这从下文的make their dreams a reality和make any difference可得到暗示。10. a. endlessb. preciousc. speciald. meaningless【解析】选d。前后照应题。此句中的efforts与上一句actions意义相近, not. . . being meaningless与上一句make a difference相呼应。11. a. in factb. in generalc. in contrastd. in short【解析】选c。逻辑关系题。in contrast与此相反。与此相反, 悲观者很难相信他们的行为会产生任何影响。12. a. rewardingb. amazingc. difficultd. impossible【解析】选c。词汇复现题。这从前面的have a difficult time处可得到暗示。13. a. excusesb. causesc. explanationsd. faults【解析】选a。词语辨析题。悲观者为自己的失败找借口。14. a. endb. startc. faild. fall【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。悲观者认为自己做的任何事注定都会失败。15. a. responsibleb. unhappyc. competitived. unclear【解析】选b。逻辑推理题。从此题后面的miserable可得到暗示。16. a. run outb. make outc. work outd. look out【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。当事情发展结果不如他们预期时, 乐观者并不为此而自责。work out是平时常考的动词短语之一, 在此意为“产生结果, 成功”。17. a. hardb. outc. againd. instead【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。乐观者把失败看成生活的一个组成部分, 即使他们失败了, 他们也会以积极的态度重新尝试。18. a. experienceb. mistakesc. friendsd. faiths【解析】选b。逻辑推理题。乐观者善于从错误中学到东西。19. a. blamingb. protectingc. identifyingd. presenting【解析】选a。词汇复现题。此处对比乐观者与悲观者对失败的态度, 从上文的they dont beat themselves up over it可得到暗示。20. a. caseb. defeatc. stated. example【解析】选b。词汇复现题。根据上文的fail可知, 悲观者的一次失败就会给他们留下没有价值的感觉。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013重庆，a)the morning had been a disaster. my tooth was aching, and id been in an argument with a friend. her words still hurt: “the trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. cant you see things from my point of view？” i shook my head stubbornlyand felt the ache in my tooth. id thought i could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. i started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. finally, at about lunchtime, i got lucky.“if you come by right now，” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”i took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. but suddenly i began to doubt about the dentist. what kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? why wasnt he as busy as the others?in the dentists office, i sat down and looked around. i saw nothing but the bare walls and i became even more worried. the assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my icecold one.when i told her my fears, she laughed and said，“dont worry. the dentist is very good.”“how long do i have to wait for him？” i asked impatiently.“come on, he is coming. just lie down and relax. and enjoy the artwork，”the assistant said.“the artwork？”i was puzzled.the chair went back. suddenly i smiled. there was a beautiful picture, right where i could enjoy it: on the ceiling. how considerate the dentist was! at that moment, i began to understand what my friend meant by her words.what a relief!文章大意：本文为一篇夹述夹议的文章，作者通过自己看牙医的一段经历，体会到了下面的道理，即：要站在别人的角度上考虑问题。1which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?acheerful. bnervous. csatisfied dupset.答案：d推理判断题。由文章刚开头提到的“the morning had been a disaster”以及后面“牙痛，跟朋友的辩论又伤害了我”可知，我很沮丧，故d项正确。2what made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?athe dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.bthe dentists being as busy as the other dentists.cthe surroundings of the dentists office.dthe laughing assistant of the dentist.答案：a细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句话what kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice？可知，a项正确。3why did the author suddenly smile?abecause the dentist came at last.bbecause she saw a picture on the ceiling.cbecause she could relax in the chair.dbecause the assistant kept comforting her.答案：b细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段信息suddenly i smiled.there was a beautiful picture，right where i could enjoy it，on the ceiling.可知b项正确。4what did the author learn from her experience most probably?astrike while the iron is hot.bhave a good word for ones friend.cput oneself in others shoes.da friend in need is a friend indeed.答案：c推理判断题。a项表示“趁热打铁”；b项表示“对朋友说好话”；c项表示“站在别人的角度上考虑”；d项表示“患难朋友才是真朋友”。由文章第一段朋友的话：the trouble with you is that you wont put yourself at my place. cant you see things from my point of view.以及文章倒数第二段i began to understand what my friends meant by her words.可知，作者从这段经历当中知道了：要站在别人的角度上去考虑问题，故c项正确。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “so what is quintura?” you may ask. “i like the search engine i currently use, my favorite search engine. why do i need anything else? my favorite search engine knows everything about every subject i am interested in and i can access all of the information available on the web with my favorite search engine.” “oh, yes!” we answer. “indeed! we have no doubt that you have chosen the best search engine for your own search purposes! we dont want you to part with your favorite yahoo, msn or google.” however, what if you think about searching in a different way. have you ever raked through the paper card index of a big library? you have to find the necessary letter (or their combination), take the correct drawer, and start sorting through the cards. ring any bells? after much time and effort, finally you find the long-awaited card! of course web search engines take away the laborious task of sifting (筛选) through paper index cards. and if you know the books exact author and title, either search is easy on the web or in a library. but what if you know only your general search scope? neither the authors name nor the book title. in a library, the only way out is to ask a librarian. but on the web, what do you do? you are on your own. until now, quintura is the very know-all librarian! imagine a conversation between you and the search engine you use most often, my favorite search engine (mfse). you: i need some books on physics. mfse: no problem. we have a lot of good literature. you: oh. . . so many of them! mfse: you asked for books on physics, here, ive found some more. you: no, i need only one branch of physics. mfse: but i have all the branches! thousands of books. choose whatever you want. you: but i need the branch on solid movement: acceleration, friction and so on. mfse: here they are. books on physics. . . now imagine beginning the same conversation with quintura (qu). you: i need some books on physics. qu: ok! we h