九年级英语 定语从句全面的定语从句讲解和练习北师大版 课件.ppt

unit4grammar theattributiveclause 定语从句 在主从复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词 起 定语 的作用 修饰说明名词 代词或主句全部内容 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的词叫引导词 定语从句通常放在先行词的后面 1 定语从句的概念 thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher 2 引导词关系代词who whom whose that which关系副词when where why 要做好定语从句有关试题 就得必须理解透 关系词 具有的三种功能 1 引导一个定语从句 在定语从句开头 2 替代 先行词 省去从句中对应的he she it they him her them 3 在定语从句中充当成分 作主语 宾语 定语 状语 关系代词 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 who whom i theprofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromcanada 3 用法 themanwhomybrotherlikesmostisyaoming 2 whom指人 作宾语 themanwhomitalkedtojustnowismr li themantowhomitalkedjustnowismr li themanwhommymothersawinthestreetismyteacher 3 which指物 作主语或宾语 thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear theradio which heisusingismadeinjapan 用法 that指人 物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 aplaneisamachinethatcanfly 用法 readeristhemagazinethatilikemost thegirlthatimetislucy thegirlthatisstandingthereismary whose在定语从句中作定语 表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系 whose多指人 也可指物 指物时可与ofwhich the 互换使用 thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue 用法 sumup 小结 关系词的作用 jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly 先行词和关系词的关系 jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 themachine amachine jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 amachine that which 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayismary her thegirl 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences thegirlismary wesawheryesterday thegirlthat whowesawyesterdayismary imettheboy hecanspeakenglishimettheboywho thatcanspeakenglish haveatry johnistheboy youwrotetohim johnistheboywhom who thatyouwroteto heisthemanager hiscarbrokedownheisthemanagerwhosecarbrokedown heworksintheshoptheshopsellsbooks heworksintheshopthat whichsellsbooks thisisthebook i mlookingforthebook thisisthebookthat whichi mlookingfor marylivesintheroom itswindowfacessouth marylivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth 定语从句高考点例析 考点一 that和which 以下情况 引导词用that 不用which 1 先行词为不定代词everything anything nothing all much little e g finally thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen 2 先行词前有形容词最高级 序数词修饰时 用that e g thisisthebestbook that i veeverread 考点一 that和which 3 先行词被theonly thevery thelast修饰时 用that e g heistheonlypersonthatiwanttoseenow 4 先行词同时指人和指物时 用that e g wetalkedaboutthethingsandthepersonsthatwesawthen 5 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质 概念时 需用that e g aplaneisamachinethatcanfly that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine thisisthefirstbook that hehasread thisistheverybookthatbelongsto 属于 him 1 先行词为everything nothing something anything all much little等不定代词时 2 先行词被all much little every some no any 等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 小结 that与which的区别 5 先行词同时指人和指物 theytalkedaboutthethingsandthepersonsthattheysaw 考点二 连接词which的用法 which引导非限定性定语从句 其先行词可是一个词 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分 e g 1 sheheardaterriblenoise broughtherheartintohermouth a itb whichc thisd that2 theweatherturnedouttobegood wasmorethanwecouldexpect a whatb whichc thatd it bb good 考点三 as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句 有时可以互换 但下列情况多用as 1 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时 e g asweallknow theearthisround 2 当与such或thesame连用时 一般用as e g suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting ihavethesameplanasyou goonplease 3 当从句和主句语义一致时 用as 反之则用which e g shehasmarriedagain aswasexpected 期望 shehasmarriedagain whichwasunexpected goonplease 4 as在从句中作主语时 后面常接行为动词的被动语态 如beknown besaid bereported等 如从句中行为动词是主动语态 一般要用which作主语 但不能放在句子开头 e g shehasbeenlateagain aswasexpected tomhasmadegreatprogress whichmadeushappy tips as 句子开头 asweallknow 词组搭配such as thesame as 上下文意思一致 被动结构 which 句中 上下文意思不一致 correctthesentences 1 i musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin 3 themanwhomispokeisfromcanada 4 july1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget which to the it correctthesentences 5 thestudentwho sbookihadborroweddidn tcometoschooltoday 6 i mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme 7 thosethathaven tbeentothewestlakewillgatherattheschoolgate 8 idon tlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend in who that which whose 注 thewayinwhichthat tips 1 themostimportantthing weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing ihavesaid a which thatb that whichc which whichd that that2 shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersons noneofushaseverheardof a whichb whoc whomd that3 ihaveboughtsuchawatch wasadvertised 登广告 ontv a thatb asc whichd it4 thepresidentmadeaspeech heexpressedhissatisfaction a whichb thatc inwhichd inthat5 iknowthegirl motherisafriendofmine a whoseb whoc whichd ofwhom 巩固练习题 d d b c a 巩固练习题 6 wevisitedafactory makestoysforchildren a whatb whichc inwhichd atwhich7 theman wasafriendofmine a thatyoujusttalkedtob whomyoujusttalkedtohimc whoyoujusttalkedtohimd whichyoujusttalkedto8 thepaper theyarelookingatwasmadehundredsofyearsago a ofwhichb whatc d whose9 theprofessor gaveusatalklastweekhasgonetoamerica a whob whomc whosed which10 doyouknowtheoldlady sonisstudyinginamerica a herb whoc whosed whom b a c a c 高考直通题 2 haveyouseenthefilm titanic leadingactorisworldfamous a itsb it sc whosed which 上海2000 c 3 carolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyoctober personally 个人地 idoubt 怀疑 verymuch a itb thatc whend which nmet1999 d 4 dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherrole 角色 intheplay ofcourse madetheothersunhappy a whob whichc thisd what nmet2000 b a 5 johnsaidhe dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour wastrue a heb thisc whichd who nmet2001 c 1 ismentioned 提及 above thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolsisincreasing 增长 asb whichc thatd it 上海1999 exercises grammar 1 textbookpage26 28 2 workbookpage105 ex 1 page105 grammarex 2 combinethefollowingpairsofsentences usingwho that which 确准先行词 明确其在定语从句中所作的成份 确定关系代词 例句theroadwasdestroyedintheearthquake ithasnowbeenbuiltstronger theroadwhich that hasnowbeenbuiltstrongerwasdestroyedintheearthquake ireallyliketravelling ilikebeautifulplaces ireallyliketravelling totheplaces theplacesarebeautiful ireallyliketravellingtotheplacesthat which arebeautiful homework 1 wb p105grammarex 22 finishofftheexercisesinp27grammarex 2 inthebook correctthesentences 9 thatisthelastplacewheniwanttogoto 10 soontheycametoafarmhouse andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy 11 weheardthenewswhichourteamwonthegame 12 thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable that that 同位语e g thefactthat why 定语从句中缺原因状语 it 并列句 correctthesentences 13 thoseatthedeskwanttobuyticketswritedownyournames 14 thatwasthereasonbecauseshelookedold 15 misschenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulenglishlessonsinourschool 16 taiwan thatweknow belongstochina as who gives why 定语从句中缺原因状语 correctthesentences 17 itistheonlyoneofthebestfilmsthathavebeenshownrecently 18 thethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitishangzhou 19 whichisknowntoall manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky 20 thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous that has as that correctthesentences 21 einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom 22 istillremembertheholidaysistayedwiththem 23 whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory 24 thebikebywhichitravelledwashis 25 whichisthebookwhichshewantstoborrow as that on when 定语从句中缺时间状语