2021版新高考英语一轮复习 课时提能练27-28 北师大版.doc

课时提能练27-28课时提能练(二十七)必修5unit 14careers(a)课时作业a：基础层面.单句语法填空1you can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.2but sit where you are，if you please，in case i want you.3can you lend me 10 and ill pay you back on friday?4in no case should you use the companys telephone for personal affairs.5i think its very unkind of you to make up stories about him.单句改错1in case emergency，break the glass and press the button.case后加of2as a reward of passing his examination，he got a new watch from his parents.offor3i charge this man of using the brotherhood movement to advance his own selfish interests.ofwith4practice more and youll find easy to talk with native speakers.find后加it5he cheated me and i wouldnt believe him any longer.him前加in.选词成篇aseveral days ago，i was appointed to 1.take_charge_of class 6 2.due_to my good performance.the headmaster told me that i should turn to old teachers 3.in_case there were some difficulties.but 4.above_all，i think that i should 5.believe_in myself.6.in_addition，i should work harder.all my efforts will 7.pay_off.bafter a few minutes，the lights suddenly went out and everybody became upset at that moment.in order to focus all students attention，i quickly 8.turned_up on the stage and then 9.spoke_up，“please，be quite and 10.sit_up！everyone.though we are in the dark，i still 11.go_into_details about this lecture；please try to concentrate on the lecture and 12.keep_up_with me.finally，youll 13.make_out what im talking about.”.完成句子1that_i_can_pay_back (我能够回报)the help people give me makes me happy.2in_no_case_should_the_patient_be_allowed_to_get_up(决不允许病人起床)until he has recovered from his illness.3hard work can often make_up_for (弥补)a lack of intelligence.4he found_it_impossible (发现那不可能)to make her change her mind.5you cant turn the heat off as_long_as_the_system_is_on(只要系统开着)课时作业b：能力层面.阅读理解a(2019昆明市诊断测试)whore happier，men or women? research shows its a complex question and that asking whether males or females are happier isnt really that helpful，because basically，happiness is different for women and men.womens happiness has been declining for the past 30 years，according to recent statistics.and research shows that women are twice as likely to experience depression compared with men.gender (性别) differences in depression are well confirmed and studies have found that biological，psychological and social factors contribute to the difference.early studies on gender and happiness found men and women were socialized to express different feelings.women are more likely to express happiness，warmth and fear，which help with social bonding and appear more consistent with the traditional role as a primary caregiver，while men display more anger，pride and disrespect，which are more consistent with a protector and provider role.recent research suggests that these differences are not just socially，but also genetically related.studies have looked into these findings further and discovered that females use more areas of the brain containing mirror neurons (镜像神经元) than males when they process feelings.mirror neurons allow us to experience the world from other peoples view，to understand their actions and intentions.this may explain why women can experience deeper sadness.women tend to experience more negative feelings，such as more guilt，shame and to a lesser degree，embarrassment.psychologically it seems men and women differ in the way they process and express feelings.with the exception of anger，women experience feelings more strongly and share their feelings more openly with others.studies have found in particular that women express more appreciationwhich has been linked to greater happiness.this supports the theory that womens happiness is more dependent on relationships than mens.【语篇解读】本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。1which feeling are men more likely to show compared with women?awarmth.bdepression.chappiness.ddisrespect.d细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“while men display more anger，pride and disrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选d。2what factors cause women to share feelings more openly?apsychological factors.bbiological factors.ceducational factors.dsocial factors.a细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。3one can probably read the text from_.aa science fictionba culture brochureca nursery guideda health magazined推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选d项。4what is the text mainly about?amen and women differ in biology and psychology.bmen and women experience happiness differently.csocial roles have a great effect on men and women.dwomens happiness has declined in the past years.b主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故b项最符合文意。b(2019成都市毕业班摸底测试)as evolution tends to remove waste，how come we evolved such large，energyconsuming brains? the dominant hypothesis(假设)suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force.but our new study done in an unusual way shows that human brain expansion is likely driven by ecology(生态)scientists have tested the ecological and social hypotheses before.the common approach is to look at many species and investigate whether large brains are associated with specific problems.for example，do primates or other animals with large brains have a diet that is challenging to find but nutritionally rewarding? this would indicate an ecological origin.or do they live in large groups where they face lots of social problems?while many studies have found such associations，there is a problem.it cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems.to find out the causes of brain expansion，we recreated the scenarios(可能出现的情况) of the two hypotheses using a mathematical model.we found that a combination of ecological and social challenges