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中叶板零件冲压工艺与冲模设计,中叶,零件,冲压,工艺,冲模,设计
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毕业设计（论文）任务书I、毕业设计(论文)题目：中叶板零件冲压工艺与冲模设计II、毕 业设计(论文)使用的原始资料(数据)及设计技术要求：1.中叶板零件图2.生产纲领：中等批量3.要求完成零件的冲压工艺分析和冲压工艺规程的编制。 1) 分析冲件成形工艺、计算坯料展开 2）编制中叶板零件冲压工艺 3）完成中叶板卷圆成形模设计III、毕 业设计(论文)工作内容及完成时间：1. 查阅相关资料，外文资料翻译（6000字符以上），撰写开题报告。第1周第2周2.绘制中叶板冲件图，分析冲件成形工艺及坯料展开 第3周第6周3.编制中叶板冲压成形工艺规程； 第7周第8周4.绘制吊中叶板卷圆成形模总装图及零件图； 第9周第13周5.撰写毕业设计说明书（论文） 第14周第16周6.毕业设计审查，毕业答辩。 第17周 、主 要参考资料：1.冲模设计手册编写组.冲模设计手册.北京：冲模设计手册，19952. 陈为国. 铰链卷圆成形工艺及模具设计.模具工业，1998.73.王新华，袁联富编.冲模结构图册.北京：机械工业出版社，20034.罗益旋.冲压新工艺新技术及模具设计实用手册. 银声音像出版社，20045. GB28512875冷冲模国家标准 航空与机械工程 系 机械设计制造及其自动化 专业类 0781052 班学生（签名）： 冼振源填写日期： 2011 年 01 月 03 日指导教师（签名）： 陈为国 助理指导教师(并指出所负责的部分)：机械设计制造及其自动化 系主任（签名）：附注:任务书应该附在已完成的毕业设计说明书首页。录：中叶板零件图中叶板零件冲压工艺与冲模设计学生姓名：冼振源 班级：0781052指导老师：陈为国摘要：模具是工业产品生产用的重要工艺设备，模具工业已是工业发展的基础，许多新产品的开发和研制在很大程度上都依赖与模具的生产。可以预言，随着工业生产的不断发展，模具工业在国民经济中的地位将日益提高，并在国民经济发展过程中发挥越来越重要的作用。在冲压零件的生产中，合理的冲压成形工艺、先进的模具、高效的冲压设备是必不可少的三要素 。 本文介绍了止动件冲压模具的设计，先介绍了对工件进行工艺分析和模具设计的要点，然后介绍了模具设计的思路，模具的主要结构和主要零件的设计。最后确定了选用冲孔落料复合模。本次设计绘图采用AotuCAD，以AotuCAD为计算机辅助制图工具，使用简单，方便快捷，而且有极强的图形处理功能，可以大大缩短绘图的周期，在国内使用的较广泛。关键词:冲压模具 落料 冲裁预弯 剪裁 卷圆指导老师签名：stamping process and die design of hinge Vol yenStudent name：xian zhenyuan Class：0781052Supervisor：chen weiguo ABSTRACT ：The mold was the important process unit which the manufactured products production used, the mold industry already is the industrial development foundation, many new products developments and the development relied on to a great extent with molds production. May predict that along with industrial productions unceasing development, the mold industry will enhance day by day in national economys status, and plays more and more vital role in the national economy developing process. In the ramming components production, the reasonable ramming forming craft, the advanced mold, the highly effective ramming equipment are the essential three essential factors. Ramming processing characteristic: Because the cold stamping processing has the above prominent merit, therefore obtained the widespread application in the volume production, holds the very important status in the modern industry production, is the defense industry and in the consumer industry production the essential processing method. this article introduced the lock ramming molds design, introduced first carries on the process study and the mold design main point to the work piece, then introduced the mold design mentality, molds primary structure and the major parts design. Finally had determined selects the punch holes to fall the material superposable die. the this design cartography uses AotuCAD, take AotuCAD as the computer auxiliary charting tool, the use is simple, facilitates quickly, and has the greatly strengthened graphic processing function, may reduce cartography greatly the cycle, in domestic use widespread. key word: Stamping die falls the material Blanking of Preflex ClippingVol yenSignature of Supervisor: 外文翻译专 业 名 称 机械设计制造及其自动化班 级 学 号 078105232学 生 姓 名 冼 振 源指 导 教 师 陈 为 国填 表 日 期 2011 年 1 月 17 日General all-steel punching dies punching accuracyAccuracy of panel punching part is display the press accuracy of the die exactly. But the accuracy of any punching parts linear dimension and positional accuracy almost depend on the blanking and blanking accuracy,. So that the compound mould of compound punchings accuracy, is typicalness and representation in the majority.Analyse of the dies accuracy For the analyse of pracyicable inaccuracy during production of dies to inactivation, we could get the tendency when it is augmentation in most time. From this we could analyse the elements. When the new punch dies pt into production to the first cutter grinding, the inaccuracy produced called initial error; if the die grinding more than twenty times, until its discard, the inaccuracy called conventional error; and before the dies discard, the largest error of the last batch