unit1freshstart详解复习材料及翻译重点提示.docx

此文档收集于网络，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Unit 1 Words1. distress n./v. discreet a. discreetly ad. discretion / discreetness n.提出忠告要谨慎，接受忠告要虚心。You need to be discreet in giving advice, humble in accepting it.那人小心翼翼地把名片放进上衣口袋。The man discreetly slipped the card into his top pocket.他以最谨慎的态度处理此事。He handled the matter with his best discretion.2.distinct a. clearly seen, heard, felt, understood, etc.; noticeablee.g. Now that the boss was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude.The children have distinct memories of their grandfather in his last days.Comparison: distinct & distinctivedistinct: Something that is distinct can clearly be seen, heard, smelled, etc.e.g. There is a distinct smell of beer in this room.distinctive: It means having a special quality, character, or appearance that is different and easy to recognize.e.g. Beer has a very distinctive smell; its quite distinct from the smell of wine.Practice:One of the _ features of this book is its _ illustrations.本书特点之一就是具有清楚明了的图解。(Keys: distinctive, distinct)3.square v. (square ones shoulders) 4.discreetly 谨慎地ad.discreetness n. 谨慎 5. clutch vt. hold or grasp tightly; vi. try to grasp or seizee.g. The frightened woman clutched her bags to her breast.He clutched at the rope we had thrown to him but could not reach it.Synonyms: seize, graspe.g. She seized my arm as she fell.grasp the essence / main points6.reserve n.a quality in sb.s character that make them not like expressing their emotions or talking about their problemse.g. Being a man of reserve, Mr. York was never popular with his colleagues.Judy has tried every means to break through the reserve of her stepson.Derivation：reserved a.e.g. The English have a reputation for being reserved.7. glimpse n. a quick look at sb. or sth.e.g. I caught a glimpse of our new neighbor.a short experience of sth. that helps you begin to understand ite.g. Her worried face gave me a glimpse of her true feelings.她的忧伤表情使我感受到她内心的真实感情。8. whereaboutsn. approximate location; ad. used to ask in what general area sth. or sb. ise.g. The orphans whereabouts is / are still unknown.The police have appealed for information concerning the whereabouts of the stolen car used in the robbery.Whereabouts did you grow up?9. demeanor n.the way sb. behaves, dresses, speaks, etc. that shows what their character is like他的举止沉着、稳健。His demeanor was clam and steady.这个女孩子的态度娴静而谦逊。The girl has a quiet, modest demeanor.10.deliberation 审议；考虑 a./v. deliberate 故意的；从容的；深思熟虑的11. scribble (down) v.write sth. quickly and untidilye.g. I scribbled his phone number in my address book. He scribbled down our names.12.crack 破裂；打开13.anthology 选集14.crisp 卷的15.furious 激烈的16. grope v.try to find sth. that you cannot see by feeling with your handsCollocations:grope fore.g. Ginny groped for her glasses on the bedside table.grope arounde.g. We groped around in the darkness.go somewhere by feeling the way with your hands because you cannot seeCollocations:grope your way along / across, etc. e.g. I was groping my way blindly through the trees.17. goody (pl. goodies) n. sth. that is nice to eate.g. We bought lots of goodies for the picnic.sth. attractive, pleasant, or desirablee.g. The competition gives you the chance to win all sorts of goodies.Variant spelling: (British English) goodie18.puddle 水坑19.ketchup 番茄酱20.upright 笔直21. flail v.(cause sth. to) wave or swing about wildlye.g.I flailed my arms to get her attention.The babys feet flailed under the quilt.22.maneuver 策略maneuver v./n. maneuverable a.他设法跻身董事会。He maneuvered himself into the board of directors.在军事演习中，蓝军企图摸营，被红军挫败。In the military maneuver, the blue army attempted to attack the red armys sentinels in the dark, but was defeated.这艘船的大小适中，可操作性很强。The ship is of an appropriate size and is highly maneuverable.23.sandal 凉鞋24.brigade n.（旅；部队）/v.25. sneak v.go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen or heardCollocation:sneak in / out / away / offe.g.They sneaked off without paying!She snuck out of the house once her parents were asleep.Synonym: creep26. crunchy-chewy-salty-sweet biteHere the modifier “crunchy-chewy-salty-sweet” describes the texture and taste of the fast food, which is crunchy, chewy, salty and sweet.Word formation: The four adjectives are chained up with hyphens to form a new modifier placed before a noun.e.g. a red-hot news storyan all-round athlete27. tiptoe v.walk quietly and carefully on your toes, so that nobody hears youe.g. His mother tiptoed into the room. I tiptoed along the corridor.Collocation:tiptoe around (sth.): try to avoid dealing with a difficult or embarrassing subject or probleme.g. They were tiptoeing around the delicate subject of money.28. slink v.go or move in a quiet, stealthy way; move as if one feels guilty or ashamed, or does not want to be seene.g. She tried to slink (=sneak) out of the office so that nobody would see her.The cat slunk (=sneaked) through the grass toward its prey.29. malicious a.very unkind and cruel, and deliberately behaving in a way that is likely to upset or hurt sb.e.g. a malicious remarkmalicious gossipDerivation：malice (n.): a desire to harm sb. because you hate theme.g. He did it through malice.I am quite certain that his wife bears malice to/towards/against (=feels continuing dislike for) me.30. shackle n.a metal fastening, usually one of a pair, for encircling and confining the ankle or wrist of a prisoner or captive; (fig.) a restraint or check to action or progress, often used in the plural form.e.g. The policeman placed shackles on the suspects hands.It is hard to break through the shackles of habit.31. humiliation n. humiliate v. humiliating a.士可杀不可辱。A scholar prefers death to humiliation.他在老板面前批评他的同事，因而让同事蒙羞。He humiliated his colleague by criticising him in front of the boss.历史上中国曾被迫签署了太多屈节辱国的条约。In history, China has been forced to sign too many humiliating treaties.32. strategically ad. strategic a. strategy n.在战略上，我们应该藐视一切敌人。Strategically we should despise all our enemies.西部大开发战略吸引了全世界的注意。The large-scale development strategy for the western region drew worldwide attention.一般而言，首先参战的那方具有战略优势。Generally, the first to the field of battle has the strategic advantage.33. mature a. maturity n.Antonym: immature a. immaturity n.她是位成熟的夫人，但显得年轻而且异乎寻常地美丽。She was a mature woman, but appeared young and was extraordinarily beautiful.她到十六岁发育成熟。She had reached maturity by the time she was sixteen.不管熟还是没有熟的水果，都可以用糖来保存。The fruits, mature or immature, can be conserved with sugar. Phrases1. to ones distress 2. air of assurance 确信的样子 assurance n. assure v. assuring a.她向我们保证一切都会好起来的。She assured us that everything would turn out all right.or She gave us her assurance that everything would turn out all right.他的安慰话帮我排除了恐惧。His assuring words helped to banish my fear.3. tip off 提示；给线索give an advanced warning or hint toe.g. Somebody must have tipped the burglars off that the house would be empty.The police was tipped off about the robbery.4. rear end(informal) the part of your body which you sit on5.die down 逐渐消失6. run with the crowdComparison and translationAn independent man, Peter never goes with the tide.彼得是个有主见的人，从不随大流。You can do what you want to do, but never follow the crowd.你想做什么就做什么，可别随大流。Hait hasnt got a mind of his own on any matter of importance; he just swims with the t