英文翻译外文文献翻译116钢坯火焰清理机氧化皮、裂纹清理.docx
英文翻译外文文献翻译116钢坯火焰清理机氧化皮、裂纹清理
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英文翻译外文文献翻译116钢坯火焰清理机氧化皮、裂纹清理,机械毕业设计英文翻译
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附录一 英文翻译原文 钢坯火焰清理机氧化皮、裂纹清理 钢板从钢铁厂经过一系列的中间环节到达切割车间，在这段时间里，钢板表面难免产生一层氧化皮。再者，钢板在轧制过程中也产生一层氧化皮附着在钢板表面。这些氧化皮熔点高，不容易燃烧和熔化，增加了预热时间，降低了切割速度；同时经过加热，氧化皮四处飞溅，极易对割嘴造成堵塞，降低了割嘴的使用寿命。所以，在切割前，很有必要对钢板表面进行除锈预处理。常用的方法是抛丸除锈，之后喷漆防锈。即将细小铁砂用喷丸机喷向钢板表面，靠铁砂对钢板的冲击力除去氧化皮，再喷上阻燃、导电性好的防锈漆。钢板切割之前的除锈喷漆预处理已成为金属结构生产中 一个不可缺少的环节。 在实际生产过程中，经常会产生这样或那样的质量问题，一般有如下几种缺陷：边缘缺陷，切割断面缺陷，挂渣、裂纹等。而造成质量事故的原因很多，如果氧气纯度保证正常，设备运行正常，那么造成火焰切割质量缺陷的原因主要表现在如下几个方面：割炬、割嘴、钢材本身质量、钢板材质。 1上边缘切割质量缺陷 这是由于熔化而造成的质量缺陷。 （ 1） 上边缘塌边 现象：边缘熔化过快，造成圆角塌边。 原因： 切割速度太慢，预热火焰太强； 割嘴与工件之间的高度太高或太低；使用的割嘴号太大，火焰中的氧气过剩。 （ 2）水滴状熔豆串 现象：在切割的上边缘形成一串水滴状的熔豆。 原因： 钢板表面锈蚀或有氧化皮； 割嘴与钢板之间的高度太小，预热火焰太强； 割嘴与钢板之间的高度太大。 （ 3）上边缘塌边并呈现房檐状 现象：在切口上边缘，形成房檐状的凸出塌边。 原因： 预热火焰太强； 割嘴与钢板之间的高度太低； 切割速度太慢；割嘴与工件之间的高度太大，使用的割嘴号偏大，预热火焰中氧气过剩。 （ 4）切割断面的上边缘有挂渣 nts现象：切口上边缘凹陷并有挂渣。 原因： 割嘴与工件之间的高度太大，切割氧压力太高； 预热火焰太强。 2切割断面凹凸不平，即平面度差 （ 1）切割断面上边缘下方，有凹形缺陷现象：在接受切割断面上边缘处有凹陷，同时上边缘有不同程度的熔化塌边。 原因： 切割氧压力太高； 割嘴与工件之间的高度太大；割嘴有杂物堵塞，使风线受到干扰变形。 （ 2）割缝从上向下收缩 现象：割缝上宽下窄。 原因： 切割速度太快； 割嘴与工件之间的高度太大，割嘴有杂物堵塞，使风线受到干扰变形。 （ 3）割缝上窄下宽 现象：割缝上窄下宽，成喇叭状。 原因： 切割速度太快，切割氧压力太高； 割嘴号偏大，使切割氧流量太大； 割嘴与工件之间的高度太大； （ 4）切割断面凹陷 现象：在整个切割断面上，尤其中间部位有凹陷。 原因： 切割速度太快； 使用的割嘴太小，切割压力太低，割嘴堵塞或损坏； 切割氧压力过高，风线受阻变坏。 （ 5）切割断面呈现出大的波纹形状 现象：切割断面凸凹不平，呈现较大的波纹形状。 原因： 切割速度太快； 切割氧压力太低，割嘴堵塞或损坏，使风线变坏； 使用的割嘴号太大。 （ 6）切口垂直方向的角度偏差 nts现象：切口不垂直，出现斜角。 原因： 割炬与工件面不垂直； 风线不正。 （ 7）切口下边缘成圆角 现象：切口下边缘有不同程度的熔化，成圆角状。 原因： 割嘴堵塞或者损坏，使风线变坏； 切割速度太快，切割氧压力太高。 （ 8）切口下部凹陷且下边缘成圆角 现象：接近下边缘处凹陷并且下边缘熔化成圆角。 原因： 切割速度太快，割嘴堵塞或者损坏，风线受阻变坏。 3切割断面的粗糙度缺陷 切割断面的粗糙度直接影响后续工序的加工质量，切断面的粗糙度与割纹的超前量及其深度有关。 （ 1）切割断面后拖量过大 现象：切割断面割纹向后偏移很大，同时随着偏移量的大小而出现不同程度的凹陷。 原因： 切割速度太快； 使用的割嘴太小，切割氧流量太小，切割氧压力太低； 割嘴与工件的高度太大。 （ 2）在切割断面上半部分，出现割纹超前量 现象：在接近上边缘处，形成一定程度的割纹超前量。 原因： 割炬与切割方向不垂直，割嘴堵塞或损坏； 风线受阻变坏； 现象：在靠近切割断面下边缘处出现割纹超前量太大。 原因： 割嘴堵塞或损坏，风线受阻变坏； 割炬不垂直或割嘴有问题，使风线不正、倾斜。 4挂渣 在切割断面上或下边缘产生难以清除的挂渣。 （ 1）下边缘挂渣 现象：在切割断面的下边缘产生连续的挂渣。 nts原因： 切割速度太快或太慢，使用的割嘴号太小，切割氧压力太低； 预热火焰中燃气过剩，钢板表面有氧化皮锈蚀或不干净； 割嘴与工件之间的高度太大，预热火焰太强。 （ 2）切割断面上产生挂渣 现象：在切割断面上有挂渣，尤其在下半部分有挂渣。 原因： 合金成份含量太高。 5裂纹 现象：在切割断面上出现可见裂纹，或在切割断面附近的内部出现脉动裂纹，或只是在横断面上可见到裂纹。 原因： 含碳量或含合金成份太高，采用预热切割法时，工件预热温度不够，工件冷却时间太快，材料冷作硬化。 nts附录 2：英文技术资料及中文翻译 Billet flame cleaning machine oxide skin, crack cleaning device design From steel plate through a series of intermediate link reach incision workshop, during this period, the steel plate surface unavoidably produce a layer of oxide skin. Moreover, steel rolling process also produce in a layer of oxide skin attached to the steel plate surface. These oxide skin melting point, not easy high combustion and melting, increased preheating time, reduced the cutting speed; Meanwhile, after heating, oxide skin around the splash and extremely easily to cut caused jams, reduces the lips mouth using life. Cut So, in is necessary before cutting for steel surface derusting pretreatment. Commonly used method is peen-forming