高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 英语知识运用 第一章 完形填空.doc

第二部分英语知识运用第一章 完形填空【2015新课标全国卷i】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。my kids and i were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.on the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ _1_ my job.family to feed.”at this store, a _2_ like this is not normal.my 10yearold noticed him and make a _3_ on how bad it must be to have to stand_4_in the cold wind.in the store, i asked each of my kids to _5_ something they thought our “friend” there would _6_they got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice.then my 17yearold suggested giving him a _7_i thought about it.we were _8_ on cash ourselves, but.well, sometimes _9_ from our need instead of our abundance is _10_what we need to do! all the kids _11_something they could do away with for the week.when we handed him the bag of _12_， he lit up and thanked us with _13_eyes.when i handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _14_his family might need, he burst into tears.this has been a wonderful _15_for our family.for days the kids have been looking for others we can _16_！ things would have played out so _17_if i had simply said, “no, we really dont have _18_to give more.” stepping out not only helped a brother in _19_， it also gave my kids the _20_taste of helping others.itll go a long way with them.1. alostbchangedcquit dfinished解析：根据后句“family to feed.”及下文可知，他处于失业状态需要帮助，因此选择lost。change“改变”；quit“停止”；finish“完成”。答案：a2. a condition bplacecsight dshow解析：根据前后文的描述可知，像这样的情景(sight)是很少见的。condition“条件”，place“地方”，show“表演”，均不符合题意。答案：c3. asuggestion bcommentcdecision dcall解析：依据后面“how bad it must be.”可知，这个十岁的孩子对这个人的行为做出评论。make a comment on“做出评论”；make a suggestion “提建议”；make a decision“做出决定”；make a call“打电话”，b项符合题意。答案：b4. aoutside bproudlycby dangrily解析：从前文的“_1_my job.family to feed.”可知这个人没有工作，还要养活一家人，可知他没有钱买吃的，因此只能是站在外边，所以选择outside。答案：a5. adraw bsaycarrange dpick解析：根据下文，每个孩子给这个人挑选出一份礼物，所以选pick。draw“画”，say“说”，arrange“安排”。答案：d6. aorder bsupplycappreciate ddiscover解析：根据句意，孩子们挑选出这个“朋友”可能会喜欢的礼物，所以这里选择appreciate。order“订购”，supply“提供”，discover“发现”。答案：c7. adollar bjobchot meal dgift card解析：根据14空前面gift card可知，这里选择d。答案：d8. aeasy blowcsoft dloose解析：根据下句中but的转折意思可知，句意为“我们虽然自身现金不足或缺乏”，low意思“少，低”，符合原文句意。答案：b9. agiving bsavingcspending dbegging解析：根据句意“我们把自己不充足的东西给予别人，正是我们真正需要去做的”可知选择giving。注意第7空处有giving一词。答案：a10. ayet bevencstill djust解析：just“正是，恰是”，起到了加强语气的作用，符合题意。yet“仍然”，even“甚至”，still“仍然”。答案：d11. adeclared bsharedcignored dexpected解析：后文提到这些孩子们都给了那个人一些礼物，可以推知，所有的孩子表明(宣布)了他们能够在这一周里放弃某些东西，即拿出来捐赠给别人、去帮助别人。declare“声明，表明”，share“分享”，ignore“无视”，expect“期盼”。答案：a12a.toys bmedicinecfood dclothes解析：结合上文“they got apples，a sandwich and a bottle of juice.”可知，孩子们给出的都是食物，所以选food。答案：c13. asleepy bwateryccurious dsharp解析：根据后文的he burst into tears可知，看到食物，此人眼睛湿润了，并且很感激我们。watery“水汪汪的”，sleepy“困乏的”，curious“好奇的”，sharp“敏捷的”。答案：b14a.whoever bwhatevercwhichever dwhenever解析：句意强调“用于他家庭所需的任何东西”，故whatever符合语境。本句为让步状语从句，从句缺少宾语，根据句意“无论他的家人需要什么，他可以给我打电话。”答案：b15a.experience bexamplecmessage dadventure解析：根据后文的“it also gave my kids the_20_taste of helping others.”可知，这件事对作者一家也是不错的经历，所以选择experience。example“榜样”，message“信息”，adventure“冒险”。答案：a16a.rely on brespectclearn from dhelp解析：由于孩子们从帮助别人的经历中得到了快乐，所以他们一直在找寻可以帮助的人，所以这里选择help。rely on“依赖”，respect“尊重”，learn from“从中学到”。