Unit1.知识点.ppt

1 Wheredidyougoonvacation 你去哪儿度假了 Iwenttothemountains 我去了山区 1 这是一个特殊疑问句 由 特殊疑问词 助动词 主语 动词 其它 构成 由于是询问已发生的动作 过去的事情 所以助动词用过去式did 其后的动词用原形 LanguagePoints e g Wheredidyougoyesterday 你昨天去了哪儿 Ivisitedmyfriends 我去拜访了朋友 2 与gotothemountains结构类似的词组还有 gotothebeach去海边gotosummercamp去夏令营gotoNewYorkCity去纽约市goonvacation去度假gotoatrip去旅行gotothemovies去看电影 2 DidyougotoCentralPark 你去中心公园了吗 Yes Idid 是的 去了 这是一个一般疑问句 由助动词提问 回答也用助动词 由于询问的是发生在过去的事 所以助动词用过去式did 一般过去时的一般疑问句的句子结构 Did 主语 动词原形 其它 回答 Yes 主 did No 主 didn t 在过去时态中 无论主语是第几人称 是单数还是复数 助动词一律用did 如 Didyou he she theygototheparklastnight Yes I he she theydid 3 Istayedathome 我呆在家里 1 stay可以作及物动词 也可以作不及物动词 当它作不及物动词时就不能直接接宾语 其后接相应的介词短语 表地点 留在某地 或表状态 保持某种状态 e g stayintheoffice继续任职 掌权 stayawake不睡 醒着 stayinthearmy留在部队中stayathome呆在家中We restayinginthesamehotel 我们住在同一家旅馆 2 home与house family的区别home指 家 这个概念 包括 住处 和 家人 house则指 房子 住宅 侧重于建筑结构 family则指 家庭成员 当family作整体概念时 谓语动词用单数 看作一个个成员时 谓语动词用复数 e g IwatchedTVathomelastmight 我昨晚在家里看电视 Thishouseisverybeautiful 这房子真漂亮 Myfamilyisasmallbuthappyone 我家人不多但很幸福 MyfamilyarewatchingTV 家人在看电视 4 Iwasonvacationlastmonth beonvacation译为 在度假 强调状态 而 gotovacation 去度假 强调动作 我们应该如何区分英语中强调动作和状态的词语 1 一般来说 单独的动词 短语一般强调动作 而如果 be 分词 形容词 则只表状态 如marrysb和getmarriedtosb表动作 而bemarriedtosb表状态 2 如果动词是延续性动词 则一般它即可表示动作 也可以表示状态 如 live stay work等就是此类 3 如果是单独的瞬间性动词 则它只表示动作 如 getup puton begin就属于此类 5 Didyoubuyanythingspecial 在英语中 anything something nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词 与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone someone noone和everyone anybody somebody nobody和everybody 用于指人 与形容词连时 形容词必须放在复合不定代词之后 语法上称作 后置 例如 somethingimportant 重要的事Icanseesomeonenewinyourgroup 我看出你们小组里有新人 There snothinginterestinginthenewstoday 今天的新闻里没有什么有趣的新闻 6 Wetookquiteafewphotosthere 此句中quiteafew是一个整体结构 表示 相当多 修饰可数名词 请不要与afew 少数几个 混淆 比较下面例句中quiteafew和afew的区别 Thereareonlyafewbooksonthetable butIstillhavequiteafewinthebookcase 虽然桌上只有几本书 但我的书柜里还有很多书 7 Shevisitedheruncle 句中visit是及物动词直接跟宾语 当其后接表示人的词语时译为 拜访 当其后接表示地点的名词时 译为 参观 如visittheSummerPalace 参观颐和园 visit还可以作名词 拜访 参观 构成短语payavisitto beonavisitto 译为 访问 某人 参观 某地 1 Wepaidavisittoourteacheryesterday 我昨天拜访了我的老师 2 Weare avisit ourEnglishteachernow A on onB to onC to toD on to 1 决定做某事 2 帮某人做某事 3 参观故宫 4 在度假 5 去爬山 6 去购物 I 翻译下列词组 decidetodosth helpsb to dosth visitthePalaceMuseum beonvacation gotothemountains goshopping 词汇练习 7 发现某人正在做某事 8 太拥挤 9 havegreatfundoingsth 10 feeltired 11 walkbacktotheroom 12 theGreatWall 做某事很愉快 感觉累 走回房间 长城 findsb doingsth toocrowded 1 TheBlacksalwaysgotothatm tolearnaboutChinesehistory 2 Sadmoviesalwaysmakemec 3 Howd thebeefdumplingsare 4 Thecomputerisn te Iwilltakeit 5 AllofusarestudyingfortheEnglishe II 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 useum