permit, called limiting error. at job site, the evidence to confirm life of sharpening is the higher of the blanking, punched hole or punched parts. Because all finished parts had been blanked ,so it is especially for the compound dies. Therefore, the analyse of burr and measurement is especially important when do them as enterprise standardization or checked with .The initial error usually is the minimal through the whole life of die. Its magnitude depend on the accuracy of manufacture, quality, measure of the punching part, thickness of panel, magnitude of gap and degree of homogeneity. The accuracy of manufacture depend on the manufacture process. For the 1 mm thicked compound punching part made in medium steel, the experimental result and productive practice all prove that the burr of dies which produced by spark cutting are higher 25%30% than produced by grinder ,NC or CNC. The reason is that not only the latter have more exact machining accuracy but also the value of roughness Ra is less one order than the formmer, it can be reached 0.025m. Therefore, the dies initial blanked accuracy depends on the accuracy of manufacture, quality and so on. The normal error of the punch die is the practicable error when the fist cutter grinding and the last cutter grinding before the die produce the last qualified product. As the increase of cutter grinding, caused the measure the nature wear of the dies are gradual increasing, the error of punching part increase also, so the parts are blew proof. And the die will be unused. The hole on the part and inner because the measure of wear will be small and small gradually, and its outside form will be lager in the same reason. Therefore, the hole and inner form in the part will be made mould according to one-way positive deviation or nearly equal to the limit max measure. In like manner, the punching parts appearance will be made mould according to one-way negative deviation or nearly equal to limit mini measure. For this will be broaden the normal error, and the cutter grinding times will be increased, the life will be long. The limit error in punching parts are the max dimension error which practicable allowed in the parts with limit error. This kind of parts usually are the last qualified products before the die discard.For the all classes of dies, if we analyse the fluctuate, tendency of increase and decrease and law which appeared in the dies whole life, we will find that the master of the error are changeless; the error that because the abrade of the cutter and impression will be as the cutter grinding times increased at the same time. And that will cause the error oversize gradually; and also have another part error are unconventional , unforeseen. Therefore, every die s error are composed of fixed error, system error, accident error and so on. 1. fixed error At the whole process when the New punching die between just input production to discard, the changeless master error that in qualified part are called fixed error. Its magnitude is the deviation when the die production qualified products before the first cutter grinding. Also is the initial error, but the die have initial punching accuracy at this time. Because of the abrade of parts, the die after grinding will be change the dimension error. And the increment of deviation will oversize as the times of cutter grinding. So the punching accuracy after cutter grinding also called “grinding accuracy” and lower tan initial accuracy. The fixed error depend on the elements factor as followed :(1) the material , sorts, structure, (form) dimension, and thick of panelthe magnitude of punching gap and degree of homogeneity are have a important effect for the dimension accuracy. Different punching process, material, thick of panel, have completely different gap and punching accuracy. A gear H62 which made in yellow brass with the same mode number m=0.34, 2mm thick and had a center hole, when the gap get C=0.5%t (single edge) , and punched with