高一英语任务型阅读专项训练.doc

高一英语任务型阅读专项训练一请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Paul Neal Adair was born in Houston, Texas in nineteen fifteen. While growing up, he became known as Red Adair because his hair was bright red. As a young man, Red Adair dropped out of high school to help support his family. He worked as a laborer for several different companies. In nineteen thirty-eight, Adair got his first oil-related job with the Otis Pressure Control Company. During World War Two, Adair served on a trained army team that removed and destroyed bombs. After the war, he returned to Houston and took a job in putting out fires in oil wells for fourteen years. But in nineteen fifty-nine, Adair started his own company. During his thirty-six years in business, Red Adair and his crews battled more than two thousand fires all over the world. Some were on land. Others were on ocean oil-drilling structures. Some fires were in burning oil wells. Others were in natural gas wells. Putting out oil well fires can be difficult, but Red Adair developed modern methods to extinguish and cover burning oil wells. They became known in the industry as Wild Well Control techniques. In addition to explosives, the techniques involved large amounts of water and dirt. Adair also developed special equipment made of bronze metal to help extinguish(熄灭) oil well fires. Needless to say, Red Adair was a leader in this specialized and extremely dangerous profession. Red Adair was known for not being afraid. He was also known for his sense of calm and safety. None of his workers were ever killed while putting out oil well or gas fires. He described his work this way: It scares you - all the noise, the rattling, the shaking. But the look on everyones face, when you are finished and packing, it is the best smile in the world; and there is nobody hurt, and the well is under control. Red Adair had spent his seventy-sixth birthday in Kuwait working side by side with his crew. When asked when he might retire, he told reporters: Retire? I do not know what that word means. As long as a man is able to work, and he is productive out there and he feels good keep at it. Red Adair died in two thousand four. He was eighty-nine years old. At his funeral, many family members and friends honored him by wearing red clothes. Many Americans regard Red Adair as a hero. He lived his life on the edge of danger. He was known for his willingness to risk his own life to save others. Title: Red Adair and his dreamAdairs experience Young Adair(1)_high school to support his family and got his first oil-related job. During World War Two, Adair served on a trained army team After the war, he took a (2)_in putting out fires in oil wells.Fourteen years later, Adair started his own company. Adairs (3)_Adair and his crews battled more than two thousand fires all over the world. Adair developed new methods and special (4) _to deal with oil well fires. Adair was a (5)_ in the dangerous profession (6) for Adairs successRed Adair was known for his (7)_.(8)_stop working as long as one is able to work.Judgment on AdairHe is a hero in peoples eyes because he is (9)_to save others at the cost of his own (10)_ .二请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Day after day you are glued to your computer screen. You cannot get enough of online games, net shopping or cyber surfing. Your social life gets worse, and so does your health. Chances are that you are addicted to the Internet and you need counseling. On November 8, an Internet Addiction Disorder(IAD)diagnostic manual(诊断手册)was approved by a group of psychologists in China, who agreed that Internet addiction is a mental disease. According to a report on X, the manual for the first time gives a clear time standard for diagnosing IAD, saying that surfing the Internet for more than six hours a day, not for the purpose of studying or working, and having done so for less than three months, might be a symptom of IAD. Addiction symptoms vary Besides the long online time, some other symptoms would also help doctors diagnose IAD patients, such as having a strong desire for the Internet and feeling physical discomfort, becoming easily angry, being unable to concentrate on things or finding it difficult to sleep if unable to get online. Apart from these conditions, other symptoms are also listed in the manual. If a net surfer cannot get out of the virtual world of Web games, which has already affected his/her capability to study or work, or he/she feels little interest in doing anything but jumping online or is afraid to communicate with others, he/she is also considered to be an IAD sufferer. According to the World Health Organization, mental disease sufferers have two major characteristics: they bring suffering to both themselves and their families, and their abilities to be involved in social activities are affected.Mental illness stigma(污名) However, it has resulted in a backlash(反对) from the public, due to the fact that mental disease is a very sensitive term to Chinese. Many netizens dropped comments expressing their doubts about the manual, saying that they could not accept they might be suffering from mental illness just because they spent too much time on the Internet. Experts said there is a misunderstanding of the manual. Explaining that IAD sufferers are not “crazy people”, they call on society at large to change their understanding of mental disease. Mental disease covers a wide range of psychological or behavioral problems, such as depression.New solution to Internet AddictionInformation about IADProblem:Internet addiction makes your social life and (1) get worse.