裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第53课.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Lesson 53 Hot snake 触电的蛇【New words and expressions】（13） hot adj. 带电的，充电的 fireman n. 消防队员cause v. 引起； n. 原因 examine v. 检查accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地 remains n. 尸体，残骸wire n. 电线 volt n. 伏特（电压单位）power line 电力线 solve v. 解决mystery n. 谜（无法接受地, 解释不了的）snatch v. 抓住 spark n. 电火花一單詞講解： hot adj. 带电的，充电的同義詞fiery, flushed, burning, steaming反義詞cold, cool, frigid, icy 變化形 形變hotterhottesthothottedhottedhotting（1）熱的、炎熱的 （反義詞cold） hot water ； hot weather ； a hot day eg：Strike while the iron is hot . 趁熱打鐵.(諺)勿錯失良機。hot 炎熱的 warm 溫暖的 cool 涼爽的 chilly寒冷的 cold 寒冷的、嚴寒的（2）（調味品等） 辣的eg：Pepper and mustard are hot . 胡椒和芥末都是辣的. （3） 強烈的、激烈的、熱烈的have a hot temper 怒a hot debate 激烈的討論get hot on rock music 熱衷搖滾樂（4）（新聞等）最新的 ，剛發生的、剛到達的hot news on the election results 選舉的結果的最新消息a magazine hot from the press 剛出版的雜誌a young man hot from school 剛從學校踏出社會的年輕人be hot on sb 迷戀某人、愛慕某人be in hot water 惹上麻煩、陷入困境(受辱)get / run into trouble 遇到麻煩a hot potato 棘手的問題、燙手山芋get hot under the collar 怒氣沖衝的；局促不安 fireman n. 消防队员同義詞fire fighter, fire extinguisher, fire tender變化形 名複 firemenfireplace faipleis n.壁爐 firework faiw:k n.爆竹,(常 pl.)煙火fire-water消防用水 ； fire-fighter救火員firehouse消防隊 fire station消防站fireproof faipru:f adj. 耐火的, 防火的 vt. 使耐火, 使防火fire-raising n. 放火、縱火 cause v. 引起； n. 原因; 起因CU(+of)同義詞motive, reason, occasion, basis反義詞result, consequence, effect, outcome變化形 名複causes 變化形 動變causedcausedcausing（1）v. 引起、導致eg：A cigarette caused the forest fire . 香煙引起的森林大火。eg：What caused his sickness ？是什麼使他生病? an accident caused by carelessness 由於粗心大意而導致事故。B result from A B是由A導致的A cause B A lead to B A contribute to B A result in B A start B A bring about B A導致B； A是原因B是結果（2） n.理由eg：You have no cause for complaint . 你沒有理由發牢騷。eg：Dont be late without cause . 不要無故遲到。 Dont be late without good cause .（3）n. 原因、起因eg：What was the cause of his sickness ？是什麼導致他的病？ find out the cause 查出原因 examine v. 检查、細查; 診察同義詞inspect, observe, study, consider變化形 動變examinedexaminedexamining（1） 仔細觀察、檢查、調查look at carefully in order to learn about or from , inspect closely 仔細觀察、檢查、調查之意eg：The firefighters examined every inch of the forest . 消防隊員仔細檢查森林。examine facts 檢查事實 ； examine a theory 剖析(理論、事件等) examine an evidence 調查證物（2） v.診察 inspect closely to check for disease eg：The doctor examined his patient carefully . 醫生耐心仔細檢查他的病。（3） v.考試、測試examine students in English 考學生的英語examiner 主考人 examinee 應考者exam n.考試 ； examination n. 考試examine v. 考試、檢查 example n. 例子 ； for example 比如說 accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地accidental adj. 意外的、偶然的happening unexpectedly or by chance 意外或偶然發生反義詞 intentional intennl a.故意的，有意(識)的an accidental meeting with a friend 偶然遇到一位朋友.an accidental death 意外死亡accident （1） n.（u） 事故、意外a car / road / traffic accident 汽車 /道路/交通 意外（2） 機遇、命運、造化 （chance 、fortune）by chance 偶然，碰巧 by accident accidentally eg：I found a gold mine by accident / accidentally / by chance .我 意外/意外/偶然 發現了一個金礦。 remains n. 尸体，残骸remain（1） v. 留下、剩下、遺留 （不再用進行時態）eg：After the fire , nothing remained in my house . 火災發生後，我的房子什麼都沒有留下。eg：If you take 3 from 8 , 5 remains . 8減去3剩5。eg：Much remains to be done . 要做的事還很多。eg：Whats done is done Let bygones be bygones . 木已成舟（2）v. 仍是、保持不變eg：He remained silent . 他仍是保持沉默eg：After the quarrel , they remained the best of friends .爭吵之後，他們仍然是最好的朋友。remains （1）n. 剩餘物、殘餘物 the remains of a meal 殘羹剩飯（2）（古建築物）遺址、廢墟 the remains of Yuanmingyuan 圓明園遺址 （3） n. 遺體、遺骸eg：The remains of Chairman Mao were kept well in a crystal coffin .毛主席的遺體被良好保存在水晶棺。 wire n. 电线、金屬線, 金屬絲CU同義詞telegraph, cable, fasten, tie變化形 名複wires 變化形 動變wiredwiredwiring（1） n. 