高考英语完形填空解题技巧专题复习课件.ppt

高考英语复习专题 完形填空 完型填空之能力训练目标 词语辨析能力语法结构分析能力语篇理解能力逻辑推理能力文化背景透析能力作者意图剖析能力生活常识综合运用能力 近几年广东完型填空特点 题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章 内容完整 逻辑性强 语言结构严谨 考察近义词语细微差别的辨析 考察重点多为实词 名 代 动词 形容 副词等 关注语境背景知识 侧重上下关联 暗示判断能力 侧重于篇章 体现语用判断和内在逻辑 talesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofbritain inparticular therewas andperhapsstillis abeliefinfairies 仙女 notallofthese21arethefriendly people lovingcharactersthatappearindisneyfilms andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering thisistrueinthetalesaboutthechangeling thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents itwasthen25thatthefairieshadcomeandstolenthebabyawayand26thehumanbabywithafairychangeling thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening hangingaknifeoverthebaby sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended27 however hopewasnotlostevenifthebabyhadbeen28 inthosecasestherewasoftenawaytogetthe29babyback youcould30thechangelingonthefire thenitwouldriseupthechimney andyouwouldhearthesoundoffairies laughterandsoonafteryouwouldfindyourownchildsafeandsoundnearby 完型填空设题特点 高考总体要求完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识 阅读理解能力和总体语言水平 解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测 推断 验证的过程 通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题 briefintroduction 解题方法 总的原则 先完意 后完形 八字方针 上下求索 瞻前顾后 三步曲 读 填 读 完形填空之三步答题 step1skip 跳读 thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence intheclozetest thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence 首句 ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage 完形填空首句不挖空 帮助进入语境 step2rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods 在把握语篇大意的基础上 借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案 discuss whatareyourmethodsofdoingclozetests fourmethods 四种常用的方法 1 context上下文语境2 worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配3 informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息 原词复现 近义词和反义词等 4 culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识 step3readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers 将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查 tips 1 thetenseandthevoice theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate 时态语态 主谓语在上下文的中是否一致 2 grammarandcollocations 语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致 3 theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs 段与段 句与句之间的衔接是否连贯 4 themeaningofthewholepassage 整体上检查结构 语义及逻辑是否一致 上下文的衔接是否合理 完形填空之九大解题技巧 利用首句来解题 ididverybadlyatschool myheadmasterthoughtiwas36andwheniwas14hesaid you renevergoingtobe37 anything butafailure a brightb uselessc simpled hopeful 2 根据上下文语境 合理推断来解题 eg ourfatherwasastruggling36 lawyer butialwaysknewhewas37 henevercriticizedus butused38tobringoutourbest 2005年山东 37 a strictb honestc speciald learned38 a helpb peacec smiled praise practicehisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhist shirtandtrousers althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat edrefusedtobuya44t shirtortoloseweight 2003年全国 43 a caredb forgotc quarreledd joked44 a cleanb straightc largerd darker 3 利用语篇标志解题常见的标志性的词语有以下几种 结构层次 firstly secondly thirdly 逻辑关系 thus therefore so 递进关系 besides what smore further 转折关系 but while however等 shetoldthefront deskclerkshehadhada n vacation butwasheart brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofkodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped a disappointingb wonderfulc uncomfortabled important 4 根据逻辑推理解题 eg andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange quitepleasanttaste a besidesb butc andd or studentsgenerallyappreciatethesespecial50opportunities theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting andprofessors51themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths 50 a workingb livingc teachingd learning51 a holdb likec disliked discover 5 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择 theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld 36 owning springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert a dryb distantc desertedd wild 6 从语法角度来解题 eg iwentintoacaf andaskedforacoffee 21iwaswaitingformydrink irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace butisensed22 loneliness a beforeb sincec althoughd while 7 从词汇辨异和固定搭配方面来解题 1 hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming 1 soheshouldn thavegoneintothatplace 1 a afterallb inallc atalld forall2 soitriedhardwithmywritingandwenttocollege myfirstnovel45whileiwasatcollege 45 a cameonb cameinc cameoutd cameback 8 利用词汇的复现解题例1 thestrangethingwasthatpracticallyallthestudentswenttoclass andveryfewpeoplestayeduplateatnight onlythenewpeoplestayedupor class nmet2000 a attendedb tookc missedd studied 文章中or连接的是并列成分 所以空格中的内容应与上文wenttoclass构成相反的意义 该题属于反义词复现现象 例2 howdoesatoothgobad the51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel 珐琅 coveringofthetooth thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth intheend poisongoesintoblood andwemayfeelquiteill 2002 上海春季招生 51 a destructionb decayc faultd hurt 上文中讲蛀牙如何产生 空51和红体单词在意义上是一致的 属于同义词复现现象 9 利用语气副词的情景解题 iraisedthepistolandfired theanimalfellbackwardswithanangrycry fathertookthe smokingpistolfrommyhand andfiredanothershot whichkilledthegorilla a stillb yetc evend already 完形填空之实战训练 aredreamsofanyusetothedreamerortoanybodyelse wemayrememberthetravelerwho 1 theshipwaratahatdurbanbecauseofhisterrible 2 thewaratahlaterdisappearedentirely witheveryoneon 3 thetraveler sdreamshelpedhimandsavedhimfrom 4 buttheydidn thelptheotherpeople whywasthismantreated 5 fromeveryoneelse 1 a leftb gotc droved enter2 a ideasb suggestionsc dreamsd words3 a boardb shipc sead deck4 a lifeb deathc illnessd disease5 a similarlyb differentlyc strangelyd unfortunately left board death differently dreams anotherman 6 hadadreamabouttheblackforestingermany inhisdreamhewaswalkingintheforest 7 twomenranoutandtriedtothrowhimtothe 8 heranoffasfastashecould buttheyfollowed hereachedaplace 9 hesawtwo 10 roadsinfrontofhim onetotherightandtheothertotheleft whichroadoughtheto 11 6 a aloneb oncec stilld even7 a whileb asc befored when8 a floorb earthc soild ground9 a whichb thatc whered who10 a sameb separatec dividedd crossed11 a takeb bringc carryd go 句型 下文有暗示 宾语 separate where ground when once take heheardthetwomen 12 him gettingnearerandatthesametimeheheardavoiceinhisear ittoldhimtogotothe 13 andhedidso heranonandsooncametoasmallhotel hewas 14 herekindlyandgivenaroom andsohewas 15 fromthetwomen thatwasthedream 12 a nexttob infrontofc besided behind13 a houseb hotelc leftd right14 a acceptedb receivedc refusedd closed15 a killedb murderedc savedd robbed behind right 下文有暗示 received saved 16 a exactlyb reallyc sincerelyd actually17 a happenedb performedc actedd chose18 a forgotb rememberedc missedd noticed19 a arrivedb leftc reachedd got20 a agob beforec laterd after twentyyearslaterhewas 16 intheblackforestandasit 17 inthedreamlongbefore twomenranoutandtriedtothrowhimdown heranoff andcametoaplacewithtworoadsasinthedream he 18 thedreamandtooktheroadtotheright hesoon 19 asmallhotel wastakenin andsowassafe hisdreamoftwentyyears 20 hadsavedhislife really happened remembered reached before 第11题答案 第13题答案 consolidationexercise wouldn titbegreatifwedidn thavetorememberpasswords 密码 everagain ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21loggedin 登录 cravementionshownecsoftbiodelogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontowindows ratherthanusinga22 allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto23yourpc nomore24 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