(2) for diagnosing IAD:Internet addiction is a (3) disease when you surf the Internet more than six hours a day for less than three months not to (4) or work. (5) addiction symptomsYou are:eager to surf the Internet, physically uncomfortable, easy to be angry, unable to concentrate or (6) to sleepunable to get out of the (7) world of Web games, not (8) in doing anything else or afraid to communicate with others Opinions on Mental illness Many netizens regard mental disease as a very (9) term.Expert think that right (10) of mental disease is necessary because it covers a wide range.三请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。 “I have been impressed with the urgency of doing. Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Being willing is not enough; we must do.” - Leonardo da Vinci Ive worked in a few offices where the paperwork, endless meetings, and other bureaucracy (官僚作风)was ridiculous. Here are some ideas to get to the action and cut out the bureaucracy: 1. Know what you want to get done. Often bureaucracy happens when people focus on processes and forget about what the end result should be. Where are you trying to go? Find the shortest way to get there, rather than making things complex. 2. Dont forget your priorities(重点). Keep in mind the important work your company or organization does. It almost certainly isnt paperwork or meetings (with a few exceptions, possibly). For many employees, the real work will be something else: writing articles, designing, making calls, etc. 3. Cut out processes. Are there steps and work that people have to do that can be eliminated(剔除) altogether? Keep an eye out for these processes and eliminate when possible. Every time someone is doing something routine, ask whether its really necessary. 4. Dont put off decisions. When a decision is required, try to make it quickly. Make sure you have all necessary information, know what standard youre using to make the decision, and then make the decision immediately. Have the information you need ready. If you dont have information, you cant make decisions properly. This is often the reason people put off decisions, but they dont always realize it. 5. Look for action-oriented people. When hiring or selecting a team, look for people who get things done. Give them a trial and see if they tend to focus on actions and decision, or processes and paperwork. Action-oriented people will get things done more effectively. 6. Reward action. Reward team members as well as yourself for action taken. Rewards could be as simple as praise or as big as a promotion or a bonus to the most action-oriented employees. These rewards tell your company or organization or yourself that action is a top priority.6 Steps to Take Action and Eliminate BureaucracyKnow your goalFind the (1) way to your destination because too much focus on (2) will make things complex.(3) your priorities.Keep in mind the (4) work your company or organization does and focus on that.Cut out processes.Be careful for the (5) processes and eliminate them all together.Dont (6) off decisions.Make urgent decision quickly with all necessary information and the (7) for your action.Look for action-oriented people.Those who tend to (8) on actions can be hired because they can finish things more (9) .Reward action.Reward team members and yourself for action taken with just praise or a (10) or a bonus.四请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Women need to pay attention to their own special risks. And so do men. Surprisingly, even children and teens need to be aware - or at least the parents who want to keep them safe do. Thankfully, scientists have also made great leaps in figuring out the specific prevention strategies that work best for all. So now, knowledge is your best protection. What Men Need to Know According to the American Heart Association (AHA), at least half of the people who die suddenly from heart disease each year had no clue they were sick. Some think that half of all heart attacks strike out of the blue. Not true, insists Jennifer Mieres, a spokeswoman for the AHA. A 2004 study found that at least 90 percent of first heart attacks are caused by well-known problems like high cholesterol or diabetes. If you look closely, says he, youll almost always find a risk factor that was undiscovered, ignored, or not adequately treated. Lifestyle changes like adopting a healthy diet, getting out for regular exercise, avoiding tobacco, losing weight are the first line of defense. What Women Need to Know There are some special considerations for the woman whos healthy and wants to make sure she stays that