ry elicious xpensive xam III 根据句意及汉语提示填入正确的单词 1 Threeofmy 同班同学 arefromAmerica 2 Itisusually 多雨的 insummerhere 3 Theshortsonsalearevery 便宜 4 Mr AndMrs Blackcame 回到 toschoollastweekend 5Thestudentsare 讨论 somequestionswiththeirEnglishteacher classmates rainy cheap back discussing 1 TomandMary come toChinalastmonth 2 Mydaughter notgo toschoolyesterday 3 she practice herguitaryesterday No she 4 There be threetreesaroundmyhouselastyear 5 What you do lastweekend I study mathonSaturday came didn tgo IV 用所给动词的适当形式填空 Didpractice were diddo didn t studied 1 Lucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening 改为否定句 Lucy yesterdayevening 2 Ihadlunchatmyfriend shome 改为一般疑问句 并作肯定回答 you atyourfriend shome 3 JimwenttothebeachlastSunday 对画线部分提问 Jim lastSunday 4 Theyplayedbasketballyesterday 对画线部分提问 theyplaybasketball 5 Thestudentshadgreatfuninthepark 改为同义句 Thestudents inthepark didn tdoherhomework Didhavelunch YesIdid Whatdiddo V 根据要求改写下列句子 Whendid hadagood greattime 23 Explanation Wheredidyougoonvacation IwenttoNewYorkCity 1 wheredidyougo 是一般过去时的疑问句 did是助动词 2 went是go的过去式 实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化 3 实义动词一般过去式的一般疑问句以助动词did开头 如 24 Whatdidyoudoyesterdayafternoon 你昨天下午在做什么 Iplayedvolleyballwithmyfriend 我和我的朋友一起打排球 Didyouhaveagoodtime 你们玩得很高兴吗 Yes Wedid 是的 很高兴 Didshecometohelpyou 她来帮助过你吗 No shedidn t 不 她没有 25 一般过去时 Thesimplepasttense 26 1 定义 1 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 常和表示过去的时间状语 如yesterday lastnight in1990 twodaysago 连用 2 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 常和表示频度的时间状语 如often always 连用 一般过去时 有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去 27 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用a 时间状语Ago twohoursago 一段时间 ago yesterday 句子开头或结尾 thedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek last year night month 28 具体时间 如Jan fourth justnowattheageofonedaylongagoonceuponatime 很久以前 andsoonthismorninglonglongago 29 SentencesIdidmyhomeworkyesterday IplayedsoccerlastSunday Icleanedmyroomlastweek Iwenttothebeachthreeyearsago Iplayedtenniswithmyfriendslastweekend Iwenttothemoviesthreedaysago 30 注 过去 的概念并不是只指如 yesterday lastweek 等 实际上 与现在对立的过去 亦即 非现在的以前 哪怕是 过了说话时间的几分钟之前 只要所要表达的时间与说话时的 现在 形成对立 就必须使用一般过去时来表达 在谈到已死去的人的情况时 多用过去时 例如 31 Hewashereonlyafewminutesago 仅仅几分钟前他还在这里 Icamehomejustnow 我刚回到家 Igotupveryearlythismorning 今天早晨我起床很早 Hewaslateforschoolagaintoday 今天他又迟到了 32 b 动词变化规则规则变化直接加ed work workedlook lookedplay played2 以e结尾的单词 直接加d live livedhope hopeduse used 33 3以辅音字母 y结尾的 变y为i加ed study studiedcarry carriedworry worried4以元音字母 y结尾的 直接加ed enjoy enjoyedplay played5以重读闭音节结尾的 双写最后的辅音字母 ed stop stoppedplan planned 34 规则动词过去式词尾 ed的读音 35 am is wasare werego wentdo didhave hadcome cametake tooksay saideat atesee