高考英语 热点题型和提分秘籍 专题17 写作（含解析）.doc

专题17 写作【高频考点解读】普通高中英语课程标准对语言技能目标(八级)“写”的要求如下：(1)能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；(2)能根据文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；(3)能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；(4)能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。从要求来看，书面表达是综合性很强的题目，目的是考查学生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。因此，考生应做到：(1)主题明确；(2)内容充实；(3)结构合理；(4)逻辑性强；(5)语言准确得体。【热点题型】题型一 提纲类作文例1、某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏，讨论学习习惯问题。请你结合自身学习实际，按以下提示，用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件。1说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系；2介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议；3描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。注意：1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits._【参考范文】it_is_useful_and_necessary_to_discuss_learning_habits.our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb knowledge completely.time is precious for us students，so in my opinion，making a suitable timetable is necessary and important for us to make good use of our time.besides，the timetable should be updated according to the progress of our study from time to time.whats more，once the timetable is made，we should follow it strictly.but in fact，i often dont quite follow my timetable because of some reasons.for example，playing football and watching tv take up much of my spare time.so i think we should have our parents or someone else supervise us every day.a good learning habit is the key to success.to have a good learning habit is simple.just make good use of your time!【提分秘籍】提纲类作文是近年高考书面表达的热点题型。它往往以列要点或用表格的形式呈现给考生相关信息，通常有较多的文字说明，对考生需要表达的内容有明确的要求和一定的限制。考查形式有书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。这就要求考生在动笔之前，应该认真审题，弄清楚题目与提纲之间的关系及文章内容与提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的中心思想及各个段落的中心思想，提炼出完美的段落主题句，保证段落中的内容能够充分展开并且符合题意。【写作步骤】1仔细审题，明确要求审读所给信息，弄清楚所要表达的内容要点，然后对所给的信息进行梳理，可根据内容要点适当调整写作顺序，使文章行文连贯。2列全要点，即提纲要点化，然后写作成文。此时我们就必须在大脑中将各种信息点补充完整，适时使用高级词汇和复杂句式。要根据提示将要点表达清楚，使文章的内容完整、饱满、要点齐全，注意适当增加细节。同时注意句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间要有合理的过渡衔接。3检查核实，确保无误。【举一反三】 假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“on the way to school”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容主要包括：1遵守交通法规；2注意举止文明。注意：1.词数120左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3短文的题目已为你拟好，不计入总词数。on the way to school_【参考范文】on the way to schoolthese days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.as for me，it should start on my way to school.i will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.if i ride a bike，ill always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.if i walk，ill never forget to use the pedestrian crossing.meanwhile，i will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.not only will i keep from littering and spitting anywhere，i will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.i hope my behavior will make a difference.题型二 应用类作文假设你是某大学的学生李津。你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。个人优势介绍(如性格、特长等)；组织校内活动的设想(如举办讲座、英语晚会等)；组织校际交流活动的设想(如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等)；表达当选的愿望。注意：1.词数不少于100；2可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：副主席vice president竞选run forgood afternoon，my dear friends.my name is li jin._ _thank you.【参考范文】good_afternoon，my_dear_friends.my_name_is_li_jin.thanks a lot for having been given the chance to run for vice president of the students union.my hobby is widespread，which includes drawing，collecting stamps and so on.i am good at communicating and always ready to help others.im also positive and enthusiastic about new things.i have been class monitor since i came to our college，which brought me a strong ability of organization.if i become vice president，i will try my best to make the students union attractive by organizing various activities.i will organize schooltoschool activities，such as a debate and an english party.i will do what i can to enrich your lives.there will be many challenges ahead，but i have confidence that ill take on the burden.i sincerely hope you can give me a chance and im sure i will be a good president.thank_you.【提分秘籍】 应用类作文是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查形式。此类作文接近考生的生活实际，考生有话可说，能充分考查考生的真实写作水平。常见的应用文有书信、电子邮件、通知、日记、便条、启示、演讲稿等。