derusting, after painting antirust. Upcoming shot peening machine with tiny iron ore, steel surfaces by soar into the impact of the of the steel iron ore remove oxide skin, spray flame retardant and electric conductivity good antirust paint. Steel cutting the derusting spray-paint preprocessing before production of metal structure has become an indispensable tache. In the actual production process, often have this or that kind of quality problem, generally has the following several defects: edge defects, cutting section defects, hang slag, crack, etc. The causes of the accident caused by quality, if oxygen purity guarantee many normal, in normal operation, then the flame cutting quality defects caused by reason mainly lie in the following aspects: cutting torch, cut the mouth, steel, steel material quality of itself. 1. The upper edge cutting quality defects This is because the quality defect caused by the melting. (1) on edge collapse edge Phenomenon: melting too fast, causing rounded edge collapse edge. Reason: nts(1) the cutting speed too slow, preheat flame strong; (2) the mouth and workpiece cut between highly too much or too little; The use of mouth number too big, cut the oxygen excess. Flame (2) water droplets shape molten bean string (see chart 9-9) Phenomenon: in cutting the upper edge of the form a string of water droplets form of melting beans. Reason: (1) the steel plate surface corrosion or have oxide skin; (2) the steel mouth and cut between too high too small, preheat flame; (3) the steel mouth and cut between highly too big. (3) the upper edge of the present FangYan shape and collapse edge (see chart 9-10) Phenomenon: in the upper edge of the FangYan incision, forming the bulge (collapse edge. Reason: (1) the preheating flame strong; (2) the steel mouth and cut between highly too low; (3) cutting speed too slow; Cut the height of mouth and between parts, the use of cut too large, too large, the mouth overcapacity. Oxygen in the preheated flame (4) cutting section has hang the upper edge of the slag (see chart 9-11) Phenomenon: cut on the edge sag and hangs slag. Reason: (1) the mouth and workpiece cut between highly too big, cut oxygen pressure is too high; (2) the preheating flame is too strong. 2. Cutting section is uneven, namely flatness poor (1) cutting edge on the cross, has sunken shape defects below (see chart 9-12) phenomenon: in accepting the edge cutting sections have cave, meanwhile the upper edge of the different levels of melting collapse edge. ntsReason: (1) cut oxygen pressure is too high; (2) the mouth and workpiece cut between highly too big; Cut the mouth had sundry jams, make the wind line interference deformation. (2) cut from top down contraction joints (see chart 9-13) Phenomenon: cut to sew up wide below narrow. Reason: (1) cut too fast; (2) the mouth and workpiece cut between highly too big, cut the mouth had sundry jams, make the wind line interference deformation. (3) cut