答案：d17a.suddenly bvividlycdifferently dperfectly解析：根据句意可知，如果作者当时没有帮助他的话，结局会是完全不同的，所以选择differently。suddenly“突然”，vividly“生动地”，perfectly“完美地”。答案：c18a.time bpowercpatience dmoney解析：因为那个人没有工作还要养家是需要钱的，所以这里说没有足够的金钱去帮助他。所以选择money。答案：d19a.fear blovecneed dmemory解析：根据前文可知作者帮了需要帮助的人。in need 意为“需要帮助”。答案：c20. astrong bsweetcstrange dsimple解析：根据句意和前文的叙述可知，帮助别人给了孩子们快乐甜蜜的滋味，所以选择sweet。strong“强壮的”，strange“奇怪的”，simple“简单的”。答案：b【2014新课标全国卷i】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a, b, c, d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。as a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis.as a matter of fact，we can see this _1_at work in people of all _2_for example，on christmas morning，children are excited about _3_with their new toys.but their _4_ soon wears off and by january those _5_ toys can be found put away in the basement.the world is full of_6_ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someones_7_interest.when parents bring home a pet，their child _8_bathes it and brushes its fur.within a short time，however，the _9_of caring for the animals is handed over to the parents.adolescents enter high school with great _10_but are soon looking forward to_11_the same is true of the young adults going to college.and then，how many _12_，who now complain(抱怨)about the long drives to work，_13_drove for hours at a time when they first _14_their drivers licenses(执照)？before people retire，they usually _15_to do a lot of _16_things，which they never had_17_to do while working.but_18_after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they_19_and，like the child in january，they go searching for new _20_【试题分析】人们对所做的常规的事情会感到厌倦，这是一个普遍的规律。本文结合各个年龄段的人们的表现来说明这个现象的正确性。1a.principlebhabitcway dpower解析：根据开头第一句可知，人们按照常规习惯做事容易厌烦，这是一种普遍规律(principle)。答案：a2a.parties bracesccountries dages解析：下文中涉及孩子、成人，甚至是退休后的人们的情况可知，这里指各个年龄段(ages)的人们。答案：d3a.working blivingcplaying dgoing解析：由句中的their new toys可知，孩子们喜欢玩(playing)新的玩具。答案：c4a.confidence binterestcanxiety dsorrow解析：结合上句中的“children are excited about.”可以推知，此处指他们的兴趣(interest)。答案：b5a.same bextracfunny dexpensive解析：上文中说他们对那些新玩具的兴趣逐渐减少，由此可知，在地下室里看到的就是和上文中提到的是同样的(same)玩具。答案：a6a.wellorganized bcolorfullyprintedcnewlycollected dhalffilled解析：孩子们的兴趣不断发生变化，所以仍会有没装满的(halffilled)集邮册和没组装完的模型。答案：d7a.broad bpassingcdifferent dmain解析：他们之所以不再集邮，也不再组装模型，是因为他们失去了兴趣，这里把这样的兴趣称为过去的(passing)兴趣。答案：b8a.silently bimpatientlycgladly dworriedly解析：此处描写孩子饲养宠物的心理变化过程，一开始他们当然是高兴地(gladly)。答案：c9a.promise bburdencright dgame解析：根据句中however所表示的转折意义可以推知，孩子们把养宠物的担子(burden)交给了父母。答案：b10a.courage bcalmnesscconfusion dexcitement解析：结合下文语境可知，孩子们刚刚进入中学时充满了兴奋之感(excitement)。答案：d11a.graduation bindependencecresponsibility dsuccess解析：过一段时间以后，他们对学校的生活开始变得厌倦，所以就期待着毕业(graduation)。答案：a12a.children bstudentscadults dretirees解析：根据下文中的the drivers licenses可以推知，此处作者谈到了成年人(adults)的情况。答案：c13a.carefully beagerlycnervously dbravely解析：当刚拿到驾驶证的时候，他们渴望(eagerly)开车，对开车有浓厚的兴趣。答案：b14a.required bobtainedcnoticed ddiscovered解析：该句中when引导的从句意思是：当他们刚获得(obtained)驾照的时候。答案：b15a.need blearncstart dplan解析：根据before people retire可知，此处谈到退休的人们的情况，他们会计划(plan)做许多事情。答案：d16a.great bstrangecdifficult dcorrect解析：由于此时他们还有打算和渴望，所以他们通常想做自己认为有趣的(great)事情。答案：a17a.time bmoneycskills dknowledge解析：根据常识可知，在工作的时候没有时间(time)做诸如钓鱼、打高尔夫球这样的事情。答案：a18a.only bwellceven dsoon解析：由句中but所表示的转折意义可以推知，不久(soon)这些事情也变得和工作一样令人感到厌倦了。