compound punching die, and the dimension accuracy reached IT7, the part have a flat surface ,the verticality of tangent plane reached 89.5, its roughness Ra magnitude are 12.5m, height of burr are 0.10mm; and the punching part are punched with progressive die, the gap C=7%t (single edge) , initial accuracy are IT11, and have an more rough surface, even can see the gap with eyes. In the usual situation, flushes a material and its thickness t is theselection punching gap main basis. Once the designation gap haddetermined flushes the plane size the fixed error main body; Flushesthe structure rigidity and the three-dimensional shape affects itsshape position precision.(2) punching craft and molder structure typeUses the different ramming craft, flushes a precision and the fixederror difference is really big. Except that the above piece gearexample showed, the essence flushes the craft and ordinary punching flushes a precision and the fixed error differs outside a magnitude,even if in ordinary punching center, uses the different gap punching, thefixed error difference very is also big. For example material thickt=1.5mm H62 brass punching, selects C = the 40%t unilateral I kind ofsmall gap punching compared to select C 4mm flushes, the size precision can lower some. Different dies structure type, because is suitable the rammingmaterial to be thick and the manufacture precision difference, causesto flush a fixed error to have leaves. Compound die center, multi-locations continuous type compound die because flushes continuously toduplicate the localization to add on the pattern making error to bebigger, therefore it flushes a fixed error compound punching die to wantcompared to the single location Big 1 2 levels (3) the craft of punching dies manufacturethe main work of punching die namely are raised, the concave moldprocessing procedure, to operates on the specification not to behigh, can time form a more complex cavity. But its processing surfaceapproximately is thick 0.03 0.05mm is the high temperatureablation remaining furcated austenite organization, degree ofhardness may reach as high as HRC67 70, has the micro crack, easilywhen punching appears broke the cutter or flaking. The Italian CorradaCorporations related memoir called the line cut the processing contruction to have the disadvantageous influence to the superficialgold, in fact already changed the gold contruction. We must use theJingang stone powder to grind or the numerical control continual pathcoordinates rub truncate (cut to line) to make the precision work . In recent years country and so on Switzerland and Japan, has conductedthe thorough research to the electrical finishing equipment and abigger improvement, makes function complete high accuracy NC and theCNC line cutter, the processing precision may reach 0.005 0.001mm,even is smaller. The processing surface roughness Ra value can achieve0.4 mu m. According to the recent years to the domestic 12 productionlines cutter factory investigation and study, the domesticallyproduced line cutter processing precision different factory differentmodel line cutter might reach 0.008 0.005mm, generally all in0.01mm or bigger somewhat, was individual also can achieve0.005mm, the processing surface roughness Ra value was bigger than1.6m. However, the electrical finishing ablation metal surface thus the change and the damage machined surface mental structure character can not change, only if with rubs truncates or other ways removes this harmful level. Therefore, merely uses electricity machining, including the spark cutting and the electricity perforation, achieves with difficulty punching, especially high accuracy, high life punching die to size precision and work components surface roughness Ra value request. With precisely rubs truncates the law manufacture punching die, specially makes the high accuracy, the high life punching die, such as: Thin material small gap compound punching die, multi- locations continuous type compound