高中英语Unit 3 Science versus natureGrammar课件外研版必修五.ppt

welcome unit3 grammar theverb edform canyoutellthefunctionoftheverb inginthefollowingsentences theteacher sencouragingwordsmadeallthestudentsregainconfidence thestoryhetolduswasveryexciting iwatchedtheathletesjumpingfromthedivingboardintotheswimmingpool theattribute thepredicative objectcomplement averb edformcanalsoserveasattribute predicativeandobjectcomplement whentheverb edformisusedasanattribute itcanbechangedintoanattributeclause nowpleasetelltheuseoftheverb edforminthefollowingsentences idon tlikecannedfood iprefersomethingfresh 2 chinahasnotimetolosetocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesintheworld 3 themandeliveringmailstomyofficeeverydayisaretiredworker theverb edformsinthesesentencesareallusedastheattribute andaverb edcanappearafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributiveclausedoes canyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb edform 1 weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled weshoulddrinkboiledwater 2 theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce 3 thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen thekidnapperswereusingastolencar 4 thedark hairedmanwentintotheroom themanwhowasdark hairedwentintotheroom 5 thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome thenamementionedintheletterwasknowntome 6 thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire 1 edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung 2 thelittleboywasveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty lookatthefollowingsentences theverb edformsinterestedandexcitedinthetwosentencesareusedaspredicatives theyfollowlinkverbs thecakewasleftuntouchedonthetable thegirllaytrappedunderthewreckage inthesesentences theverb edformsareusedasadverbs hetriedtomakehimselfunderstoodbyhisstudentsinclass 2 ihadmyhaircutyesterday theverb edformsareusedastheobjectcomplementsinthesentences theverb edformcanexpressdifferentmeanings thatis thepassiveandthepastmeaning forexample englishisawidelyusedlanguage englishisalanguagewhichisusedwidely thepassive healwayswearsthickglassesandholdsabookinhishand whichmakeshisneighboursthinkheisawell educatedman healwayswearsthickglassesandholdsabookinhishand whichmakeshisneighboursthinkheisamanwhoiswell educated thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaveswhenautumnwindblows thegroundiscoveredwithleaveswhichhavefallenwhenautumnwindblows somecountriesliketheusaandjapanaredevelopedcountries somecountriesliketheusaandjapanarecountrieswhichhavedeveloped past averb edcanbeusedafterverbslikestand sitandlietoshowthatthetwoactionsarehappeningatthesametime thegirllayinbedlostinthought thegirllayinbedandwaslostinthought theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework theboysatatthetableandwasburiedinhishomework averb edphraseisactuallyaverb edfollowedbyanobjectand oradverbial verb edphrasesespeciallythepassiveonescanbeusedtoexpressthetime thereasonandthecondition canyourewritethefollowingsentences usingclausesintroducedbywhen once because if unless frightenedbythescene thegirldidnotdaregooutalone becauseshewasfrightenedbythescene thegirldidnotdaregooutalone 2 onceseen itcanneverbeforgotten onceitisseen itcanneverbeforgotten 3 unlessinvited iwillnotgototheparty unlessiaminvited iwillnotgototheparty 4 givenanotherfivedays icouldfinishitintime ifiwasgivenanotherfivedays icouldfinishitintime 5 lostinthought healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim becausehewaslostinthought healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim 6 whentoldthenews hecouldn thelpcrying whenhewastoldthenews hecouldn thelpcrying note 过去分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致 thedifferencesbetweenverb edformsandtheverb ingforms 1 作状语 分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致的情况下 如果分词和句子的主语之间在逻辑上是被动关系 