高中英语Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world Grammar and usage课件牛津版必修四.ppt

grammarandusage revision lookatthefollowingsentences pointouttheverb thesubjectandtheobjectineachofthesesentencesandchangethemintopassivevoice wekeepfoodinthefridge theboybroketheglass youmustclosethewindowsandthedoor foodiskeptinthefridge theglasswasbrokenbytheboy thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed what sthedifferencebetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice point1 usuallythedoeroftheactionneedn tbementionedinthepassivesentence butifitisneeded weusebytointroducethedoeroftheaction forexample howcanitbeusedinotherways itisdifficulttosaywhothedoeris uponreachingthetopofthemountain afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced itisnotnecessarytomentionthedoer point2 whenaverbisfollowedbytwoobjects eitheroftheobjectscanbeusedasthesubjectinthepassivesentence however youshouldknowthedifferencebetweenusingthepersonandthethingasthesubject forexample ourteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinenglish weareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinenglish someinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinenglish myfriendsgavemesomenicepresentsonmybirthday iwasgivensomenicepresentsonmybirthdaybymyfriends somenicepresentsweregiventomeonmybirthdaybymyfriends mymotherwillmakeusacakethissaturday wewillbemadeacakebymymotherthissaturday acakewillbemadeforusbymymotherthissaturday point3 whenaninfinitiveisusedasanobjectcomplementaftersomeverbs suchasmake let notice observe see watch orhear intheactivevoice theinfinitivemakertoshouldbeomitted butifthesentenceischangedintothepassivevoice toshouldbeusedbeforetheinfinitive moreexamples ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon theteachermakeshisstudentswriteacompositioneveryweek thestudentsaremadetowriteacompositioneveryweek point4 getcanalsobeusedinthepassivevoiceinsteadofbe forexample mybikegotstolenlastnight you dbettergetchangedquickly forthepartywillbeginsoon thiswindowseemstohavegotbroken point5 someverbsusedintheactivegiveapassivemeaning forexample thissweaterwasheswell thepenwritessmoothly point6 sometransitiveverbscannotbeusedinthepassivevoice fortheseverbsindicatestatesnotactions forexample ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem hehasabighouseneartheriver youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation therearetwospecialsentencepatternswhichcanbeusedinthepassivevoice itishoped believed reported thought that orsb ishoped believed reported thought todosth 1 人们希望他的身体很快会好起来 itishopedthathewillbebettersoon heishopedtobebettersoon itisreportedthatanothermannedsatellitewillbesentintothemoonnextmonth anothermannedsatelliteisreportedtobesentintothemoonnextmonth 2 据报道 下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上 thethreemissingsailorsarebelievedtohavedrowned itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned 3 人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了 someinterestingtechnologies 1 developedatthemoment thefirstisajacketcreatedby 2 thesmartjackethas thisyear itincludesabuilt inmobilephoneandanmp3player ithasbeenwornby 4 whofounditcomfortableandvery cool thesecondisapower freefridge it 5 byafarmerfromnigeria tokeepfruitandvegetables completethereportaccordingtothegiveninformationonpage49 arebeing electricwear beendeveloped teenagers wasinvented freshforthreeweeks onlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand 6 itistotallypower free scientistsresponsibleforsoyabeanplasticsaythatstudiesintonaturalplastichave 7 andthatvariousplasticmaterials 8 soon thenaturalplastic 9 madeofsoyabeans meaninglessrubbish lastbutnotleastisthesonicwasher atlastyear stechexpo thedevelopmentofanewkindofwashingmachine 10 thisyear thesonicwasher 11 finally areused beencompleted willbeproduced willbe wasannounced shown was clothes 12 withoutliquidsoaporwashingpower thesenewtechnologieswillbeondisplaythroughouttheweekattechexpo arecleaned modalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses gooverparts1and2onpage50 completethefollowingreportbyreferringtotheinformationgivenonpage50 