状语从句幻灯片.ppt

Ifthedreamisbigenough thefactsdon tcount 如果梦想远大 就一定可以克服艰难险阻 状语从句在高考中的运用 1 WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet Ifoundmanybeautifulbuildings 2 Wherethereisawill thereisaway 3 Nowthateverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 4 HeistallerthanIam 5 Socleverwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems 时间状从 地点状从 原因状从 结果状从 Revision 状语从句的分类 用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句 并指出是哪种状语从句 比较状从 2 6 youdon tloseheart you llsucceed 7 thesunwasshining itwasn tverywarm 8 Theoldladytreatstheboy hewereherownson 9 I llspeakslowly youcanunderstandme Revision 状语从句的分类 条件状从 让步状从 方式状从 填入适当的连接词 并指出包含哪种状语从句 Aslongas Although asif 目的状从 sothat 3 高三状语从句复习1 时间状语从句 注意 时态一致 主将 从现 4 1 连接词before B 1 Itwas not 时间段 before 过了多久才 不久就 2 Itwill not be 时间段 before 要过多久 不久 就 1 再过2年他就要离开这个国家了 Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry 2 过了不久他就回来了 Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback 5 1 since引导的从句可用延续性或短暂性动词 表示动作状态的完成 自从他离开北京 我就没见过他 IhaveneverseenhimsinceheleftBeijing 2 Itis hasbeen 时间段 since since 瞬间动词过去式 从该动作发生时算起 since 持续性动词过去式 从该动作结束时算起 Itis hasbeentwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy Itistwoyearssincehesmoked 2 连接词 since 6 2 连接词when while as的用法区别 1 while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可是延续 也可是短暂性动词hewaseatinghisbreakfast heheardthedoorbellring Istoppedmycar amancameuptome 不可用while When While When 7 2 表示 随着 一边 一边 用连词as 不用when或whileAstheelectionapproached theviolencegotworse 3 如果主句表示的是短暂动作 而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时 when while与as可互换使用When While AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine 8 1 Itwillbethreedays youseehimagain 2 Itwillbethreeo clock youseehimagain 3 Itisatthreeo clock you llseehimagain 4 Itisthreedays yousawhimlasttime before when that since 填一填 9 4 till与until Helivedwithhisparents hegraduatedfromcollege 2 Not hetoldmedidIknowthetruth 3 Itwas thewarwasoverthathereturnedtohisland till until until notuntil Conclusion 主句为肯定句时 主句的谓语动词应为延续性动词 2 位于句首时 只能用until 不用till 且主句要部分倒装 3 not until可改写为 Itis wasnotuntil that强调句 not until引导的从句 一同置于强调句中 10 5 assoonas themoment theminute theinstant immediately directly instantly hardly when scarcely when nosooner than引导时间状语从句 assoonasIdidn twaitamoment butcameimmediatelyyoucalled ThemomentIheardthevoice Iknewfatherwascoming 11 注意 如果hardly或nosooner或scarcely置于句首 句子必须部分倒装 hadhardly scarcelydone when didhadnosoonerdone than did我刚回到家就开始下雨 HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain 12 2 让步状语从句 1 though although表示 虽然 纵然 之意 不能与but连用 但可以与yet连用although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多 though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后 例如 Although Thoughtheyarepoor yettheyarewarm hearted Shepassedtheexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedveryhard 13 2 evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句 表示 即使 纵然 用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质 I llgetthereevenif thoughIhavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair 14 3 nomatter后接上who what where how等疑问词引导让步状语从句 也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever whatever wherever however等 但在引导名词性从句时只能用wh ever类词 Don ttrusthim whateverhesays Iwilleatwhateveryougiveme Nomatterhowhardtheworkis you dbettertrytodoitwell 15 4as though表示 虽然 但是 纵使 之意 as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现 被倒装的部分可以是表语 状语或动词原形 若表语为单数名词 前置时要省略冠词 though也可用于这样的结构中 但although不可以这样用 例如 Hardas thoughheworks hemakeslittleprogress Thoughheworkshard hemakeslittleprogress 尽管他学习很努力 但几乎没取得什么进步 Thoughhewasachild heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo 虽然他是一个孩子 但他知道该做什么 Childas thoughhewas heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo 16 3 原因状语从句 because for as since nowthat because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是听话人所不知道的 全句强调的重点在原因上 不在主句表示的结果上 Hedidn tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill 2 since和as引导的句子 重点在主句的内容 其原因或理由在说话人看来已很明显 或已为听话人所熟悉 since 相当于汉语的 既然 和as 由于 只是一种附带的说明原因 不是对原因进行强调 Sinceyouarehere whynotstayforafewmoredays Asit sgettingdarker wemustgohomenow 3 for是并列连词 它引导的句子只能后置 表示因果关系时 可以和because换用 但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时 不能用because代替 如 Itmusthaverainedlastnight forthegroundiswet 17 3 下列情况下只能使用because 1 在回答why的问句时 2 在用于强调句型时 Itis wasbecause that 3 被not所否定时 18 4 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常用where wherever等连词引导 Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifferent 19 使用地点状语从句时要注意的问题 注意区分不同从句 引导什么从句 不仅要根据连词 还要据句子结构和句意判别 Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit Idon tknowwherehecamefrom Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid Iamlookingforahousewherehecanlive 地状 宾从 主从 表从 定从 20 1 目的状语从句通常使用的连词有 sothat inorderthat so有否定意义的句式常用lest incase forfearthat来引导 IputdownhisaddressforfearthatIshouldforgetit Theyspokeinwhisperslesttheyshouldbeheard 目的状语从句中一般要有can may could might will would should等情态动词 如 IamgoingtothelectureearlysothatI llgetagoodseat 目的状语从句 Iwenttothelectureearly sothatIgotagoodseat 结果状语从句 5 目的状语从句 21 It s goodabook I vereaditagainandagain Itwas acoldday therewasnobodyonthestreet So修饰单数可数名词时 顺序为 so adj a an n Such可修饰任何名词 当其修饰单数可数名词时 语序为 such a an adj n so such that that 6 结果状语从句 22 7 方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as just as asif though as引导的方式状语从句意为 正如 就像 Airistomanaswateristofish Theytalkedloudlyasifnobodywerearound 23 asif和asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气 但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现 也可用陈述语气 那个老人跑得很快 仿佛就像个年轻人 Theoldmanrunsveryfastasifhewereayoungman 24 8 条件状语从句 1 用if 如果 unless 除非 so aslongas 只要 incase 万一 once onconditionthat 条件是 等词引导2 时态 主将从现IshallnotgotothecinemaunlessIfinishmyhomework 我可以借给你这本书 条件是你能在星期一还我 IwilllendyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnitonMonday 25 易混 易错点unless until1 Ididn tfinishreadingthebook Mumcameback 2 Ican tfinishthework youhelpme 3 Wearegoingtohaveabarbecue itrains A untilB whenC unless结论 until unless unless unless强调条件until强调时间 26 9 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由as as than notso as themore themore等词引导 比较从句部分常是省略句 Themorewecandoforyou thehappierwewillbe 我比他更了解你 Iknowyoubetterthanhedoes 27 连接词 done过去分词Don tspeakuntilspokento Unlessrepaired thewashingmachineisnouse 2 连接词 doing现在分词Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet Shewaitsoutsidethedoorasifwaitingforsomeone 状语从句的省略 在时间和条件等状语从句中 如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致 可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略 3 连词 形容词 其他常见 ifnecessary ifpossible whennecessary ifany等 Ifnecessary Iwillgothere 28 1 如果主从句主语一致 从句中又有 be 时 省略主语和be 2 从句中可省略it be 状语从句的省略 1 Hewasaswimmerwhenhewasstillachild 2 Don tspeakuntilyouarespokento 3 Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone 4 I llbuyaTVsetifitisnecessary 5 Thoughitiscold heworeashirt 29 语法填空 Hewon tcometoourpartyevenif invite Once hear thesongwillneverbeforgotten Unless repair themachineisofnouse Filmhasamuchshorterhistory especiallywhen compare withsuchartformsasmusicandpainting Agirlstoodatthegateoftheschoolasif talk withherteacher invited heard repaired compared talking evenifheisinvited Oncethesongisheard Unlessthemachinedisrepaired especiallywhenfilmiscomparedwith asifthegirlwastalkingwith 30 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况 否定词开头 notuntil so加adj 开头 as though引导的让步状语从句 特别注意 Hardly Scarely when Nosooner than 31 Practice 按要求完成句子 1 Ididn trealizethatshewasafamousmoviestaruntilshetookoffhersunglasses Notuntil 2 Theattackwassosuddenthatwehadnotimetoescape Sosudden 3 Hehadhardlyarrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining Hardly 4 虽然这个故事很美好 但却不是真实的 翻译 Niceasthestoryis itisnottrue shetookoffhersunglassesdidIrealizethatshewasafamousmoviestar wastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape hadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining 32 写作中运用状语从句时的常见错误1 Ididn tgiveup Becausemymotheroftentoldme wherethereisawill thereisaway 2 Sheworkedsohardthatcouldcatchupwithothers 3 Onlywekeepoptimisticcanwesucceed 4 Whenhehesitating amancameuptohim 33 写作中状语从句的几个常见错误 1 Ididn tgiveup Becausemymotheroftentoldme wherethereisawill thereisaway 2 Sheworkedsohardthatcouldcatchupwithothers 3 Onlywekeepoptimisticcanwesucceed 4 Whenhehesitating amancameuptohim because she when was 1 只有从句 没有主句 2 从句中缺少主语 3 缺少从句的连接词 4 从句中的谓语不完整 34 状语从句中常用写作句式操练 句式1 so that 如此 以致于 句式2 The 比较级 the 比较级 越 就越 35 so that 如此 以致于 环境污染非常严重 需要立即采取行动阻止污染 Environmentalpollutionissoseriousthatimmediateactionshouldbetakentostopit Soseriousisenvironmentalpollutionthatimmediateactionshouldbetakentostopit 36 The 比较级 the 比较级 越 就越 正如谚语所说 赠人玫瑰 手有余香 能够帮助别人越多 我越开心 Rosesgiven fragranceinhand Asafamoussayinggoes Rosesgiven fragranceinhand ThemoreIcanhelpothers thehappierIwillbe 37 Doyouliketravelling Staying1 health while2 travel canhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone 3 youaretravellingabroad herearethetipsyouneedtomakeyourtripmuch4 easy Makesureyouhavegotsignedpassport 护照 andvisa Also beforeyougo fillintheemergencyinformation healthy travelling If When While easier 38 pageofyourpassport Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage Thiswillhelpalotifyourpassport5 steal Leaveonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives Carrytheother6 you