用过去分词 否则用现在分词 分词短语也可以有自己的逻辑主语 这种结构称为独立主格结构 分词作状语可以相当于一个状语从句 现在分词的被动式 习惯上不作伴随状语 注意比较下面的句子 seenfromthespace theearthlooksblue keptinrefrigerator thesevegetableswillremainfresh whenitisseenfromspace theearthlooksblue iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator thesevegetableswillremainfresh walkinginthestreet icameacrossanoldfriend wheniwaswalkinginthestreet icameacrossanoldfriend afterhisjourneyfromabroad richardjonesreturnedhome beingexhausted 误 afterhisjourneyfromabroad richardjonesreturnedhome exhausted 正 hergrandfatherbeingill shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim 独立主格机构 2 作表语 一般来说 表示心理状态的动词如excite interest等都是及物动词 汉语意思不是 激动 高兴 而是 使激动 使高兴 因而现在分词应该是 令人激动的 令人高兴的 过去分词则是 感到激动的 和 感到高兴的 所以 凡表示 令人 的 都是 ing形式 凡是表示 感到 都用 ed形式 换句话说 ed形式常和人有关 ing形式常和物有关 look expression等词作主语时常用 ed形式作表语 但有时要看具体情况 请在下面的几组句中体会他们的区别 thenewswasveryexciting thebookisinteresting thequestionispuzzling hisexpressionwasfrightening iwasexcitedatit heisinterestedinit hislookispuzzled iwasfrightened delighting令人高兴的disappointing令人失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的satisfying令人满意的 delighted感到高兴的disappointed感到失望的encouraged感到鼓舞的pleased感到愉快的satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的worrying令人担心的tiring令人疲倦的boring令人厌烦的 surprised感到惊异的worried感到担心的tired感到疲倦的bored感到厌烦的 3 作定语 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作已完成 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生 与修饰词是主谓关系 thepicturehangingonthewallispaintedbymynephew thebuildingbeingbuiltisahospital theflowerssmellingsweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature lindaworkedfortheminnesotamanufacturingandminingcompany knownas3m thekeytosolvingtheproblemistomeetthedemandmadebythecustomers pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices 便于记忆 ed形式和 ing形式作表语及作定语时的区别的句子 iaminterestedintheinterestingbook hewasexcitedattheexcitingnews theparentsweredisappointedabouttheirdisappointingson mr smith tiredoftheboringspeech startedtoreadanovel 4 作补语 跟分词作宾补的动词有 catch haveget keep hear find feel leave make want start notice observe watch set等 在复合宾语中 用现在分词作宾补 说明宾语是动作的发出者 形成逻辑上的主谓关系 用过去分词作宾补 表示宾语是动作的承受者 构成逻辑上的动宾关系 therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn tmakehimselfheard whenheawoke hefoundhimselfbeinglookedafterbyanoldwoman justnowicaughthimstealingthingsfromthesupermarket lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren sactionsagainstthelawsgetparentsworried note 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中 已经存在一个主句 谓语动词 又没有连词的情况下 还有别的动词出现时 并非分词的逻辑主语都要和句子的主语一致 此时的分词短语又可称为垂悬状语 有些动词不定式也可以这样运用 常见的这种情况有 strictlyspeaking smokingisnotallowedhere judgingfromwhathesaid heisasoutherner takenasawhole thereisnothingimportantinhisspeech totellyouthetruth idon tlikeenglishteacher tospeakfrankly idon tagreewithyouaboutthecase 动词 ed的逻辑主语 链接高考 1 things nevercomeagain icouldn thelptalkingtomyself 2007湖南 a lostb losingc tolosed havelost 2 theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless everyday 2007四川 a wateredb wateringc waterd towater 3 johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner andwithhiswork hegladlyacceptedit 2007安徽 a finishedb finishingc havingfinishedd wasfinished 4 heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem inhislectures 2007江苏 a interestedb interestingc interestd tointerest 5 pleaseremain untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop 2007山东 a tosealb tobeseatedc seatingd seated 6 theresearchissodesignedthatonce nothingcanbedonetochangeit 02全国 beginsb havingbegunc beginningd begun 7 inthemountainsforaweek thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice 05江苏卷 a havinglostb lostc beinglostd losing 8 inawhiteuniform helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor 05湖南卷 dressedb todressc dressingd havingdressed9 time he llmakeafist classtennisplayer 03北京 havinggivenb togivec