do produce the brain size we see in humans.but it was ecological challenges that expanded brains.in contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation，we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size.but you need both factors to get the brain size we see todayif there were no social challenges our brains would have been even larger but likely poorly suited to social life.bigger isnt necessarily better.but many animals face hard ecological problems.why dont they all have large brains? we found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow.so our results and those of others suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of cultural knowledge could act together to produce a humansized brain.will the human brain expand further? the complexity of the systems involved makes it impossible to say much with certainty at present.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化知识积累的共同作用决定的；大脑并非越大越好，如果大脑过大，则人类将无法适应社会交往活动。5in most peoples view，what makes human evolve large brains?asocial challenges.bsocial and ecological challenges.cecological challenges.dcompetition with other large animals.a细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“the dominant hypothesis(假设)suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为棘手的社会交往活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故a项正确。6whats the problem of the common approach?aits model is not reliable enough.bit doesnt tell the cause and effect clearly.cits hypothesis cannot be proved effectively.dit doesnt find brain size is connected with problems.b细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“it cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems”可知，传统的研究方法无法解释清楚大脑进化的原因和影响，故b项正确。7why dont many animals have large brains?athey dont learn from each otherbthey dont face hard ecological problems.cthey dont need to cooperate with each other.dthey dont keep learning tough skills as they grow.d推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“why dont they all have large brains? we found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会导致人类特定大小的大脑。据此可以判断，动物在成长过程中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故d项正确。8which of the following do the researchers find most surprising?aanimals dont have large brains.bsocial challenges decrease brain size.cecological challenges increase brain size.dits unclear whether human brains will expand further.b细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“in contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation，we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size”可知，与主流观点及我们自己的预期相反，我们发现社会挑战导致大脑变小。据此可知，社会挑战导致大脑变小是令人惊讶的发现，故b项正确。.阅读七选五(2019太原市阶段性测评)var technology has been used in us.sports for years.now it is fully combined with the global game of football and made its debut(首次亮相) at the 2018 world cup this summer._1_.it is actually a team who work together to review certain decisions made by the main referee(裁判) by watching video replays.the var team support the referees from a centralized video operation room.the operators select and provide the best angles from relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras._2_.they will communicate with the referee only for clear and obvious errors or serious missed incidents.the referee can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the var team._3_， the referee would start an official review.then they will make a decision based on the information received from the var team._4_.some fans believe that var causes too many interruptions，disrupting the flow of the game.but others just want a fair match and to see the correct call no matter what.they argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision._5_.with much money put into modern football，governing bodies are now under great pressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and var is a sure step in that.aif one team is likely to win a gamebvar stands for video assistant refereecit is hard to avoid and var is necessarydonce they decide an incident is reviewableethroughout a match they are constantly checking for mistakesfthe use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchersgvar can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了var在足球比赛中的应用，以及由此而引起的一些争议。1b上文是说多年来，var技术已经应用于美国的运动中，现在它已经完全与全球的足球比赛结合起来，而且在2018年的世界杯中首次亮相；而空后是说它实际是一个通过观看视频重放来审查主裁判的某些决定的团队；故b项“var代表着视频助理裁判”符合语境，衔接上下文，故选b。2e根据空后一句“they will communicate.serious missed incidents”可知，他们会为清晰而明显的错误或错过的事件和裁判沟通。e项“他们在整场比赛中持续检查错误”符合语境，故选e。3d根据空后的“the referee would start an official review”可知，裁判将启动一个官方的审查，与d项中的“reviewable”呼应，故选d。4f根据空处所在位置以及该段叙述的球迷对var在比赛中应用的一些看法可推知，f项“视频技术的应用在足球观看者中是一个热点话题”概括了本段的内容，故选f。5g根据空前的“angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision”可知，此处描述了一个球赛中的场景，g项中的“such scenes”与之呼应，故选g。.语法填空(2019成都市毕业班第一次诊断性检测)its time to stop talking and get walking. as a popular and 1._(grow) format of the game，walking football is aimed at encouraging older adults to play football again on a regular basis.as simple as the name suggests，walking football is 2._(definite) just playing football at walking pace.but dont let that fool you.it carries all the emotion，passion and excitement of a regular game and still 3._(require) skills such as accurate passing，good positional play and strong tactical knowledge.the game is smallsided，4._ no running on or off the ball，very little contact and kickins instead of throwins.with less stress on the body and no real sudden change of direction or cutting movements，the game allows every 5._ (participate) to play without anxiety.it has become increasingly popular and is designed to help people keep 6._ active lifestyle，as well as to support getting people who have stopped playing due to age 7._ injury back to football.since middlesex fa launched walking football in 2014，we 8._(have) over 300 players take part in the sport and now run over 20 sessions on a 9._ (week)basis.ready to play？