Data types and basic definitions(英文版)(ppt 21页).ppt

CourseContents IntroductionDatatypesandbasicdefinitionsDistributions summarystatisticsSampling SingleVariableAnalysisControlchartProcesscapabilitystudy Lesson2 DataTypesandBasicDefinitions L201Definepopulationandsample distinguishbetweendescriptionsofpopulationandsample L202Definebasicstatisticalterms variation variable qualitycharacteristic andvalue L203Listthetypesofdataanddefineeach ContinuousorDiscrete NominalorOrdinal PopulationsandSamples Population Allmembersofaspecifiedgroup Sample Asubsetofaspecifiedgroupofdata PopulationsandSamples Continued Examplesoftypicalpopulations Allfifthgradestudentsin1999 AllpartsprocessedthroughtheP858ILDO InnerLayerDialectricOperation depositionprocessinFebruary2000 Examplesoftypicalsamples 3fifthgradestudentsfrom5schoolswithineach 5sitesoneachof30waferstakenfromlotsprocessedinFebruary2000 DiscussionScenarios Scenario1Youneedtoestimatetheweightofgoldfish Youweigh2000randomlyselectedgoldfishandrecordtheirweights Whatisthepopulation Whatisthesample Population allgoldfish Sample 2000randomlyselectedgoldfish DiscussionScenarios Continued Scenario2Youneedtoestimategoldwirestrengthforalotcontaining25reels Youselecta10cmsectionfromeachof12reels Whatisthepopulation Whatisthesample Population 25reels Sample 10cmsectionfromeachof12reels PracticeItems 1 Whatisthedifferencebetweenapopulationandasample Apopulationisallmembersofaspecifiedgroup Asampleisasubsetofapopulation 2 InAssembly bondlinethicknessismeasuredonfourunitsfromeachlotprocessedthroughtheline Whatisthepopulation Whatisthesample Population Everyunitfromeverylotmadewiththisprocess Sample Fourunitsperlot 3 Givetwomanufacturingexamplesofpopulationsandsamples Terminology Variation Datavaluesarenotallthesame Productsmadefromthesameprocessarenotidentical SourcesofVariation Totalvariationisacombinationofdifferentsourcesofvariation Eachsourcecanbemeasuredandcompared SourcesofVariation Continued Assignable Special UnnaturalCauseAsourceofvariationwhichresultsinalargeamountoffluctuationintheprocessNotpartofthewaytheprocessnormallyoperatesViolationofstandardoperatingproceduresUnusualeventsorexcursionCanbeeasilyidentifiedandeliminatedE g MSerror faultysetup batchofdefectiverawmaterial etc Random Common NaturalCauseAsourceofvariationwhichresultsinanaturalfluctuationintheprocessIndicativeofastable predictableprocessIsintrinsictotheprocess itcannotbechangedwithoutchangingthebasicdesignoftheprocessContributionofmachinedesign processdesign incomingmaterialTypicallydifficultorcostlytoeliminateE g slightvibrationinmachines slightvariationinrawmaterial etc Terminology Continued ImportanceofVariation Ourgoalistoreducevariation Wecannoteliminateit butwecancontrolit Weusestatisticstoquantifyitandunderstanditscauses Reducingvariationresultsin Predictable controllableoutput Improvedyields Increasedprofitability Terminology Continued Variable Anycharacteristicofapersonorthing QualityCharacteristic Thespecificvariableaboutwhichinformationwillbecollected Value Actualnumberthatdescribesthequalitycharacteristicselectedasavariable DiscussionScenarios Scenario1Duetoarecentprocessproblem allprocessareasneedtodetermineiftheyarerunningontarget Atoneprocessstep thicknessmeasurementsarerecorded Whatisthequalitycharacteristic ThicknessWhatarethevaluesofthequalitycharacteristic 23 4 145 0 etc Whatquestionswouldyouasktohaveabetterunderstandingofthesourcesofvariationinthisdata PracticeItems 1 Whatisvariationandwhydowecareaboutit Variationisthechangeindatavaluesthatoccurduetoavarietyofsources Wecareaboutitbecauseminimizingvariationallowsusmorecontroloverourprocesses 2 Whataretwoexamplesofsourcesofvariation Environment Materials Method Equipment People Information orcanbemorespecific PracticeItems Continued 3 Whatisavariable Givetwomanufacturingexamples Acharacteristicofapersonorthing 4 Whatisaqualitycharacteristic Givetwomanufacturingexamples Aqualitycharacteristicisthespecificvariableaboutwhichinformationwillbecollected ContinuousData Valuesfallatanypointalongacontinuum Examples Height temperature dimensions DiscreteData Categoricaldata Examples students failuretypes Twotypescoveredinthisclass Nominal Ordinal Unorderedcategories Orderedcategories E g Failurebins inspectors E g Lotnumbers DataTypes DiscussionScenarios Scenario1Whichofthedatatypes listallthatapply areeachofthesequalitycharacteristics Colors red orange blue Discrete Nominal Visualdefectsonsubstrates Scratches foreignmaterial dents Discrete Nominal AveragedailytemperatureinPhoenix Arizona Continuous DiscussionScenarios Continued Scenario1 Continued Whichofthedatatypes listallthatapply areeachofthesequalitycharacteristics Time inhours spentontheinterneteveryweek Continuous Quartersinacalendaryear Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Discrete Ordinal Outgoingvisualinspectionresultsfromathermalplatesupplier Discrete Nominal DiscussionScenarios Continued Scenario1 Continued Whichofthedatatypes listallthatapply areeachofthesequalitycharacteristics Substratecoplanarityresultsfromincomingmeasurementsoninterposers Continuous Open Short datafromasubstratesupplier sendoflinemanufacturingprocess Discrete Nominal Underfillmaterialviscosityfromsupplier Continuous DiscussionScenarios Continued Scenario2Belowisanexampleofafilecontainingprocessdatafromthefactory IdentifyeachofthevariablesasNominal OrdinalorContinuous Entity Nominal Thickness Continuous Date Continuous measurementsoftime Product Nominal Lot Ordinal Particles Continuous foranalysispurposes PracticeItems 1 Describeacriticaldifferencebetweencontinuousanddiscretedata Discret