高中英语直接引语和间接引语的相互转化课件必修一.ppt

直接引语和间接引语 byliwenqin sept 7th 2008 直接引语 直接引用别人的原话 并在原话前后加引号 例 hesaid itistoolate 间接引语 用自己的话转述他人的话 多数以宾语从句的形式构成 例 hesaiditwastoolate 直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化 1 句式结构上的变化 解题步骤 1 陈述句变间接引语时 用that连接 that无实际意义 可省略 例 idon tlikecomputers sarahsaidtoherfriends sarahsaidtoherfriends that said didn t she sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn tlikecomputers sarah lanasaid iammadatmarcia lanasaid that shewasmadatmarcia hesaid wearegoodatenglish hesaid that theyweregoodatenglish shesaidtome shedoesherhomeworkeverynight shetoldme that shedidherhomeworkeverynight 2 一般疑问句 选择疑问句变间接引语时 要用陈述语气 并要加连词if或whether isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil theyaskedhim theyaskedhim if whether itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil asked was theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil sheaskedme areyoumr li sheaskedmeifiwasmr li sheaskedus doyouwanttogoonapicnic sheaskedusifwewantedtogoonapicnic heasked doyouspeakenglishorfrench heaskedmewhetherispokeenglishorfrench 3 特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导 theyaskedhim whendoyouharvestthewheat theyaskedhim when youharvestthewheat he harvested theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat 例如 howmuchhavewespentonpetrolthisyear susanaskedherhusband susanaskedherhusbandhowmuchtheyhadspentonpetrolthatyear heaskedme whattimeisitnow heaskedmewhattimeitwasthen 注意 转述问句时后面用陈述句语序 4 祈使句变间接引语 一改二变三加四去 一改 said to 改为asked或told二变 saidto的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语三加 即在动词原形前加to 使成为动词不定式四去 去掉please don ttalkinclass theteachersaidtous 解题步骤 theteachersaidtous don t notto talkinclass saidto told theteachertoldusnottotalkinclass 例 hesaidtoher don ttakethebookaway please heaskedhernottotakethebookaway hesaidtome pleasedoitagain hetold askedmetodoitagain theteachersaid don ttalkinclass tom theteachertold askedtomnottotalkinclass 2 时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时 间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致 1 主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候 间接引语时态不变 hesays iboughtyouabookyesterday hesaysthatheboughtmeabookyesterday 2 当主句为过去时 从句要跟着相应的变化 变化如下 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般将来时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时过去完成时不变不变 往前推一个时态 1 iamverygladtovisityourschool shesaid shesaidthatshewasverygladtovisitourschool 2 tomsaid wearelisteningtothepopmusic tomsaidthattheywerelisteningtothepopmusic 3 motherasked haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchtv motheraskedmewhetherihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeiwatchedtv 4 heaskedtheconductor whereshalligetofftochangetoano 3bus heaskedtheconductorwherehewouldgetofftochangetoano 3bus 5 whydidsherefusetogothere theteacherasked theteacheraskedwhyshehadrefusedtogothere 6 motheraskedme hadyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchedtv motheraskedmewhetherihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeiwatchedtv 注意 1 直接引语为客观真理时 间接引语时态不变 仍用一般现在时 例如 teachersaidtous themoonmovesroundtheearth teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth theteachersaidtous lighttravelsfasterthansound theteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound 2 直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时 间接引语仍用一般过去时 例如 shesaid iwenttoenglandin1998 shesaidshewenttoenglandin1998 直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称 变间接引语时 人称要做相应调整 例如 直接引语shesaid iamhungry 间接引语shesaidshewashungry 直接引语mumsaidtome youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow 间接引语mumtoldmethaticouldcleanmybedroomthenextday 3 人称的变化 一主 二宾 三不变 4 其他变化 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语 方向性动词 this that these those now today thisweekyesterdaylastweekfourdaysagotomorrownextmonth then thatdaythatweekthedaybeforetheweekbeforefourdaysbeforethenextdaythenextmonth here there come go bring take summary 陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句 that引导if whether引导原疑问词引导ask toldsbtodosth 1 主句为现在时态2 主句为过去时态 时态不变往前推一个时态 第一人称第二人称第三人称 与主句主语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致不变 句式结构 时态 人称 其他 宾语从句 语序 疑问句 陈述句语序 trytodosbp 5ex 2changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech 1 annesaidthatshedidn tknowtheaddressofhernewhome 2 annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows 3 thegirlsaidthatsheneededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly practice 4 herfatheraskedherwhyshechose hadchosenherdiaryandoldletters 5 areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson motherasked saidtoher 6 whatelsehaveyouhiddenunderyourovercoat margotaskedher 7 whenshallwegobackhome anneaskedherfather 8 whydidyoutalksomuchtothatboy fatheraskedanne practice 专项练习 一 把下列的句子变成间接引语 1 i mleavingforlondonnextweek mysistersaidtome 2 johnsaid mr smithhascomehere 3 shesaid doyouwantmetohelpyou 4 howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily heaskedtheboy 5 don tworry themothersaidtothechildren 6 hesaid pleasegivemeabook 二 把下列句子变成直接引语 1 shetoldustostopwritingandlisteningtoher 2 sheaskedmewhichoneilikedthebest 3 heaskedwhetherihadwatc