10._(find) your nearest session using the map below.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一项体育运动walking football。1growing考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处与and之前的形容词popular是并列关系，共同修饰其后的名词format，故应填growing“增长的”。2definitely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰副词just，故应用副词definitely。3requires考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，and前后是并列的成分，此处应与carries形式相同，故填requires。4with考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，即with名词介词短语的形式，在句子中作状语，与下文中的with less stress on the body结构相呼应。5participant考查词形转换。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，是固定用法，又因为空前为every，故此处应用表示人的名词的单数形式，即participant。6an考查冠词。根据语境可知，lifestyle是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰；又active的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。7or考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“或者”，故用表示选择关系的连词or。8have had考查动词的时态。根据本句中的since可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，即have had。9weekly考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a和空后的名词basis可知，此处应用形容词weekly。10find考查祈使句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是“动词原形放句首句子其他成分”结构的祈使句，表示建议，故用find。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2019合肥市第一次教学质量检测)last month our class organized a hike along the chaobai river，which run through hebei，beijing and tianjin.much to my disappoint，i found the river was serious polluted.at that moment，i was determined to do what i could protect it.first，under my teachers help，i used the equipments from the school lab to test the quality of the river water.but then，i used the data i had collected it to analyze the pollution of the river.finally，i write a report on the pollution of the river to the local government.i also gave a presentation in class where i suggested that we must make changes to protect our water resources.答案last month our class organized a hike along the chaobai river，which through hebei，beijing and tianjin.much to my ， i found the river was polluted.at that moment，i was determined to do what i could protect it.first， my teachers help，i used the from the school lab to test the quality of the river water. then，i used the data i had collected it to analyze the pollution of the river.finally，i a report on the pollution of the river to the local government.i also gave a presentation in class where i suggested that we / must make changes to protect our water resources.课时提能练(二十八)必修5unit 14careers(b)课时作业a：基础层面.单句语法填空1the local police turned him over to the fbi.2he ran into the burning house to save the employee without hesitation.3whether the factory will be in the charge of me or not，i will resign.4the demand for tea is on the decrease each year.5in case he comes(come) late，we can always sit in the bar.单句改错1when meeting with new words，we should consult to a dictionary.去掉to2the teacher asked the students to make out short dialogues by themselves.outup3the production cost of these trucks has decreased to one third compared to last year.第一个toby4they responded with my joke by laughing.withto5they are due to having a party next week.will you come along？havinghave.完成句子1he was_given_a_reward_for(因而得到奖赏) his contribution to science.2this job would be impossible without_the_aid_of(没有的帮助) a computer.3she is_hesitant_about(对感到犹豫) signing the contract.4there is，in_addition(此外)，one further point to make.5i cant go_into_detail(s)(详细叙述) now; it would take too long.课时作业b：能力层面.阅读理解a(2019南昌ncs20180607项目二模)at school，i was in the top set for maths.my teachers recommended that i study economics and statistics as my alevel subjects，but i had my mind set on a life fulfilled by the arts.in fact，i was a victim of a gender_stereotype made stronger since birth，that men do science and maths and women do arts or languages.computer science，technology and physics just did not figure in my teenage world view.nobody popular in my school chose to study those subjects.reality struck hard when i began attending job interviews and interviewers would say，“its great that you speak foreign languages，but what else do you do？” nobody asked my friends who had studied science or technology this kind of questions.a survey recently showed that three of the bestpaid jobs for women are in the technology sector.its a sector that really can change the world.we must show girls that technology has an effect on every industry out there，from fashion to architecture to journalism.anybody can learn to code and these days its as important as reading and writing.ive realized that at university id achieved the wrong kind of literacy.not being able to code limits your impact on the world far more than some ignorance of great literature.now i have a fiveyearold daughter.i dont want her to blindly follow gender roles the way i did.i want her to know the fact that a science or technical degree will not limit her creativity but expand it and broaden her horizons far more than my arts background could.im exposing her to minecraft and apps，which help improve analytical thinking and problemsolving skills.im hoping that my daughter will discover and accept her potential in science and want to change the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过切身经历，“我”讲述了传统性别观念对自己的负面影响。如今，作为一个五岁女孩的母亲，“我”希望她不要受到这种影响，而是在学习和职业上做出明智选择。1what does the underlined phrase “gender stereotype” in paragraph 2 refer to?apersonal learning style.bsex characteristic.cconventional sex concept.dprofession difference.c词义猜测题。根据第二段，尤其是该段第一句“in fact，i was a victim of.women do arts or languages.”可知，事实上，“我”自出生以来就是传统性别观念的受害者，人们始终认为男性适合科学和数学，而女性适合艺术或语言。据此可以判断，画线部分意指“传统性别观念”，故c项正确。2according to the author，which may be the benefit of learning science?aincreas