答案：d19a.lost bchosecleft dquit解析：联系上文中的after retirement等信息可知，这里指他们离开(left)工作的时候。答案：c20a.pets btoyscfriends dcolleagues解析：当对钓鱼这样的一些事情失去了兴趣，像孩子们一样，这些退休的老人就再去寻找新的玩具，这里把toys比喻成“ 新的感兴趣的事情” 。答案：b【2013新课标全国卷i】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。i went to a group activity, “sensitivity sunday” which was to make us more _1_ the problem faced by disabled people.we were asked to “ _2_ a disability” for several hours one sunday.some member _3_ chose the wheel chair.other wore soundblocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩)just sitting in the wheelchair was a _4_ experience.i had never considered before how _5_ it would be to use one.as soon as i sat down my _6_ made the chair begin to roll.its wheel were not _7_then i wondered where to put my _8_it took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into _9_i took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of _10_ for several hours.for disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的) _11_i tried to find a _12_ position and thought it might be restful, _13_ kind of nice to be _14_around for a while.looking around, i _15_ would have to handle the thing myself! my hands started to ache as i _16_ the heavy metal wheels.i came to know that controlling the _17_ of the wheelchair as not going to be _18_ task.my wheelchair experiment was soon _19_it made a deep impression on me.a few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the _20_ , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.【试题分析】由于是第一次坐轮椅， 作者甚至都不知道应该把手脚放到何处以及如何让轮椅前行。在仅仅体验了几个小时之后，作者就感到筋疲力尽了。通过这次亲身体验残疾人生活，作者明白了残疾人要克服生活中的种种困难。1. acurious aboutbaware ofcinterested in dcareful with解析：通过下文体验残疾人生活可知，作者参加的这个活动，目的是更多地了解(aware of)残疾人在生活中所面临的问题。答案：b2. acure badoptcprevent danalyze解析：根据下文中for disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair”is not a temporary(临时的).提到了adopt这个词，指的是让人们采用乘坐轮椅的方式了解残疾人，这是一种暗示；此处指的是被要求“接受残疾”几个小时以了解残疾人，因此选b。cure表示“治愈”；prevent表示“阻止”；analyze表示“分析”。答案：b3. ainserted bstrangelycas usual dlike me解析：根据下文的内容可知，“ 我”选择轮椅体验，故选like me“像我一样” 。答案：d4a.learning bworkingcsatisfying drelaxing解析：根据上文内容可知，作者是一个正常人，故使用轮椅应该有一个学习(learning)的过程。下文中的“i had never considered before”是提示。答案：a5. aconvenient bawkwardcboring dexciting解析：根据空前的“i had never considered before”可知，作者以前没有考虑过怎样使用轮椅，因此他使用起来比较笨拙(awkward)。答案：b6. aheight bforcecskill dweight解析：根据空前的“as soon as i sat down”和空后的“made the chair begin to roll”以及常识可知，当作者坐下之后，他身体的重量(weight)使得轮椅开始动了起来。答案：d7. alocked brepairedcpowered dgrasped解析：根据“the chair begin to roll”可知，作者一坐下，椅子就开始动，说明它的轮子没有被锁住(locked)。答案：a8a.hands bfeetckeys dhandles解析：联系空后的footrest可知，作者不知道该把脚(feet)放到哪里。答案：b9. aplace bactioncplay deffect解析：由上文中的“i wonder where to put my_8_”可知，作者最后把脚放到了恰当的地方(place)。答案：a10. aoperation bcommunicationctransportation dproduction解析：作者坐上轮椅之后，才好好地看了这个自己将要在上面度过几个小时的交通工具(transportation)。答案：c11a.exploration beducationcexperiment dentertainment解析：根据文章最后一段首句中的“my wheelchair experiment was soon.”可知，作者只是在进行一次乘坐轮椅的实验(experiment)。答案：c12a.flexible bsafecstarting dcomfortable解析：联系空后的restful可知，作者在轮椅上想找一个让自己感觉比较舒服的(comfortable)位置。答案：d13a.yet bjustcstill deven解析：与前面的restful和comfortable呼应，此处指的是他甚至(even)想让其他人推(pushed)着轮椅走，从而使自己坐得舒服。even表示程度，指在原来的基础上更进一步。答案：d14a.shown bpushedcdriven dguided解析：参见上题解析。答案：b15. arealized bsuggestedcagreed dadmitted解析：根据空前的looking around可知，作者意识到(realized)他必须自己推动轮椅。