sawget gotput putsleep sleptgive gavewrite wroteread read 动词不规则变化 red 36 buy boughtsit satrun ranswim swammake madefeel felthear heardgrow grewtell toldknow knewfind foundbegin beganbring broughtstand stoodspend spentcatch caughtteach taught 动词不规则变化 37 基本结构 be动词的过去式 实义动词的过去式 38 肯定句 主语 was were 宾语如 Iwaslateyesterday 昨天我迟到了 否定句 主语 was were not 宾语如 Weweren tlateyesterday 我们昨天没迟到 Be动词的一般过去时态构成 39 疑问句 Was Were 主语 宾语如 Wereyouillyesterday 你昨天病了吗 肯定回答 Yes Iwas 是的 我病了 否定句 No Iwasn t 不 我没病 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 was were 主语 宾语如 Whenwereyouborn 你是什么时候出生的 40 肯定句要使用动词的过去式 否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did 肯定句为 主语 动词过去式 宾语如 Iwenthomeatnineo clockyesterday 我昨天九点钟回的家 否定句 主语 didn t 动词原形 宾语如 Ididn tgohomeyesterday 我昨天没回家 实义动词的一般过去时态 41 疑问句 Did 主语 动词原形 宾语如 Didyougohomeyesterday 你昨天回家了吗 肯定回答 Yes Idid 是的 我回了 否定回答 No Ididn t 不 我没回家 42 动词一般过去时 表示过去发生的事 be用was或用were have has变had 谓语动词过去式 过去时间作标志 一般动词加 ed 若是特殊得硬记 否定句很简单 主语之后didn t添 疑问句也不难 did放在主语前 如果谓语之前有did 谓语动词需还原 动词若是was were 否定就把not添 43 Itwassunny Ididmyhomeworkyesterday SheplayedsoccerlastSunday Hecleanedhisroomlastweek Didyoudo Didsheplay Didheclean Wasit Exercises 44 Theyhadasummercamplastweekend Myfatherwenttothebeachthreeyearsago TomandJackstudiedforthetestthreedaysago Didtheyhave DidTomandJackstudy Didyourfathergo 45 Itwassunny Ididmyhomeworkyesterday SheplayedsoccerlastSunday Hecleanedhisroomlastweek didnotdo didnotplay didnotclean not 46 Theyhadasummercamplastweekend Myfatherwenttothebeachthreeyearsago TomandJackstudiedforthetestthreedaysago didnothave didnotgo didnotstudy 47 1 get 2 say 3 have 4 be 5 tell 6 think 7 write 8 drive 9 run 10 read 11 see 12 stand 13 put 14 eat 15 buy 16 drink 17 sleep e 19 play 20 study 21 listen 给下面的单词写出过去式 got said had was were told thought wrote drove ran read saw stood put ate bought drank slept came played studied listened 48 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We live inJapanlastyear Jack stop thecarlastSunday Tom clean myroomand study fortheChinesetestlastweekend 4 What you do lastnight 5 OnSundaymorningI play tennis lived stopped cleaned studied did do played 49 句型转换Lucydidherhomeworkathome 改否定句 2 Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge 冰箱 变一般疑问句 3 Shestayedthereforaweek 对划线部分提问 4 Therewassomeorangeinthecup 变一般疑问句 Lucydidn tnotherhomeworkathome Didhefindanymeatinthefridge Howlongdoesshestayedthere Wasthereanyorangeinthecup 50 5 ShewenttothebeachlastSunday 变一般疑问句 6 Theystayedathomeonvacation 就划线部提问 DidshegotothebeachlastSunday Wheredidtheystayonvacation 51 HowtowriteanEnglishdiary 写日记的格式 在左上角写上日期 先星期 week 再日期 date 在右上角写上天气 weather 然后另起一行 就可以写下你想要写的事情或感想了 注意写日记时 要使用正确的时态 如果你记叙的是已经发生的事情 一般都应用过去时态 如果写的是感想等 就可以用一般现在时 52 