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机械毕业设计英文翻译
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英文翻译外文文献翻译142机电一体化,机械毕业设计英文翻译
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附录 INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY （ From ELECTRICAL AND MACHINERY INDUSTRY） ABSTRACT Machinery was the modern science and technology development inevitable result, this article has summarized the integration of machinery technology basic outline and the development background .Summarized the domestic and foreign integration of machinery technology present situation, has analyzed the integration of machinery technology trend of development. Key word： integration of machinery ， technology， present situation ， product t， echnique of manufacture ， trend of development 0. Introduction modern science and technology unceasing development, impelled different discipline intersecting enormously with the seepage, has caused the project domain technological revolution and the transformation .In mechanical engineering domain, because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapid development and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machinery, caused the mechanical industry the technical structure, the product organization, the function and the constitution, the production method and the management system has had the huge change, caused the industrial production to enter into “the integration of machinery” by “the machinery electrification” for the characteristic development phase. 1. Integration of machinery outline integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technology, unifies the system the mechanism and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call. The integration of machinery development also has become one to have until now own system new discipline, not only develops along with the science and technology, but also entrusts with the new content .But its basic characteristic may summarize is: The integration of machinery is embarks from the system viewpoint, synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanical technology, microelectronic technology, automatic control technology, ntscomputer technology, information technology, sensing observation and control technology, electric power electronic technology, connection technology, information conversion technology as well as software programming technology, according to the system function goal and the optimized organization goal, reasonable disposition and the layout various functions unit, in multi-purpose, high grade, redundant reliable, in the low energy consumption significance realize the specific function value, and causes the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology .From this produces functional system, then becomes an integration of machinery systematic or the integration of machinery product. Therefore, “integration of machinery” covering “technology” and “product” two aspects .Only is, the integration of machinery technology is based on the above community technology organic fusion one kind of comprehensive technology, but is not mechanical technical, the microelectronic technology as well as other new technical simple combination, pieces together .This is the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrification which the electricity forms in the concept basic difference .The mechanical engineering technology has the merely technical to develop the machinery electrification, still was the traditional machinery, its main function still was replaces with the enlargement physical strength .But after develops the integration of machinery, micro electron installment besides may substitute for certain mechanical parts the original function, but also can entrust with many new functions, like the automatic detection, the automatic reduction information, demonstrate the record, the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protection automatically and so on .Not only namely the integration of machinery product is humans hand and body extending, humans sense organ and the brains look, has the intellectualized characteristic is the integration of machinery and the machinery electrification distinguishes in the function essence. 2. Integration of machinery development condition integration of machinery development may divide into 3 stages roughly.20th century 60s before for the first stage, this stage is called the initial stage .In this time, the people determination not on own initiative uses the electronic technology the preliminary achievement to consummate the mechanical product the performance .Specially in Second World War period, the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic technology union, these mechanical and electrical union military technology, postwar transfers civilly, to postwar economical restoration positive function .Developed and the development at that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneous ntscondition .Because at that time the electronic technology development not yet achieved certain level, mechanical technical and electronic technology union also not impossible widespread and thorough development, already developed the product was also unable to promote massively. The 20th century 7080 ages for the second stage, may be called the vigorous development stage .This time, the computer technology, the control technology, the communication development, has laid the technology base for the integration of machinery development . Large-scale, ultra large scale integrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development, has provided the full material base for the integration of machinery development .This time characteristic is :A mechatronics word first generally is accepted in Japan, probably obtains the quite widespread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in the worldwide scale ;The integration of machinery technology and the product obtained the enormous development ;The various countries start to the integration of machinery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support. 1990s later periods, started the integration of machinery technology the new stage which makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction, the integration of machinery enters the thorough development time .At the same time, optics, the communication and so on entered the integration of machinery, processes the technology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the foot, appeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integration of machinery and so on the new branch; On the other hand to the integration of machinery system modeling design, the analysis and the integrated method, the integration of machinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted the thorough research .At the same time, because the huge progress which domains and so on artificial intelligence technology, neural network technology and optical fiber technology obtain, opened the development vast world for the integration of machinery technology .These research, will urge the integration of machinery further to establish the integrity the foundation and forms the integrity gradually the scientific system. Our country is only then starts from the beginning of 1980s in this aspect to study with the application .The State Council had been established the integration of machinery leading group and lists as “863 plans” this technology .When formulated “95” the plan and in 2010 developed the summary had considered fully on international the influence which and possibly brought from this about the integration of machinery technology development trend .Many universities, colleges and institutes, the development facility and some large and ntsmiddle scale enterprises have done the massive work to this technical development and the application, does not yield certain result, but and so on the advanced countries compared with Japan still has the suitable disparity. 