to sew up the narrow below wide (see chart 9-14) Phenomenon: cut with narrow width, sewn into horn shape. Reason: (1) the cutting speed too fast, cutting oxygen pressure is too high; (2), cut too large, the mouth that cutting oxygen flow too big; (3) the mouth and workpiece cut between highly too big; (4) cutting section sag (see chart 9-15) Phenomenon: in the whole cutting section, especially have sunken intermediate place. Reason: (1) cut too fast; (2) the use of mouth is too small, cutting pressure cut is too low, cut congestion or damage; mouth (3) cutting too high, the wind line oxygen pressure thwarted worse. (5) cutting sections show big corrugated shape (see chart 9-16) Phenomenon: cutting section bumpy, appear larger corrugated shape. Reason: (1) cut too fast; (2) the cutting oxygen pressure is too low, the mouth jam or damage, cut to the wind line deteriorate; (3) the mouth, use cut is too big. (6) incision of perpendicular direction Angle deviation (see chart 9-17) Phenomenon: incision not vertical, appear bevel. ntsReason: (1) the torch with workpiece surface will not cut vertical; (2) the wind line is not right. (7) incision into round the lower edge (see chart 9-18) Phenomenon: incision had different degrees of the lower edge of the melt into round shape. Reason: (1) mouth jam or damage, cut to the wind line deteriorate; (2) the cutting speed too fast, cutting oxygen pressure is too high. (8) incision under the lower sag and into rounded edge (see chart 9-19) Phenomenon: close to lower edge sag under melting into fillet and edge. Reason: Cutting too fast, mouth jam or damage, cut the line go bad. Blocked 3. Cutting sections of roughness defects of cutting section directly influences the follow-up process roughness machining quality, the roughness and cut off the depth and volume of advanced tattoo concerned. (1) after cutting section dragged dimension (FIG 9-20) Phenomenon: cutting section cut grain backward migration is very big, at the same time as the size of the offset and appear different levels of depression. Reason: (1) cut too fast; (2) the use of cut is too small, and cutting oxygen flow mouth too low, cutting oxygen pressure; (3) the height of mouth and workpiece cut is too big. nts(2) in the first half part, cutting sections appear cut lines leading quantity (see chart 9-21) Phenomenon: the edge in close, forming a certain degree of cut lines leading quantity. Reason: (1) the torch and cutting direction not cut, cut congestion or vertical mouth damage; (2) the wind line thwarted deteriorate; Phenomenon: near the lower edge cutting sections appear cut lines leading quantity too big. Reason: (1) mouth jam or damage, cut thwarted deteriorate; the wind line (2) the torch not cut vertically or cut mouth has a problem, make the wind line corruptive, tilt. 4. Hang slag in the lower edge cutting sections or to remove produced hang slag. (1)
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