答案：a16a.lifted bturnedcpressed dseized解析：根据空前的“my hands started to ache”和空后的“the heavy metal wheels”可知，因为作者不断地转动金属轮子让轮椅向前走，所以手开始疼了。turn在此表示“转动” 。答案：b17a.path bpositioncdirection dway解析：根据上文中“my hands started to ache as i_16_the heavy metal wheels”可知，控制轮椅的前进方向(direction)不是一件容易的(easy)事情。答案：c18. aeasy bheavycmajor dextra解析：参见上题解析。答案：a19a.forgotten brepeatedcconducted dfinished解析：根据上文中的“for several hours”和下文中的“it made a deep impression on me.”可知，作者的这次体验很快就结束(finished)了。答案：d20a.weaknesses banxietiescchallenges dillnesses解析：根据空后的“.both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.”可知，几个小时的“残疾”对于我来说是身体上和心理上的双重挑战(challenges)，而残疾人却必须要克服它们。答案：c【2012全国卷】阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、 b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！it speaks_1_than words.according to specialists，our bodies send out more_2_than we realize.in fact，nonverbal(非言语)communication takes up about 50% of what we really_3_and body language is particularly_4_when we attempt to communicate across cultures.indeed，what is called body language is so_5_a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.and misunderstandings occur as a result of it._6_，different societies treat the_7_between people differently.northern europeans usually do not like having_8_contact(接触)even with friends，and certainly not with_9_people from latin american countries，_10_，touch each other quite a lot.therefore，its possible that in_11_，it may look like a latino is_12_a norwegian all over the room.the latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving_13_the norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep_14_which the latino will in return regard as_15_clearly，a great deal is going on when people_16_and only a part of it is in the words themselves.and when parties are from_17_cultures，theres a strong possibility of_18_but whatever the situation，the best_19_is to obey the golden rule：treat others as you would like to be_20_【试题分析】本文通过列举多个充满知识性和趣味性的例子告诉我们：不同的语言背景下的肢体语言会有很大的差异，如果不了解这些情况， 在交流中就会出现误解。1a.straighter bloudercharder dfurther解析：根据首句“body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！”可知，此处表示肢体语言要比真正的语言更有效。又根据谚语“actions speak louder than words(事实胜于雄辩)”，可知答案选b。答案：b2a.sounds binvitationscfeelings dmessages解析：句意：按照专家的说法，我们的身体所传递的信息(messages)要比我们自己意识到的还要多。invitation“邀请”。答案：d3a.hope breceivecdiscover dmean解析：句意：事实上，这种非语言的交流能占我们真正要表达的意思的50%。此处指我们在交流时想要表达的意思，应该用mean。discover“发现”。答案：d4a.immediate bmisleadingcimportant ddifficult解析：联系上文中的“takes up about 50% of what.”可知，当我们在进行跨文化交流时，肢体语言显得就更重要(important)了。答案：c5a.well bfarcmuch dlong解析：上文提到肢体语言所占的重要比例，故此处应该是表示肢体语言在我们生活中所占的重要程度，应该用much。答案：c6a.for example bthuschowever din short解析：根据下文中的“northern europeans usually do not like having.”和“people from latin american countries.”可知，此处是作者举例来说明，应该用for example。答案：a7a.trade bdistancecconnection dgreetings解析：联系下文中的“contact(接触)even with friends”可知，此处指不同的文化中，在交流时人与人之间的距离不同，应该用距离(distance)。答案：b8a.eye bverbalcbodily dtelephone解析：上文谈到人与人接触时应该保持距离，所以此处是表达身体方面的(bodily)接触，故选c项。答案：c9a.strangers brelativescneighbours denemies解析：前面说他们不会跟朋友有身体的接触，那就更不会和陌生人(strangers)有接触了，故选a项。答案：a10a.in other words bon the other handcin a similar way dby all means解析：句意：另一方面，来自拉丁美洲的人们之间却有很多的身体接触。根据语境，此处表达前后之间的对比，应该用on the other hand来引起下文。