高三英语语法倒装句一轮复习.doc

2015届高三英语语法要点精讲 专题 倒装句英语里主语和谓语有两种顺序：一是主语在谓语前，叫自然语序。反之，如果谓语在主语前就是倒装语序，倒装又分全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前，部分倒装是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。一、全部倒装 全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1.there be 句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外,还可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。如：1) There _many students and a teacher in the classroom.教室里有许多学生和一个老师。2) There _ be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。2.Here/There/Now/ Thenvi.（常为come, go）主语（必须是名词）此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是“喂，注意了”。如：Now comes your turn! 该你了Here comes Mary. I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。I can hear the bell ringing.当主语是代词时不用倒装：There he comes.他来了。“Give me some paper.” “Here you are.”“给我点纸。” “给你。”3.out，in，up, down，away之类的副词作状语放在句首，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词，谓语为不及物动词come， go，run ,rush，etc。句式为：副词vi.主语（必须是名词）(若主语是代词，则不能倒装)。如：Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。4such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：Such _their decision他们的决定就是这样。5.介词短语作状语放在句首，谓语为不及物动词.句式为：介词短语vi.主语（必须是名词）。如：In the middle of our school _a high building.在学校中央耸立着一座高楼。6.表语放在句首，表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。句式为：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）。Gone _the days _the teachers were looked down upon.老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。On the both sides of the street _ beautiful flowers.街道两旁有美丽的花。二、部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1.“only副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句”开头的句子。如：Only then _the importance of English.直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。Only in this way_ make progress in your English.只有通过这种方式你学英语才能取得进步。注意：）在only状语从句主句结构中，主倒从不倒。Not until位于句首也一样。A.只有当你意识到英语的重要性你才能学好英语。 B. Not until I began to work _(我才意识到)how much time I had wasted.）only修饰主语，不倒装。Only Tom knows the answer.只有汤姆知道答案。2.否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。表示否定的副词never，nor，neither, 表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的词组:但是in no time.（ ）七个“决不”:by no means / at no time（在任何时候都不），in no way/in no case/on no account/ on no condition/under no circumstances.not only.but also，no sooner.thanhardly.when/scarcely. when 注意：1)关联词的搭配2)前倒，后不倒。（1.Never _ I been in this city.我从没到过这座城市。（2.Little/Seldom _ I watch TV.我很少看电视。（3.( ) No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun（4.她不仅聪明而且勤奋 3.以so开头,用 “so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为“也，同样，也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”。 Society has changed and so _ the people in it.社会变了，人也变了。1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 “的确如此”。Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力So and so 的确如此，你也是。2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。If you dont go，neither/nor shall I.（If you dont go，I shall not go.）-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.她英语学得好，但数学学的差，露茜也是如此。4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形as主语其他。注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略_ he is，he doesnt study well.虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。_， he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。Try as she might， she failed.虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。5.在so/such.that从句中，如果soadj./adv.或者such+名词放在句首，其主句要倒装。前倒，后不倒1)So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他很害怕动也不敢动。2) So loudly _ (speak)that everyone could hear him.3)Such a hard problem_ _ that I cant solve it.6.如果if虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should ，had可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。If there should be a flood，what would we do? 要是发了洪水，我们该怎么办呢？_ a flood，what would we do?1. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D.I realized2. Only by practising a few hours every day _ be able to master the language.A. you canB. can youC. you willD. will you3. If you dont go, neither _. A. shall IB. do IC. I doD. I shall4. No sooner _ to the station _ the train left.A. had I got, whenB. I had got, thanC. had I got, thanD. did I get, when5. - Your father is very strict with you.- _. He never lets off a single mistake of oursA. So he isB. So is heC. He is soD. So does he6. _ today, he would get there by Sunday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves7. Never in my life _ such a thing.A. I have heard or have seenB. have I heard or seenC. I have heard or seenD. did I hear or see8. - Here _! Where is Xiao Liu?- There _. A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus, he isC. the bus comes, is he D. the bus comes, he is9. - I like football. I dont like volleyball.- _.A. So do IB. Neither do I C. So it is with meD. So is it with me10. _ the expense, I _ to Italy.A. If it were not, goB. Were it not for, would goC. Werent it for, will goD. If it hadn t been, would have gone11. So _ in the darkness that he didn t dare to move an inch.A. he was frightened B. was he frightenedC. frightened he was D. frightened was he12. Only after he read the text over again _ its main idea.A. that he knew B.did he knowC.he could know D. does he know13. So excited _ that he couldnt say a word.A. he seemed B. did he seemC. was he seeming D. he did look14. _ , 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party.A. Were I you B. Was I youC. Had I been you D. Would I be you15. _ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat16. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.A. did he make B. he madeC. does he make D. has he made17. Not once _ their plan.A. did they change B. they changedC. changed they D. they did change18.Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?I dont know, and _ . A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also19. Not until he arrived home _ he find that this wallet had been stolen.A. did B. wouldC. when D. that20. Nowhere else in the world _ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业）than in Hong Kong.A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist findC. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found21. _ succeed in doing anything.A. Only by working hard we canB. By only working hard we canC. Only we can by working hardD. Only by working hard can we22. _ that we all went out, lying in the sun.A. So fine was the weatherB. So was the fine weatherC. The weather was such fine D. So the weather was tine23. Not only_ working hard, but also _ very polite.A. the boy is; he is B. is the boy; he isC. the boy is; is he D. is the boy; is he24.I cannot see the picture well from here. _.A. Neither can t I B. Neither I canC. I cant neither D. Neither can I25. So carelessly _ that he almost killed himself.A. he drives B. does he driveC. did he drive D. he drove26. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he caredB. did he careC. he caresD. does he care27. No sooner _ they rushed out into the street.A. did they hear the news thanB. did they hear the news whenC. had they heard the news thanD. had they heard the news when28. _ , he would have passed the exam.A. If he were to study B. If he studied hard C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard29. So little _ agree on the plan that they could not settle their difference.A. did they B. do theyC. they did D. they did not30.At no time _the rules of the game. .It was unfair to punish them.A. they actually broke B. do they actually breakC. did they actually break D. they had actually broken31.(13福建)Not until he went through real hardship_the love we have for our families is important. A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized32. (13湖南)Not once_to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred itB. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur33. (13高考)“Never for a second, ”the boy says, “_that my father would come to my rescue. ”A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have doubted D. did I doubt34. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again. A. I will speak B. will I speak C. do I speak D. I speak35.At no time_the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke B. do they actually breakC. did they actually break D. they had actually broken36.(13新课标)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent_properly in this hospital. A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients37.(12辽宁)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he consideredC. he considered D. did he consider38.(12江西)Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has39.(12山东)I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant stand all this rain. A. I dont care B. Its hard to say C. So am I D. I hope so40.(2012重庆高考)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _ it a thought. A. does he even give B. he even givesC. will he even give D. he will even give41. (2012天津高考)Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ the spelling