电线、金屬線,eg：He tied a basket to the bicycle with a piece of wire . 他用一條鐵絲綁一個籃子在自行車上。telephone wires 電話線 ； barbed wire 有刺的鐵絲（2）（美口） 電報send a wire 發電報 receive a wire 接電報be on wires be all on wires 興奮、坐立不安under the wire 勉強來得及 wireless adj. 無線的 ； wireless telegraphy 無線電報 volt n. 伏特（电压单位）；變化形 名複voltsvoltage vultid n.電壓 、伏特數 power line 电力线power （1） 電力、動力electric power 電力； atomic power 原子動力 ； water power 水力（2） 力、能力brain power 智力； the power of hearing 聽力（3） 權力、支配力、勢力 political power 政治權力eg：The dictator held absolute power over his people . 這個獨裁者對他的百姓有絕對的權力。not within ones power beyond ones power 超出某人的能力、能力不足eg：It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works. 想要了解計算機如何工作，這是超出我的能力所能及的。come to power come into power 得勢、掌權 solve v. 解决 work out 同義詞answer, explain, unriddle, decipher變化形 動變solvedsolvedsolvingsolve a question / problem / puzzle / crime / mystery 解決一個 問題 /難題/益智/破案/揭開一個迷題eg：We must solve the economic crisis . 我們必須解決經濟危機。solution slu:n n.解決；解答，解決辦法；溶液a solution for / to a trouble 紛爭的解決eg：It took a long time to find the solution . 花了很長的時間來尋找解決辦法。 mystery n. 谜（无法接受地, 解释不了的）同義詞problem, puzzle, riddle, secret 變化形 名複mysteriesthe mystery of life生命的奧秘eg：His disappearance is a mystery. 他的失踪是個謎。an air of mystery 神秘氣氛eg：The murder is wrapped in mystery . 謀殺籠罩於神秘之中可做定語修飾名詞：a mystery guest / visitor 神秘的來客 ； a mystery tour 神秘之旅mystery mistri n.神秘(性)，神秘的人(或事物)riddle ridl n.謎(語)；難題 vt.篩；把弄得處處穿孔puzzle pzl v.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.謎；難題 snatch v. 抓住同義詞seize, grasp, grab, clutch變化形 動變snatchedsnatchedsnatching 變化形 名複snatches（1） v. 搶、奪、攫取 snatch up 抓起、奪取eg：The thief snatched her bag and ran away . 小偷搶走她的提包逃跑了。eg：He snatched at the paper as his mother was about to see it . 母親正要看報紙，他搶了過來。（2） v.（趁機） 迅速取得，急急忙忙吃完飯snatch a sleep on a busy day 在忙碌的日子偷閒小睡snatch a kiss 出其不意地吻 snatch snt 迅速而有力（粗魯地）抓住、搶 snatch a chance 抓住機會 grab grb vt.抓取；抓住 n./ vi.(at)抓(住)，奪(得)（熱切而拼命地抓住） grab sth from sb grab sth form sth grasp （1） 抓住或咬住、抓緊 grasp a chance 抓住機會 （2） 掌握 grasp a language 掌握一門語言 hold 抓住、握住、托住take / catch / get hold of 抓住，捉住 spark n. 电火花（切斷電流而產生） 同義詞flash, gleam, glimmer 變化形 名複sparks變化形 動變sparkedsparkedsparkingstrike a spark from a flint 用燧石打出火花a shower of sparks 如陣雨般（大量的）火星、火花 a bright spark 活潑而聰明的年人a bright apple a wise apple 驕傲的年輕人二Key structures： 現在完成進行時1. 一般過去時：強調過去某時間發生完的動作或者處於的狀態，搭配一個 明確的過去時間2. 現在完成時構成：have / has + v.-ed 強調過去某時一動作對現在存在的影響或者是這個動作一直延續到現在還可能再延續下去。3. 現在完成進行時：強調過去動作對現在產生的影響，強調一直在進行著，一直發生著構成：have / has been + doing eg：I stayed at this hotel five years ago . （一般過去時） eg：Have you ever stayed at this hotel ？（現在完成時） eg：I have been staying at this hotel for 3 weeks .（現在完成進行時） 現在完成進行時：1.表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續到現在或離現在不遠的時間。多用於延續性動詞，如：live , learn , lie , stay , sit , wait , stand , wrest rest v.& n.擰；敲詐；強取 , study 等；並且長和一些時間狀語：all this time , this week , this moth , all night , all the morning , recently 等狀語以及since和 for 所引導的狀語短語或從句連用。eg：What have you been doing all this time . 你一直在做什麼? eg：He is ill . Hes been lying in the bed for 3 weeks. 他病了,已經臥床3個星期了。2. 現在完成進行時和一切進行時態一樣也可以代有感情色彩。eg：Too much has been happening today . 今天發生太多事了eg：Fiddlesticks ！who has been telling you such stuff .胡說！誰已經告訴你這樣的東西。 fiddlesticks fidlstiks int. 胡說 such stuff 這樣的東西Exercise：用正確實態填空：At last firemen have put （put） out a big forest fire in California . Since then , they have been trying （try）to find out how the fire began （begin）. Yesterday the firemen examined （examine）the ground carefully , but were not （not be） able to find any broken glass .They were （be） also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start （not start）the fire.