高考英语考前语法梳理 状语从句素材.doc

状语从句序号知识要点已掌握需巩固1as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。意为”当时，一边一边，随着”。sometimes i watch tv as i am having breakfastthey sang as they danced at the party.as the day went on, the weather got worse.注意：with也有“随着”的意思，但它是介词，其后不能跟句子。2when的用法（1）当(2)就在那时（3）在情况下，既然(4)本该而却when常用于以下句型中：was/were doingwhen（正在做这时） was/were about to dowhen（正要做这时）was/were on the point of doingwhen(刚要做这时) had just donewhen.(刚一就)hardly/scarcely haddonewhen(刚一就)3while的用法(1)当，在时候(主从句试题)(2)趁着(3)而(4)虽然（句首）4as的用法(1)当，一边一边(2)随着（3）因为，由于（4）像，按照（4）asas (5)虽然（倒装结构）（6）定语从句中用法（见定语从句）5as作“像”按照、像”平衡句子结构用法：he sings well, as do many of his colleagues. 6its/ has been +段时间+sincedid (动词为短暂性，句子是顺译及延续性时，句子是倒译)7it was +时间点+when（当的时候时间是） it was 5 am when we arrived at the village.it was/will be+时间段+before(过了才) it was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again.it is /has been +时间段+since（自从以来有）8引导时间状语从句的名词性短语等：the day/week/year; the first time /last time/next time/every time/by the time；immediately/directly/instantly+从句;the moment/the instant/the minute+从句？hardly/scarcely/barely when; no sooner than hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan这一结构的时态搭配：hardly/scarcely与no sooner引导的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而when与than引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。如果hardly, scarcely, no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。9notuntil还有强调式和倒装式： 强调句：it is not until he returns home that she will go to bed. 倒装句：not until he returns home will she go to bed. 注：till一般不放在句首，也不用在以上强调句和倒装句中。10时间、条件、让步状语从句中的主将从现（时态），从句中可用一般现在时或现在完成时；11引导地点状语从句：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere12注意区分where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句. 如引导的是定语从句，则前面一定有地点名词作为先行词。13because/ since/ as/ for 的区别：because表直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句；since 表示人们已知的事实，不需强调的原因，常放在句首；as 表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱，常译成由于。for作并列连词, 常用来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据, 前面常带逗号, 且位于句中。as you didnt turn up at yesterdays get-together, we missed you very muchit must have rained last night, for the ground is wet除了状语从句外，一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，如because of, thanks to, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of等。表原因的连词还有：now that；in that；seeing that；given (that)；considering (that)14so/suchthat和so/suchas的区别（见语法复习之定语从句）.it is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.(结果状语从句)it is such an advanced theory as few people understand(定语从句)15so + adj./adv. + thatso + adj. + a/an + 单数名词+ thatso + many much few little +n. + that such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词+ thatsuch + adj. + 复数名词或不可数名词+ that16the same.as与the samethat区别（见定语从句）the same place where.（先行词place在从句中充当地点状语）17so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别so that引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语部分常有can, could, may, might, will, would；引导结果状语从句时，从句的谓语部分一般没有这类词。they started early so that they might arrive in time. he made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost.18条件状语从句常见连词：if, unless, as/so long as(只要) , on condition that（条件是） , in case(万一) , for fear that (唯恐), providing/provided that（倘若，在条件下）, suppose /supposing that（假如，如果有）, the+比较级， the+比较级。19关注before, after用法：介词用法before/after doing(being done);连词用法before/after+句子20as if/ though引导的方式状语从句陈述及虚拟；as if/though +doing /done /to do /adj. / pp.等结构；从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也可用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。he looks as if/as though he had been hit by lightning.(与事实相反，用虚拟语气)it looks as if/ as though the weather may pick up very soon. (可能性较大，用陈述语气）21no matter +疑问词，（如：no matter what, no matter when, no matter where,）用来引导让步状语从句。疑问词+ever (如：whatever, whoever, whichever,)既可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句，它们之间可转换。22引导让步状语从句的连词有：1.though, although, while, even if, even thoughalthough，while常位于句首, though既可用于正常语序，也可用于倒装结构2. as引导让步状语从句，从句部分用倒装语序。句型为：形容词副词名词（不带冠词）动词（原形）+ as +主语+ 其他表示让步还可用介词短语despite或in spite of 或for a