3. Integration of machinery trend of development integrations of machinery are the collection machinery, the electron, optics, the control, the computer, the information and so on the multi-disciplinary overlapping syntheses, its development and the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and the progress .Therefore, the integration of machinery main development direction is as follows: 3.1 Intellectualized intellectualizations are 21st century integration of machinery technological development important development directions .The artificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machinery constructors research takes, the robot and the numerical control engine bed intellectualization is the important application .Here said “the intellectualization” is to the machine behavior description, is in the control theory foundation, the absorption artificial intelligence, the operations research, the computer science, the fuzzy mathematics, the psychology, the physiology and the chaos dynamics and so on the new thought, the new method, simulate the human intelligence, enable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference, logical thinking, independent decision-making, obtains the higher control goal in order to .Indeed, enable the integration of machinery product to have with the human identical intelligence, is not impossible, also is nonessential .But, the high performance, the high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to have preliminary intelligent or humans partial intelligences, then is completely possible and essential. In the modern manufacture process, the information has become the control manufacture industry the determining factor, moreover is the most active actuation factor .Enhances the manufacture system information-handling capacity to become the modern manufacture science development a key point .As a result of the manufacture system information organization and structure multi-level, makes the information the gain, the integration and the fusion presents draws up the character, information measure multi-dimensional, as well as information organizations multi-level .In the manufacture information structural model, manufacture information uniform restraint, dissemination processing and magnanimous data aspects and so on manufacture knowledge library management, all also wait for further break through. ntsEach kind of artificial intelligence tool and the computation intelligence method promoted the manufacture intelligence development in the manufacture widespread application .A kind based on the biological evolution algorithm computation intelligent agent, in includes the scheduling problem in the combination optimization solution area of technology, receives the more and more universal attention, hopefully completes the combination optimization question when the manufacture the solution speed and the solution precision aspect breaks through the question scale in pairs the restriction .The manufacture intelligence also displays in: The intelligent dispatch, the intelligent design, the intelligent processing, the robot study, the intelligent control, the intelligent craft plan, the intelligent diagnosis and so on are various These question key breakthrough, may form the product innovation the basic research system. Between 2 modern mechanical engineering front science different science overlapping fusion will have the new science accumulation, the economical development and societys progress has had the new request and the expectation to the science and technology, thus will form the front science .The front science also has solved and between the solution scientific question border area .The front science has the obvious time domain, the domain and the dynamic characteristic .The project front science distinguished in the general basic science important characteristic is it has covered the key science and technology question which the project actual appeared. Manufacture system is a complex large-scale system, for satisfies the manufacture system agility, the fast response and fast reorganization ability, must profit from the information science, the life sciences and the social sciences and so on the multi-disciplinary research results, the exploration manufacture system new architecture, the manufacture pattern and the manufacture system effective operational mechanism .Makes the system optimization the organizational structure and the good movement condition is makes the system modeling , the simulation and the optimized essential target .Not only the manufacture system new architecture to makes the enterprise the agility and may reorganize ability to the demand response ability to have the vital significance, moreover to made the enterprise first floor production equipment the flexibility and may dynamic reorganization ability set a higher request .The biological manufacture view more and more many is introduced the manufacture system, satisfies the manufacture system new request. ntsThe study organizes and circulates method and technique of complicated system from the biological phenomenon, is a valid exit which will solve many hard nut to cracks that manufacturing industry face from now on currently .Imitating to living what manufacturing point is mimicry living creature organ of from the organization, from match more, from growth with from evolution etc. function structure and circulate mode of a kind of manufacturing system and manufacturing process. The manufacturing drives in the mechanism under, continuously by ones own perfect raise on organizing structure and circulating mode and thus to adapt the process ofwith ability for the environment .For from descend but the last product proceed together a design and make a craft rules the auto of the distance born, produce system of dynamic state reorganization and product and manufacturing the system tend automatically excellent provided theories foundation and carry out a condition .Imitate to living a manufacturing to belong to manufacturing science and life science ofthe far good luck is miscellaneous to hand over, it will produce to the manufacturing industry for 21 centuries huge of influence .The research contents which imitates to living a manufacturing has two aspects currently: 1: Facing to the imitating of life livings a manufacturing Study general regulation and model of biological phenomenon, for example the organization structure of the information processing technique, living creature intelligence, living creature type of artificial life, cell auto machine, living creature and circulate the evolution of mode and living creature and tend excellent mechanism etc. 2: Face to make of imitating and livinging manufacturing The research imitates to living manufacturing system of from organize mechanism and method ,such as: Based on full information sharing biological modelling principle of design, based on multi-autonomy unit coordination distributional control and based on evolution mechanism optimization strategy; Research biological modelling manufacture concept system and foundation, for example: Biological modelling space formal description technique and information mapping relations, biological modelling system and evolutionary process order of complexity gauging device. The mechanical biological modelling and the biological modelling manufacture is mechanical discipline and so on science and life sciences, information science, materials science high fusions, its research content including growth forming craft, biological modelling design and manufacture system, intelligent biological modelling machinery and biological forming manufacture and so ntson .At present does the research work mostly will be the front exploring work, has the bright basic research characteristic, if holds the opportunity to study, possibly will have the revolutionary breakthrough .From now on will be supposed to pay attention the research area will have the biology to process technical, the biological modelling manufacture system, based on the fast prototype technique of manufacture organization engineering, as well as with bio-engineering correlation key technologies foundation and so on. Since 3 modern technique of manufacture trend of development 1990s, the various countries all has carried on the technique of manufacture research and the development as the national key technologies gives priority to development, like USs advanced technique of manufacture plans AMTP, Japans intelligence technique of manufacture (IMS) international cooperation plan, South Koreas high-level modern technology national plan (G-7), Germanys manufacture 2000 plans with European Economic Communitys ESPRIT and BRITE-EURAM plan. Along with high technology and new technology and so on electron, information unceasing development, the market demand personalization and the diversification, future the modern technique of manufacture development general trend will be to the precision, the flexibility, the network, the virtualization, intellectualized, the green integration, the globalization direction develops. The current modern technique of manufacture trend of development has following nine aspects approximately: (1) Information technology, the management technology and the processing technology close union, the modern manufacture production pattern can obtain develops unceasingly. (2) Design technology and method more modernized. (3) Formation and the technique of manufacture precision, the manufacture process realize the low energy consumption. (4) New special processing method formation. (5) Develops new one generation ultra precise, the supervelocity manufacture equipment. (6) Processing craft develops by the technique for the engineering science. (7) Implements the non-pollution green manufacture. (8) In manufacturing industry widespread application vi
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