【Text】What caused the fire?At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.三課文講解： At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. 消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火. California 又名 Golden State Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.从那时起, 他们一直试图找出起火的原因.Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起.broken glass 破碎的玻璃a broken heart 一顆破碎的心 ；a broken glass 被打破的玻璃杯a broken promise 違約，食言 ； a broken marriage 破裂的婚姻a broken home 破裂的家庭 cigarette ends 煙頭come to an end 結束eg：The meeting came to an end at midnight . 會議開到半夜才結束make both ends meet 勉強維持生計, 使收支相抵 throw away 扔掉，拋棄；錯過(機會)，浪費(金錢等)throw to vt. 向 . 投eg：He throw the ball to me and I caught it . 他把球給我，我接住了。throw at 向 . 扔去eg：The boy throw a stone at the window and broke it .這個男孩扔一塊石頭向窗戶，窗戶破了 Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass.昨天, 消防队员仔细查看了地面, 但未能发现碎玻璃. were not able to could not 未能 They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. 他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的.be sure that be quite sure that quite kwait ad.相當eg：Are you quite certain about that ？這事你能肯定嗎? quiet kwait a.輕聲的；安靜的 n.安靜 v.(使)安靜eg：The class kept very quiet during the lesson .quite kwait ad.實際上，確實；完全，十分eg：She was quite alone . 她的確獨自一人quite 事實上，非常eg：It was quite a bargain . 這是相當划算 bargain b:ginn.特價商品；協議，交易 vi.討價還價quite 相當,頗eg：Shes a quite good actress . 她是一個相當不錯的演員eg：The jacket is quite good . 這件夾克是相當不錯start the fire 引起火災eg：We started on our journey . 我們開始我們的旅程。eg：Our school started at 8：50. 我們學校 8:50開始上課Eg：He hasnt started in / on writing his next play yet .start to do sth 開始做某事 主語為物 start為進行時態 後面的動詞do表示內心活動eg：A strong wind started to blow .一陣強風吹起eg：She is starting to prepare lunch .start doing sth 開始(某工作);著手做某事 eg：He usually starts studying at 8 at home .在家裡他通常在8點開始時讀書eg：He started to understand . 他開始明白This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. 然而今天上午, 一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因.cause區別cause與 reason：cause n. 直接導致行為或事件發生的原因，即”起因”reason n. 解釋某事為甚麼發生的理由或藉口cause vt. 使發生，導致，引起reason vt./vi. 評理、勸說（常與 with , into , out of 連用） eg：Do you know the cause of the fire？你知道火災的原因嗎? eg：This is the reason why he left . 這是他離開的原因eg：What caused the fire？是什麼導致了火災?eg：I reasoned with him for hours , but I couldnt persuade him to change his mind .我勸他幾個小時，但我沒能說服他改變了主意 reasoned with him 勸說他reason sb into doing sth talk sb into doing sth 勸某人 做某事 reason sb out of（doing） sth 勸某人 別做某事 talk sb out of （doing） sthHe noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.他发现了缠绕在16, 000伏高压线上的一条死蛇. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. 就这样, 他解开了起火之谜.The explanation was simple but very unusual.解释很简单, 却异乎寻常. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来, 然后把它扔到了电线上.snatched up sth from the ground 把从地上抓起来 drop vt.使落下、使掉落eg：She dropped the vase on the floor .drop vi.eg：The teapot dropped out of her hand . 茶壺從她手上落下來fall vi 掉下 、跌倒eg：He fell down the stairs and broke his leg . 他從樓梯上摔下，摔斷了腿eg：The book fell from the table to the floor .eg：Prices fell . Prices dropped . 價格下跌了 The snake then wound itself round the wires.于是蛇就缠住了几根电线.wound round wound around eg：Vines often wind around a post or a tree .藤蔓常繚繞在柱子或樹木上eg：I wind this clock every day . 我每天給時鐘上發條eg：Does this watch wind automatically ？ 這錶是自動上弦的嗎？ wind wind, waind n.風；氣息 v.繞，纏；(給)上發條 automatically :tmtikli ad.自動地；無意識地 When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.当它这样做时, 把火花送到了地面, 这些火花立刻引起了一场大火. start a fire cause a fire 引起了一场大火四Exercise：1.The firemen have been examining the ground a yesterday .a. since b. for