高一英语安徽地区英语学科被动语态课件新人教版必修2.ppt

1 welcome 被动语态 thepassivevoice 2 教学目标a 熟记结构难点难点掌握e 熟练运用 b 掌握类型 c 注意主动表示被动的几种情况 d 关注误用被动语态的几种情况 3 1 被动语态的结构为 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 p p a 熟记结构 be动词的五种变化形式 原形be现在时am is are过去时was were现在分词being过去分词been 4 2 各种时态结构被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的 其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致 其具体变化为 一般现在时 am is aredone一般过去时 was weredone现在进行时 am is arebeingdone过去进行时 was werebeingdone现在完成时 have hasbeendone过去完成时 hadbeendone一般将来时 shall willbedone begoingtobedone betobedone当句中含有情态动词时 句子结构为can must havetobedone hesaidthefactoryhadbeenopened thepenhasbeenusedforseveralyears hetoldusthecatwasbeingwashedwhenwecalledhim theworkwillbefinishedinthreehours thebabymustbelookedafterwell thisbookwaswrittenin1969 thebrokenbikeisbeingrepairednow heisregardedasabrilliant 才气 他被认为很有才气 这本书是1969年写成的 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理 他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡 这支钢笔已经用了几年 他说这家工厂已经开张 工作将于三小时后完成 这孩子必须被好好照顾 5 小窍门 我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成 be 及物动词的过去分词表示时态表示被动要变化不变化 6 选d 考查一般现在时的被动语态 选c 考查一般过去时的被动语态 选b 考查含情态动词的被动语态 theboy togetsupperreadyafterschoollastnight a weretoldb istellingc wastoldd tells chinese bythelargestnumberofpeople a speakb isspeakingc speaksd isspoken alotofnewroads builtinthewestofchina a mustb mustbec hasd have 3 让你出招 7 thedishes need wash thedishesneedtobewashed 2 动词不定式的被动语态的构成tobedone 8 themail need send rightaway themailneedstobesentrightaway 2 动词不定式的被动语态的构成tobedone 9 thesinger refuse photograph thesingerrefusedtobephotographed 2 动词不定式的被动语态的构成tobedone 10 thehouse is sale thehouseistobesold 2 动词不定式的被动语态的构成tobedone 11 b 被动语态的几种类型 1主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态hesawherintheshopyesterday wasseenintheshopyesterday wasgivenabookbyjim wasgiventomebyjim 2主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态jimgavemeabook she i abook 12 a 把直接宾语 sth 变为主语后 间接宾语 sb 前通常要加上介词to的有 write pass give lend sell show hand等 b 把直接宾语 sth 变为主语后 间接宾语 sb 前通常要加上介词for的有 make buy find draw等 注意 13 1 hermothergaveheranewpen anewpen herbyhermother 2 shewroteusaletter 3 shemadehersonapairofnewshoes 4 hefoundjimaseat 5 heboughtmeacomputer aletterwaswritten tous wasgivento apairofnewshoeswasmade for herson aseatwasfound forjim acomputerwasbought forme 实战演练一 14 3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态mothertoldmenottobelate isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden theymadehimwork12hoursaday iwastoldnottobelatebymother motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden hewasmadetowork12hoursaday 15 注意 变被动结构时 省略to的不定式作宾补时 不定式符号to必须补上 例如 someonesawhimswiminthelakeyesterday he swiminthelakeyesterday was seen to 16 4 短语动词的被动语态 在变为被动语态时 要将短语动词视为一个整体 其后的介词或副词不能省去 例如 thisdictionarymustn t fromthelibrary a takeawayb takenawayc aretakenawayd betakenaway shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren 变被动语态 thechildrenwill byher betakengoodcareof 17 c 主动表示被动的几种情况 1 不及物动词与状语连用 用以表示主语的品质和状态 常见动词是 cut sell read write fill cook lock wash drive keep等 e g thisknifecutswell 这把刀好切 thesebookssellwell 这些书好卖 thepenwritessmoothly 这支笔写起来流畅 meatwon tkeeplonginsuchhotweather 肉在这样热的天气里放不长久 theclothwasheswell 这种布好洗 18 2 一些连系动词的主动式 形容词 常见动词有 look smell taste sound feel prove turnout等 e g theapplestastegood theflowersmellswonderful thenewsproved turnedouttrue cottonfeelssoft 19 3 不定式在某些形容词之后 且与主语有动宾关系 常见形容词有 hard difficult easy heavy fit good comfortable convenient impossible等 e g theproblemiseasytodo thequestionisdifficulttoanswer theboxisheavytocarry theprojectisimpossibletocompleteinayear 比较 theproblemistobedone thequestionistobeanswered 没有形容词时 虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系 但必须用被动式 20 4 以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序 应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语 但仍然放在句子开头 例如 whohasbrokenthecup bywhomhasthecupbeenbroken 21 d 容易误用被动语态的几种情况 1 iteachmyselffrench 2 wehelpeachother oneanother 不可变为myselfistaughtfrench 因为反身代词不可作主语 不可变为eachother oneanotherishelpedbyus 因为相互代词不可作主语 22 3 helostheart 不可变为 heartwaslostbyhim 因为像 loseheart makeaface keepsilence loseinthought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式 不能用被动式 4 shetookpartinthesportsmeeting 不能变为 thesportsmeetingwastakenpartinbyher 因为像 takepartin belongto own have hate fail contain等表状态动词没有被动语态 23 小竞赛 熟练运用 24 被动语态练习 25 1 alotofnewroads builtinthewestofchina a mustb mustbec hasd have2 hiscar tomorrow a willberepairedb isrepairedc isbeingrepairedd hasbeenrepaired 26 3 manyhighbuildings inourcitysinceicamehere a havebeenbuiltb havebuiltc hasbeenbuiltd hasbuilt4 youcangooutifyourhomework a isdoneb willdoc willbedoned arefinished 27 5 whatisthis inenglish a callsb callingc calld called6 they dayandnight a aremadeworkb aremadetoworkc madetobeworkedd aremakingtowork 28 7 what theforestinchinainthelast10years hashappenedtob washappenedc hashappenedatd hasbeenhappenedto 29 8 manybridges overtheriversinceliberation a arebuiltb havebuiltc builtd havebeenbuilt9 theradiosaysawildanimalzooisto inourcity a bebuildingb buildc bebuiltd built 30 10 wecan tusethebridgen