givingd given 10 therepairscostalot butit smoneywell 05湖北卷 a tospendb spentc beingspentd spending11 lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents 04重庆 worriedb toworryc worryingd worry 12 amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe murderlastnight 04江苏 advisedb attendedc attemptedd admitted13 theprizeofthegameshowis 30 000andanallexpenses vacationtochina 05北京卷 payingb paidc tobepaidd beingpaid 14 intouseinapril2000 thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns 05上海卷 putb puttingc havingputd beingput 15 helenhadtoshout abovethesoundofthemusic 04广西 makingherselfhearb tomakeherselfhearc makingherselfheardd tomakeherselfheard withthesizeofthewholeearth thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall 04湖北 a compareb whencomparingc comparingd whencompared bythebeautyofnature thegirlfromlondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm 04辽宁 a attractingb attractedc tobeattractedd havingattracted 18 whenfirst tothemarket theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess 04全国ii a introducingb introducedc introduced beingintroduced19 thedisc digitally inthestudio soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight 04上海 a recordedb recordingc toberecordedd havingrecorded 20 sarah hurryup i mafraidyouwon thavetimeto beforetheparty 04全国i a getchangedb getchangec getchangingd gettochange21 andhappy tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize 2006全国 a surprisingb surprisedc beingsurprisedd tobesurprising consolidation what sthelanguage innewzealand english speakingb spokenc bespokend tospeak2 thecar ingermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow producedb producingc toproduced whichproduced 3 you dbetterhaveyoursportsjacket it stoodirty thanks iwill towashb washedc washingd wash4 yesterdayiheardastory bymyfriend toldb tellingc totelld tell 5 thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain astheplanewasmakingalanding seatb seatingc seatedd tobeseating6 tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone sskin a exposedb havingexposedc beingexposedd afterbeingexposed 7 generallyspeaking when accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect takingb takenc totaked tobetaken8 thefirsttextbooks forteachingenglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury havingbeenwrittenb tobewrittenc beingwrittend written 9 isthisthewatchyouwish tohaverepairedb torepairitc tohaveitrepairedd willberepaired10 manytimes buthestillcouldn tunderstandit a havingbeentoldb thoughhehadbeentoldc hewastoldd havingtold translation 这扇朝南的窗户是破的 我们的班主任是一位受人爱戴的女性 我今天收到的那封信是我哥哥寄来的 thewindowfacingthesouthisbroken ourheadteacherisawomanlovedbyall theletterthatreachedmetodayisfrommybrother 4 输掉那场比赛后 她看上去很失望 5 从山顶看这座城市时 它看起来很壮丽 6 那位教授在学生们的簇拥下 兴高采烈地坐在那儿 shelookeddisappointedaftershelostthegame seenfromthetopofthehill thecitylookssignificant surroundedbyhisstudents theprofessorsattherecheerfully languagepoints 1 figureout tofinallyunderstandsth orsb orfindthesolutiontoaproblemafteralotofthought questionword ican tfigureoutwhyhedidit canyoufigureouttheanswertoquestion5 我不能理解他为什么做这件事 你能算出第五个问题的答案吗 puzzle v i adverborprep t tofeelconfusedandslightlyworried thefindingsofthesurveypuzzleme 调查的发现使我困惑 questionword itpuzzlesmewhyshesaidthat 她为什么那样说使我很困惑 n s asituationwhichisdifficulttounderstand c agameortoyinwhichyouhavetofitseparatepiecestogether oraproblemorquestionwhichyouhavetoanswerbyusingyourskillorknowledge scientistshavebeentryingtosolvethispuzzleforyears 多年来科学家门一直在尽力解开这一谜底 acrosswordpuzzle puzzledadjconfusedbecauseyoudonotunderstandsth hehadapuzzledlookonhisface i mstillpuzzledastowhyshesaidthat i mabitpuzzledthatihaven theardfromtomforsolong 他脸上有一丝感到困惑的表情 至于她为什么那样说我仍然感到困惑 我很久没有收到tom的来信我感到困惑 puzzlingadj difficulttoexplainorunderstand it saratherpuzzlingfilm apuzzlingsituation 3 cautious 1 describessb whoavoidsris