尤其以书信、电子邮件所占比例最大。一般情况下作文的开头及结尾部分已经给出，只要求考生写主题部分。在应用文的写作中应注意以下两个方面：1作文内容力求语言平实、简洁、准确，句子不宜过长，让读者(或听众)很容易明白文章表达的基本信息。2不同的文体使用不同的人称和时态，在写作中人称时态要把握好。【写作步骤】下面就书信、日记、演讲稿为例简单介绍一下它们的写作步骤：1书信/电子邮件此类作文一般开头结尾都已给出，正文可根据作文要求分段把内容表达清楚即可。2日记/周记在写作时，一般先介绍活动的时间、地点、目的和内容，最后谈个人感受。3演讲稿演讲稿通常包括三部分：呼语(greeting)、正文(body)和结束语(closing)。写作时按这三部分的顺序表达即可。【举一反三】 假定你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。写作要点：1做家务的理由；2做家务的过程；3你的感受。注意：1.短文词数不少于100；2开头部分已写好，不计入总词数。i am an 18yearold middle school student._题型三 开放、半开放类作文 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：1未及时回信的原因；2你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。注意：1.词数：120150；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】dear tom，im sorry i couldnt reply to your email which you sent me a week ago immediately.i was so occupied with going over my lessons for my final exam.now i am writing to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays.the first thing i plan to do is to do a parttime job in a fastfood restaurant.not only will i earn much money but i will also gain some social experience through it.in addition，i will go on a trip to sichuan，where there are a great number of places of interest.i have been looking forward to going there for nearly a year.finally and most importantly，ill go to yaan to work as a volunteer.there is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.ill help them forget about sorrow by playing with them and telling stories.i hope what i will do will make a great difference to them.wish you a good holiday!yours，li hua【提分秘籍】开放、半开放类作文往往给考生呈现有限的提示，留给考生更多思考的空间和自由发挥的余地。考生应仔细审题、确定文体，然后选择恰当的句式来准确表达题目要求的相关内容。这种题型旨在考查考生用英语思考的能力和在具体的语境中的英语表达能力。【写作步骤】1开放类作文表达时通常先描述显性的部分，按一定的顺序，如时间的先后或空间的转移，来组织材料。然后是隐性的部分，要紧扣主题或按照作文要求去表达，即揭示寓意，突出主题。隐性部分和显性部分一定有其必然的联系。2半开放类作文通常先描述材料的叙述部分。然后按材料要求对所给的要点自由发挥即可，但要符合生活实际，真实可信。【举一反三】 星光中学(xingguang high school)近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1时间与地点：4月10日，大青山(daqing mountain)；2活动的过程；3你对于这次活动的评论。注意：1.词数120左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】in order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise，our school organized a mountainclimbing on april 10.hundreds of us took part in it.it was a nice day.at 800 am，we gathered at the foot of daqing mountain and set out for the top in high spirits.all the way we were chatting，singing and laughing，enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.when some fell behind，others would come and offer help.about 2 hours later，we all reached the top.bathed in the sunshine，we jumped and cheered with joy.the activity benefited us a lot.not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork，it also promoted the friendship among us.what a wonderful time!【高考押题】一、随着社会的发展以及人类对能源使用的加大，我们的环境承受着巨大的压力。所以，当今社会提倡低碳生活。你们班就这一话题展开了讨论，请就讨论的结果写一篇英语短文。内容要点如下：1有人认为：应该节能减排。可步行或骑自行车上学；节约用电、用水、用纸；使用环保购物袋等。2有人认为：忙于学习，无法实现；乘车上学节省时间，提高效率。注意：1.词数120左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语与结尾语已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：节能减排energysaving emission reductionwith the society developing，more and more pollutions have been made by people.as a result，our environments have been getting worse.there is a discussion about the lowcarbon lifestyle in our class._in my opinion，we should promote energysaving emission reduction.参考范文with the society developing，more and more pollutions have been made by people.as a result，our environments have been getting worse.there is a discussion about the lowcarbon lifestyle in our class.some of us insisted that we should promote energysaving emission reduction.for example，we ought to go to school by bike or on foot rather than by bus or car.before leaving our classroom，we must make sure the lights and the computers are switched off.we should turn off the tap after we wash our hands.in order to make full use of paper，we should write on both sides.besides，while shopping，we should no longer use plastic bags but carry environmentally friendly shopping bags.however，a great number of students thought it can not come true，because it is so difficult to do that，and we are all very busy with our studying or working.when we go out by car，we can save much time，and improve efficiency.in my opinion，we should promote energysaving emission reduction.二、当今，微博已越来越多地为人们所接受，青少年也不例外。它在他们的日常生活中已经成为一种时尚，但过度使用会浪费时间、精力和金钱。