in other words“换句话说”；in a similar way“以相似的方式”。答案：b11a.trouble bconversationcsilence dexperiment解析：本文主要谈论语言和交际，所以这里是表达文化差异尤其体现在人们的交谈中，故选b项。trouble“麻烦”，silence“沉默”，experiment“实验”，均不合语境。答案：b12a.disturbing bhelpingcguiding dfollowing解析：句意：你可能会看到一个拉美人在房间里追着一个挪威人说话。根据上文描述的这两种人对待交流时人与人之间距离的差别可以推断出，拉美人追着挪威人是想近距离交流，故选d项。答案：d13a.closer bfastercin daway解析：根据上文中的“it may look like a latino is_12_a norwegian all over the room”可知，拉美人为了表达两人之间的友谊，想离得更近一些(closer)，故选a项。答案：a14a.stepping forward bgoing oncbacking away dcoming out解析：此处指拉美人往前走，而挪威人会为了保持距离而往后退(back away)。step forward“往前走”，go on“上场；持续”，come out“出现；开花；出版”，均与语境不符。答案：c15a.weakness bcarelessnesscfriendliness dcoldness解析：由语境可知，拉美人会认为挪威人往后退是冷淡(coldness)的表现。答案：d16a.talk btravelclaugh dthink解析：句意：很明显，在人们相互之间的交谈(talk)中会发生很多事情。这和文章的主旨大意一致。答案：a17a.different beuropeanclatino drich解析：句意：当双方是来自不同(different)文化的国家时，难免会发生误会。故a项符合语境。答案：a18a.curiosity bexcitementcmisunderstanding dnervousness解析：根据第17空句意可知，此处是不同文化之间产生的误会(misunderstanding)，故选c项。答案：c19a.chance btimecresult dadvice解析：句意：但是无论你身处什么情况，最好的建议(advice)就是遵循这条黄金定律：己所不欲，勿施于人。此处是作者对读者的建议，故d项符合句意。答案：d20a.noticed btreatedcrespected dpleased解析：根据句中的“treat others as”可知答案为b项，也就是说你希望别人怎么对待(treated)你，你就要怎样对待别人。答案：b【2011全国卷】阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、 b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 in our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory_1_course about 20 years ago.the professor_2_the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to_3_how many beans the jar contained.after_4_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the_5_answer, and went on saying, “you have just_6_an important lesson about science.that is: never_7_your own senses.twenty years later, the_8_could guess what the professor had in mind.he_9_himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting_10_into an unknown world invisible(无形的) to the_11_， which can be discovered only through scientific_12_but the seventeenyearold girl could not accept or even_13_the invitation.she was just_14_to understand the world.and she_15_that her firsthand experience could be the_16_the professor, however, said that it was_17_he was taking away her only_18_for knowing and was providing her with no substitute.“i remember feeling small and_19_， ”the women says, “and i did the only thing i could do.i_20_the course that afternoon, and i havent gone near science since.”【试题分析】20年前，作者的第一堂理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，该实验告诉学生，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。1a.art bhistorycscience dmath解析：由下文“an important lesson about science”可知，这是一节理科实验课。答案：c2a.searched for blooked atcgot through dmarched into解析：由空后的“placed upon his desk a large jar filled with”可知，老师走进了教室。答案：d3. acount bguesscreport dwatch解析：由空后的“how many beans the jar contained”可知，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。答案：b4a.warning bgivingcturning away dlistening to解析：由空后的“shouts of wildly wrong guesses”可知，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，教授听了他们喊出的答案。答案：d5a.ready bpossibleccorrect ddifficult解析：由空前的“announced”和空后的“answer”可知，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。答案：c6a.learned bpreparedctaught dtaken解析：由空后的“an important lesson about science”可知，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。答案：a7a.lose btrustcsharpen dshow解析：学生们的推测