ithasbeensuggestedthattravelsickness byusingvirtualreality vr thiscouldbeofgreatbenefittopeopleandwillberesearchedfurther 200volunteerswilltakepartinourstudy for20days avirtualcartrip 2 everydaybyeachvolunteer thetrips 3 tolastbetween20and30minutes avrheadset 4 bythevolunteers overtime volunteers 5 usedtothefeelingofmotion inthisway theirneedfortravelsicknesspills 6 hopefully travelsickness 7 insomesufferers canbereduced mustbetaken shouldbemade mustbeworn maybecome oughttobereduced mightbecured completesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven thechildaregetting aboutthecomingholiday exciting excited don tyouget ofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime tiring tired joanisn tverygoodatphysics soeveryonewas whenshepassedtheexam surprising surprised allofuswerevery lastsaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame disappointing disappointed itwassnowinglastnight soeverythingis withsnowthismorning covering covered myparentsarequite withmybestresults pleasing pleased bothofthemare withthearrangement satisfying satisfied completethearticleonpage51 notes notalltransitiveverbscanbeusedinthepassivevoice suchverbsusuallyrefertostates notactions suchashave want likeandlack theyhaveanicehousewithasmallbeautifulgarden thispairofshoesdoesn tfitme iwouldlikeyoutogoswimmingwithme wewantyoutobeinchargeofthework 2 notallprepositionalverbs thatis verb apreposition canbeusedinthepassivevoice 3 insomesituations apast presentparticipleshouldbeusedafterbe allofthepeopleatthemeetingagreedwithme thedogbelongstomycousin aftergettingoffhiscar hewalkedintothehouse i mtiredofdoingthesamethingdayafterday thejobisreallytiring ididn tthinkthestorywasfrightening buthelenwasfrightenedbyit practice 1 alltheemployeesexceptthemanager toworkonlineathome 04广东 a encouragesb encouragec isencouragedd areencouraged2 thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople toeatmorefruitandvegetables 04上海 a persuadeb willpersuadec bepersuadedd arepersuaded3 themayorofbeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkforthebeijingolympics by2008 04北京 a hasbeencompletedb hascompletedc willhavebeencompletedd willhavecompleted 4 morepatients inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear 04江苏 a treatedb havetreatedc hadbeentreatedd havebeentreated5 nopermissionhas foranybodytoenterthebuilding met88 a beengivenb givenc togived begiving 6 thepolicefoundthatthehouse andalotofthings met90 a hasbrokeninto hasbeenstolenb hadbrokeninto hadbeenstolenc hasbeenbrokeninto stolend hadbeenbrokeninto stolen 7 haveyoumovedintothenewhouse met91 notyet therooms a arebeingpaintedb arepaintingc arepaintedd arebeingpainting8 ifcitynoises fromincreasing people shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow met92 a arenotkept willhavetob arenotkept havetoc donotkeep willhavetod donotkeep haveto9 idon tknowtherestaurant butit s tobequiteagoodone met95 a saidb toldc spokend talked 10 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff yes italldependsontheweather met95 a i vebeentoldb i vetoldc i mtoldd itold 11 cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget bythehour met98 a payb payingc paidd topay12 thehero sstory differentlyinthenewspaper 05全国ii a wasreportedb wasreportingc reportsd reported13 shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive 03春季上海 a tohaveplayedb toplayc tobeplayedd tobeplaying 14 sarah hurryup i mafraidyoucan thavetimeto beforetheparty 04全国ii a getchangedb getchangec getchangingd gettochange15 accordingtotheartdealer thepainting togoforatlastamilliondollars 04全国iii a isexpectedb expectsc expectedd isexpecting16 ican tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard 05北京春 a hasitallbeenfinishedb wasitallfinishedc hasitallfinishedd diditallfinish17 afterafirebrokeoutinthelab alotofequipment 05北京春 a isdamagedb haddamagedc damagedd wasdamaged 18 don tyouthinkitnecessarythathe tomiamibuttonewyork iagree buttheproblemis hehasrefusedto 05江苏 a willnotbesent thatb notbesent thatc shouldnotbesent whatd shouldnotsend what19 thepoliceman sattentionwassudd