way. First, she shouldnt smoke-no one should, but the habit is even harder on a womans heart than it is on a mans. Women who find that they are at risk should talk to their doctor about taking a statin(他汀,药物名). Indeed, statins halved the risk of cardiovascular disease, but theres been not enough evidence that they help high-risk women and it cant guarantee the long-term safety. So its worth noting that a healthy diet and exercise also reduce cholesterol(胆固醇)and CRP.What Parents Need to Know Last year, a study showed that obese(肥胖的)children and teens have arteries(动脉)that look like those of an average 45-year-old. New guidelines say these children should get a cholesterol test by age ten - and even urge doctors to consider statins for those most at risk if nothing else works. The recommendations caused oppositions. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise are the best strategy, says Dr. Greer, a professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine. Statins should be considered only for kids in danger.Title: The Family Guide to a Healthy HeartIntroductionWomen, men and (1) should pay attention to their own special risks and keep some basic (2) in mind.What Men Need to KnowSuch problems as high cholesterol or diabetes(3) to most of first heart attacks.They should(4) the lifestyle such as adopting a healthy diet, exercise(5) , avoiding tobacco and losing weight.What Women Need to Know(6) should be avoided which will do more(7) to a womans heart than to a mansStatin cant(8) the long-term safety.A healthy diet and(9) can reduce cholesterol and CRP.What Parents Need to KnowObese children and teens have arteries of an average 45-year-old.Children should change lifestyle without taking statins unless at (10) .五请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Health experts say cancer will become the leading cause of death in the world by the year two thousand ten. The number of people who die from cancer will soon be greater than deaths from AIDS and malaria combined. The experts say more people will die from cancer than heart disease, the current leading killer. One reason for the growing deadliness of cancer is more people smoking cigarettes in developing countries. Other things are believed to be closely related to the death. They include high fat diets, fast food meals and reduced physical activity. The American Cancer Society says governments can do things to help prevent the increase in cancer cases and deaths. One idea is to provide poor and developing nations with vaccines that help to prevent some cancer-causing infections. Another suggestion is more support for tobacco-control programs. And the Cancer Society also says health officials and governments should invest in cancer research and early detection. An American study has shown a link between tobacco smoke and behavioral problems in boys with asthma(哮喘). To be considered for the study, children were supposed to be close to cigarette smoke at least five times a day. His study found the girls were breathing in more tobacco smoke than the boys. But there was no increase in behavioral problems among the girls. For the boys, the results were different. The more contact the boys had with tobacco smoke the more likely they were to have recognizable behavior problems. The boys also were more likely to have signs of emotional problems like anxiety and depression. Their findings show that even low levels of smoke may cause behavior problems in children with asthma or others at risk. Kimberly Yolton was the lead writer of the report. She says there is no information to explain in detail why tobacco smoke causes behavioral problems in children with asthma. But she says there is much evidence that nicotine in tobacco smoke affects the nervous system, and child development and behavior.Cancer to Become Worlds Leading KillerThemeCancer makes more people (1) in the world than other diseases.(2) for the phenomenon More people (3) cigarettes in developing countries.Other things like high fat diets have (4) to do with peoples health. Two (5) for governmentsThey should:(6) poor and developing nations vaccines that help to prevent some cancer-causing infections. (7) tobacco-control programs more and (8) in cancer research and early detection.Results of the Experiment Behavior problems in children with asthma or others at risk can be(9) by low levels of smoke.Nicotine in tobacco smoke has a clear(10) on the nervous system, and child development and behavior.六请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空不超过1个单词。New Year traditions all around the world“Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasnt always January 1 that marked the New Year.At least 4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers fields. This happened at the end of September. The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cycle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days.The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forward and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day.In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnamese custom.Thailand has its