3cWriteatraveldiarylikeJane sonpage5 Useyournotesin3b 53 Thursday August1stTodayIwenttothePalaceMuseum Itwascool ThenIwenttovisittheGreatWall Howgreatitis Itookmanyphotosthere Intheafternoon IwenttoTian anMenSquare Thesquareisverylarge TodayisChineseArmyDay Sothereweremanypeoplethereanditwasverycrowded Wehadgreatfunplayingthere Atlast wetraveledaroundBeijingHutongonthree wheelers TheChinesepeopleareveryfriendly Ifeltveryhappytoday butIwasreallytired 54 1 sowedecidedtoplayedtennis 1 decidetodosth 决定干某事e g TheydecidedtogotoHainanonvacation IdecidedtogotoShandongforsummerholiday 2 decidenottodosth决定不做某事e g 我决定再也不去那里度假了 Idecidednottogothereforaholidayagain LanguagePoints 55 2 Andbecauseofthebadweather wecouldn tseeanythingbelow 此句中becauseof为副词 后接短语 它引导原因状语从句 而我们学过的 because 是连词 其后接句子 例如 Ididitbecausetheyaskedmetodoit 我做这事是因为他们请我做啊 westoppedthematch becauseitwasraining westoppedthematch becauseoftheraining 由于下雨我们停止了比赛 56 项选择 1 Therearemanypeople vacationeveryyear A inB onC forD to2 Youdidn tgotoShanghaiyesterday didyou A Yes Ididn tB No youdidn tC Yes youdidD No Ididn t3 wasthefoodintherestaurant A HowmanyB WhyC HowD Where4 Howmanysheep thereonthefarmlastyear A areB wereC isD was B D C B 57 5 greatweathertoday A WhataB WhatC HowD Howa6 UncleLiangcanmakehiskite higherinthesky A fliesB toflyC flyingD fly7 IsRickthere No he forBeijingthreedaysago A leftB leavesC leavingD hasleft B D A 58 8 HowwasyoursummercampinDalianlastyear Ihadagoodtimewithmyfriends A TerribleB FantasticC ExpensiveD Notgood9 It s today WehavetoturnonairCondition A prettyhotB alittlecoldC alittlehotD prettydry10 DidyouvisityourgrandmaonFriday No I toamoviewithmymother A didn tgoB wentC goD didwent B A B 59 11 Ihaveonlytenyuanwithme Ican tbuytheexpensivedictionary A thoughtB butC soD because12 WheredidyougoonMid autumnDay Iwasn tout Ijust athome A stayedB wasC stayD am C A 60 13 Howwasyourtriptotheancientvillage Fantastic We toanaturalmuseumofstrangestones A goB wentC aregoingD willgo 湖北省宜昌市 14 Thisphotooftenmakesme ofmyteachersintheprimaryschool 吉林 A thinkB tothinkC thinksD thinking B A 61 1 写出下列动词的过去式 1 stay 2 go 3 visit 4 swim 5 study 6 have 7 fly 8 draw 9 do 10 rain 11 help 12 lose 13 make 14 walk 15 decide 16 eat 17 am is 18 are stayed went visited swam had was were ate walked made helped decided did flew studied drew rained lost 62 1 Theweatherwas 晴朗 lastweek 2 Thegoodnewsmadeus 感到 veryhappy 3 Ifoundagirl 哭 inthecorneronmywayhomeyesterday 4 Wehad 美味的 Sichuanfoodfordinnertoday 5 Wheredidyougoonyour 假期 sunny feel crying delicious vacation 2 单词拼写 63 6 Hersweaterwas 昂贵的 7 She 学习 forexamslastweek 8 Cathy 听 topopularmusiclastnight 9 Jim 去 tomovieswithhisfriendslastweekend 10 She 看 aninterestingtalkshowyesterday expensive studied