die and so on, has the size precision high, the work component smachined surface roughness Ra value is small, the mold life higher characteristic. Its processing craft at present changed the electrical fire by the past ordinary engine bed rough machining spark cutting or the electricity puncher rough machining, finally precisely rubs truncates, also from takes shape rubs, optics curve rubs, the manual grid reference rubs gradually filters the continual path grid reference to rub and NC and the CNC continual path grid reference rubs, Processing coarseness may reach 0.001 0.0005mm, the processing surface roughness Ra value may reach 0.1 0.025 mu m. Therefore, with this craft manufacture the die , regardless of the size precision, the work components surface roughness, all can satisfy die, each kind of compound request, the die is especially higher than the electrical finishing craft manufacture scale.(4) gap size and degree of homogeneity the flange and other sheet forming sgene rally all must first punching (fall material) the plate to launch the semi finished materials, after also has the forming to fall the material, the incision obtains the single end product to flush. Therefore punching the work, including is commonly used punching hole, the margin, cut side and so on, regarding each kind of sheet pressing partall is necessary. Therefore punching the gap to flushes a out form in chprecision to have the decisive influence. punching the gap small and is even, may cause punching the size gain high accuracy. Regarding drawability, is curving and so on mould, the gap greatly will decide increases flushes the oral area size error and the snapping back. The gapnon-uniformity can cause to flush a burr enlarges and incurs cutting edge the non-uniform attrition. (5) ramming equipment elastic deformation In the ramming process After the punch press load bearing can have the certain elastic deformation. Although this kind of distortion quantity according to flushes the pressure the size to change also to have the obvious directivity, but on the pressing part, mainly is to has the volume ramming archery target stamping, embosses, the equalization, the pressure is raised, the wave, flushes crowds, the shape, the flange, hits flatly, thinly changes draw ability and so on the craft work punching forming flushes, has the significant influence to its ramming aspect size precision普通全钢冲模的冲压精度分析板料冲压件的精度准确显示出其冲模的冲压精度。而任何冲件的线性尺寸精度与形位精度主要取决于冲模冲裁和立体成形冲压件展开平毛坯的落料精度。因此，多工步复合冲压的单工位复合模、多工位连续模的冲压精度，在普通冲压的众多种类与不同结构的冲模中，最具典型性和代表性。冲模的冲压精度分析对冲模投产至失效报废各个时期冲件的实际误差分析，可以看出其增大的时期及趋向，从而分析其增大的因素。新冲模投产至第一次刃磨前冲制冲件的误差即所谓的初始误差；冲模经过20次左右刃磨至失效报废前冲制的冲件误差称之为常规误差；而冲模失效报废前冲制的最后一批合格冲件的允许最大误差称之为极限误差。在现场，确定冲模刃磨寿命的依据是冲件冲孔与落料的毛刺高度。由于任何成形件都具有冲裁作业（毛坯落料或冲孔），对于复合模尤为如此。所以，冲件毛刺高度的触模检查和测量并按企业标准或JB4129-85冲压件毛刺高度对照检测就显得十分重要。冲模的初始误差通常是冲模整个寿命中冲件误差最小的。其大小主要取决于冲模的制造精度与质量及冲件尺寸、料厚以及间隙值大小与均匀度。冲模的制造精度及质量又取决于制模工艺。对于料厚t1mm的中碳钢复合冲裁模冲件，实验结果与生产实践都证明，电火花线切割制造的冲模冲件毛刺高度比用成型磨或NC与CNC连续轨迹座标磨即精密磨削工艺制造的冲模冲件要高25%30%。这是因为后者不仅加工精度高，而且加工面粗糙度Ra值要比前者小一个数量级，可达到0.025m。因此，冲模的制造精度与质量等因素决定了冲模的初始冲压精度，也造就了冲件的初始误差。冲件的常规误差是冲模经第一次刃磨到最后一次刃磨后冲出最后一个合格冲件为止，冲件实际具有的误差。随着刃磨次数的增加，刃口的自然磨损而造成的尺寸增量逐渐加大，冲件的误差也随之加大。当其误差超过极限偏差时，冲件就不合格，冲模也就失效报废。/冲件上孔与内形因凸模磨损尺寸会逐渐变小；其外形落料尺寸会因凹模磨损而逐渐增大。所以，冲件上孔与内形按单向正偏差标允差并依接近或几乎等于极限最大尺寸制模。同理，冲件外形落料按单向负偏差标注允差并依接近或几乎等于极限最小尺寸制模。这样就使冲件的常规误差范围扩大，冲模可刃磨次数增加，模具寿命提高。冲件的极限误差是具有极限偏差的冲件所具有的实际允许的最大尺寸误差。这类冲件通常是在冲模失效报废前冲制的最后一批合格冲件。对各类冲模冲件误差在冲模整个寿命中出现的波动、增减趋向及规律等进行全面分析便可发现：冲件误差的主导部分是不变的；因刃口或型腔的自然磨损而出现的误差增量随冲模刃磨冲数增加而使这部分误差逐渐加大；还有部分误差的增量是非常规的、不可预见的。所以，各类冲模冲件误差是由因定误差、渐增误差、系统误差及偶发误差等几部分综合构成。1、固定误差新冲模在指定的冲压设备上投入使用至失效报废的整个（总）寿命过程中，其合格冲件误差的主导部分固定不变即所谓固定误差。其大小就是新冲模第一次刃磨前冲制的合格冲件的偏差，也即冲模的初始误差，而此时的冲模具有初始冲压精度。刃磨后的冲模，因其工作零件（凸、凹模）磨损而改变尺寸误差，使冲件识差增量随刃磨次数增加而逐渐加大，故冲模刃磨后的冲压精度亦称“刃磨精度”比其初始精度要低。冲模冲件的固定误差取决于以下各要素：（1）冲件的材料种类、结构（形状）尺寸及料厚冲裁间隙的大小及其均匀度对冲裁件的尺寸精度有决定性的影响。不同冲裁工艺、不同材料种类与不等料厚，间隙相差悬殊，冲压精度差异很大。同一种模数m=0.34的2mm的料厚、中心有孔的H62黄铜材料片齿轮复合模冲件，当取间隙C=0.5%t（单边），用复合精冲模冲制，冲件尺寸精度达到IT7级，冲件平直无拱弯，冲切面垂直度可达8
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