高二英语 虚 拟 语 气 课件 人教版.ppt

虚拟语气 subjunctivemood 考点回顾 1 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用2 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用3 虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用4 虚拟语气在表语从句与同位语从句中的使用5 虚拟语气在方式状语从句中的使用6 虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的使用7 虚拟语气在让步状语从句中的使用8 虚拟语气表祝愿或愿望 高考例题 1 1984年高考 iftherewerenosubjunctivemood english mucheasier a willbeb wouldhavebeenc couldhavebeend wouldbe答案 d 2 1987年高考 thejudgeorderedthatthethief punished a wouldbeb shouldbec wastobed mustbe答案 b 3 1991年高考 withoutelectricityhumanlife quitedifferenttoday a isb willbec wouldhavebeend wouldbe答案 d 4 1993年高考 ifhe he thatfood luckily hewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnottakeb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavewarned hadnottaken答案 b 5 1995年高考 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken答案 c 6 2000上海 ifonlyhe quietlyasthedoctorinstructed hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow a liesb layc hadlaind shouldlie答案 c 7 2001年上海春招 hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe agoal a hadscoredb scoredc wouldscored wouldhavescored答案 d 8 2005年天津卷14 i havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened a shouldn tb couldn tc mustn td needn t答案 b 课本定位 1 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 见课本p170页 2 定义 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 考点详解 概括总说 虚拟语气由于说话人意图的不同 动词需用不同的形式 称为语气 英语有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 1 陈述语气 陈述事实 heisaboy heisveryhandsome 2 祈使语气 提出命令 请求等 pleasecomein keepquiet please becareful 3 虚拟语气 表示主观愿望和假设虚拟的情况 iwishiweremuchyounger ifhecameherenow wewouldbeveryhappy 虚拟语气是英语的一种特殊的动词形式 它所表达的意义丰富多彩 在句中可以表示某种假设 愿望 建议 要求 请求 命令 猜测等 虽然近几年高考试题中也很少出现单独考查虚拟语气的题目 但在完形填空和阅读理解题中经常会碰到 给考生在理解上造成困难 因此掌握虚拟语气是很重要的 考点精讲 一 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 条件从句 if从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 未来 过去时 were 过去完成时 would could should might v 原 would could should might have p p 1 过去时2 should v 3 weretodo would could should might v 原 二 虚拟语气特殊句型 wish的宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 were 过去完成时 would could might v should iwishiwereabird 现在 iwishihadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 将来 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 iwouldratheryoupaidmenow iwouldratheryouhadgone too don tcome iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3 asif though clause 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 helooksasifheweredrunk theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson itseemsthatitwerespring irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 it s about high time that should v 过去时 你该走了 我们该去睡觉了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyouweregoing it shightimethatyoushouldgo it stimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句 常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 即1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 6 without和butfor构成虚拟 butfor要不是withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework withoutyourhelp iwouldhavefailed butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 7 ifonly 要是就好了ifonlyiknewhisname ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus ifonlyihadn tmissedthetrain 8 it snecessary strange natural important that clause从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty it snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 9 某些简单句的固定句型 heavenhelphim godblessyou mayyousucceed longlivethepeople srepublicofchina 三 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点 1 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致 叫做错综条件虚拟语气 主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶 iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 2 假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中有should were had三个助动词可以把if省略 并将这三个词提至句首 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveitup wereiyou iwouldgiveitup ifitwerenotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties wereitnotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties ifihadhadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain hadihadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo 3 含蓄虚拟条件句指的是假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来 而是通过一个介词短语 或通过上下文来表示 wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkintimewithoutyourhelp iwasillyesterday otherwiseiwouldhaveattendedthemeeting butforthestorm weshouldhavearrivedearlier 专项练习 parta1 theboyacted hehadneverlivedincanadabefore a asthoughb evenifc asd since2 tothedoctorrightaway hemighthavebeenalive a ifhewentb werehegonec shouldhehavegoned hadhegone3 ifyouwereolder i youtogothereyesterday a willallowb shouldallowc wouldhaveallowedd hadallowed4 thesecretarysuggestedthatthey themeninatonce a hadbroughtb shouldhavebroughtc broughtd bring5 iwishi abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight a wasb werec hadbeend shouldbe partb6 ifwe heretenminutesearlier we thebus arrived wouldcatchb arrived wouldhavecaughtc hadarrived hadcaughtd hadarrived wouldhavecaught7 ifi moretime iwouldhavegonewithhim a hadb hadhadc havehadd wouldhave8 hewasverybusyyesterday otherwisehe tothemeeting a wouldcomeb camec wouldhavecomed hadcome9 thejadeemperororderedthatthemonkeyking rightaway wouldbearrestedb mustbearrestedc bearrestedd hadtobearrested10 jane suncleinsisted inthishotelanylonger a notstayingb nottostayc thathenotstayd stayingnot partc11 heinsistedthatweall inhisofficeatoneo clock a beb tobec wouldbed shallbe12 helencouldn tgotofranceafterall that stoobad i msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif a she sgoneb she llgoc she dgoned she dgoimustgothereearlier johnhassuggestedthati anhourbeforethediscussionbegins a gob shallgoc willgod wouldgo14 ifherhusbandhadnotlikedthedress a shewouldbedelightedb hewouldgetmadc shewouldhavereturneditd shemusthavetakenitbacktothestore15 ifi you i worry a were wouldn tb was wouldn tc been wouldhaved be would partd16 we delightedifthereport true a were wereb shallbe werec shouldbe wered were wouldbe17 ifhe here he you a hadbeen wouldhavehelpedc wouldhavebeen shouldhavehelpedb were hadhelpedd wouldhavebeen wouldhadhelped18 ifi sobusy