请根据下图提示，用英语写一篇短文，描述图片所示现象加以分析，并谈谈个人对此的观点(至少两点)。注意：1.词数120左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。2可参照图示及上面的说明作必要的想象和发挥，但不要逐句作简单翻译。参考词汇：微博microblog；时尚voguemicroblog，as its name indicates，is a kind of blog，which differs from a traditional blog in that its content is typically smaller in size._参考范文microblog，as its name indicates，is a kind of blog，which differs from a traditional blog in that its content is typically smaller in size.now it is popular among adults，teenagers as well，for this platform mostly appeals to young students appetite and has become a symbol of vogue.with a computer or a cell phone you can text whatever you like，and immediately people who are concerned about you may receive it.not only can you respond to it immediately and respectively but also you can type some words in reply to them if you are interested.by this means teenagers find fun of life in their spare time and get help to relieve the pressure from study.also it is said to enable students and teachers to build up a better relationship.my point of view is that we should not be engaged in playing it because we cant afford that time or energy.also its very hard to control the information we get.as the saying goes，“the water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up”三、假设你是李华，你的笔友jack来信告诉你他想和几个同学开一家网上书店，想征求你的意见。请根据以下要点给jack写一封回信。1好处：可以学会理财及与人沟通，自己看书更方便等；2劣势：占用比较多的时间，经验不足，市场把握不好等；3提出建议。注意：1.词数120左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。dear jack，i was very happy to receive your letter telling me about your plan of opening an online bookstore with some classmates._best wishes!yours，li hua参考范文dear jack，i was very happy to receive your letter telling me about your plan of opening an online bookstore with some classmates.it would be a great idea because you can learn how to manage money and how to communicate with others effectively.besides，it will be easier for you to read new books so that you can learn more.however，opening an online bookstore will take up a lot of your spare time.apart from this，you have little experience in the field and if you dont know what books are in demand，you may lose some money.i think you should do some research first and learn how to run an online bookstore.whats more，youd better do the business during holidays.im looking forward to hearing from you again.best wishes!yours，li hua四、下面是美国中学生catherine给你写的一封信。请你根据所给内容写一封120词左右的回信，内容必须包括：1对她的感谢作出符合英美习惯的礼貌答复；2回答她提出的问题；3你的愿望并再次邀请她来中国。internationalcommunity schoolwashington statethe usaaugust 6,2012dear luo lin，im writing to express my thanks to you and your parents for your great kindness and help during my stay at your home while in china to join in the chinese bridge activities.it was a very good time that ill never forget.besides，your beautiful campus as well as the students high spirits in study are also deeply impressed in my memory.can you tell me why you work so hard at your lessons？and how do you usually relax yourselves after study?welcome to my home in washington state some day.give my best regards to your parents!affectionately yours，catherine参考范文dear catherine，thanks for your letter.im very glad that you feel it a good time to stay in my family during your stay in china for the chinese bridge activities.its very kind of you to praise my family for the little we did for you.i，on behalf of my parents，sincerely expect you to come to china again.as you know，were living a happy school life.we are all in high spirits in study because we know were studying for our own future as well as for our country.but actually we sometimes feel tired after hard work，so we often take some sports and games after study to relax ourselves，or take part in some campus interest groups activities.best wishes!yours sincerely，luo lin五、假设你是你校学生会主席，请给你校高三学生发一则通知。内容包括：1an english party with some students from new zealand；2show them around the city at the weekend；3a journey to the oriental greenland together.参考范文noticeto welcome the visiting students from new zealand，the students union plans to hold an english party inviting all senior 3 students.the party will be held at the weekend with complimentary snacks and drinks.after the party，we should encourage our fellow students to show the visitors around the city.most of our visitors have been here for the first time and cannot speak chinese.your companio