浙江省宁波市2019届高三英语4月模拟考试试题（含解析）.doc

浙江省宁波市2019届高三英语4月模拟考试试题（含解析）选择题部分第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.why cant the woman tell the man the time? a. her bus is coming.b. she forgot her phone.c. her clock isnt reliable.【答案】c【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。2.what does the man want to do with the money?a. hire a babysitter.b. go to a performance.c. join an educational program.【答案】b【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。3.what does the woman mean?a. the man should lock the car doors.b. the man should let his dog out of the hot car.c. the man should take his baby into the store with him.【答案】b【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.how does the woman probably feel now?a. excited.b. worried.c. stressed.【答案】a【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.who might the man be?a. a crew member.b. a doctor.c. a taxi driver.【答案】a【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二节 (共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. how long has billy been having problems learning english?a. for eight years.b. for two years.c. for five years.7. what level has billy reached?a. the beginner levelb. the intermediate level.c. the advanced level.【答案】6. b 7. b【解析】【6题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【7题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8. why is the man apologizing?a. he arrived late.b. he missed a full day of work.c. he didnt tell the woman about his back.9. why did the man stop taking his medicine?a. his back is getting betterb. he couldnt afford it.c. it tasted terrible.10. what can we learn about the man at the end of the conversation?a. he took the wrong medicine,b. he didnt take the right amount of medicine.c. he should have put the medicine on his skin.【答案】8. a 9. c 10. c【解析】【8题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【9题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【10题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11. how does donalds mom know the dog was not fed?a. the dog tried to eat the plant.b. there is no dog food in the bowl.c. the twenty-dollar bill is sill on the table.12. how long were the parents probably gone?a. a day.b. a weekend.c. two hours.13. what will the parents probably do next?a. clean up the house.b. apologize to donald.c. book a room for the weekend.【答案】11. b 12. a 13. a【解析】【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14. when did the woman move to the neighborhood?a. only a week ago.b. about a month ago.c. a few years ago.15. why did the man get to the womans house?a. to introduce himself.b. to repair some damage to her house.c. to talk about the noise and garbage problem.16. what is the mans attitude toward the woman?a. angry and unreasonable.b. impatient and proud.c. kind and polite.17. what would the woman probably do?a. ignore the mans requests.b. try not to disturb her neighbors.c. let the man bring the garbage down.【答案】14. b 15. c 16. c 17. b【解析】【14题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【17题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18. what was inside tims backpack?a. a small phone.b. his recent work papers.c. some things to help him look his best.19. why was tim confident about his meeting?a. he was well-prepared.b. he had a lot of work experiencec. he knew everything about the company.20. what happened to bill harris?a. he was not feeling well.b. he was stuck in the traffic.c. he was meeting someone else.【答案】18. c 19. a 20. a【解析】【18题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题:每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。astephen hillenburg the us animator whose childhood summers on a maine island later inspired him to create the famous cartoon sponge bob squarepants (海绵宝宝), passed away on nov. 26 at the age of 57.hillenburg was interested in the ocean as a child and developed a love for art. he studied natural resource planning and interpretation at college, with an emphasis on marine resources. “it dawned on me that if i was going to do a show on animals, id do a show about undersea animals-all the ones that im interested in and know a lot about,” hillenburg told enterlainrment weekly in 2010. “i focused on the sponge because its one of the more special creatures.”but although he wasnt sure whether people would like a cartoon about the ocean, he stuck with it. “we just try to make ourselves laugh, then ask if its appropriate for children,” hillenburg told the associated press in 2001. “the essence (精华) of the show is that spongebob is an innocent in a world of worldly characters.”what hillenburg probably didnt expect was that the adventures of this “innocent” character in his underwater hometown would be such a success. there have been nearly 250 episodes to date. it has won several emmy awards, and has been shown in more than 60 languages.spongebob was popular because he appealed not only 10 children but to older viewers as well, including college students, who held viewing parties for the show. children liked spongebobs innocence, teenagers and young adults loved the shows humor, while the more mature enjoyed it as part of meme culture. but it was above all the characters innocence that attracted people.the shows most important message, hillenburg once said, “is that innocence prevails-which i dont think it always does in real life”.21. what can we learn from the passage?a. hillenburg created sponge bob squarepants especially for children.b. hllenburg was sure that sponge bob squarepants would be a success at first.c. hillenburgs educational background contributed to sponge-bob squarepants.d. hillenburgs childhood summers had nothing to do with sponge bob squarepants.22. what makes sponge-bob squarepants popular?a. it attracts children, adults and old people.b. it has won emmy awards for many times.c. it focuses on the innocence of spongebob.d. it is about very unusual undersea creatures.23. the underlined word in the last paragraph can be replaced by “ .”a. winsb. happensc. countsd. grows【答案】21. c 22. c 23. a【解析】本文是一篇说明文。海伦伯格的教育背景促成了海绵宝宝的诞生。海绵宝宝的纯真让海绵宝宝大受欢迎。海伦伯格曾说过，这部剧传达的最重要信息是“纯真无处不在我认为在现实生活中并非总是如此”。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句hillenburg was interested in the ocean as a child and developed a love for art.“海伦伯格从小就对海洋感兴趣，并对艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”可知，海伦伯格的教育背景促成了海绵宝宝的诞生。故选c。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“the essence (精华) of the show is that spongebob is an innocent in a world of worldly characters.”可知，海绵宝宝的纯真让海绵宝宝大受欢迎。故选c。【23题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段the shows most important message, hillenburg once said, “is that innocence prevails-which i dont think it always does in real life”.海伦伯格曾说过，这部剧传达的最重要信息是“纯真无处不在我认为在现实生活中并非总是如此”。由此推知划线词的意思是“获胜”。故选a。bimagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedal (加速踏板)under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “the fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. should i take it?” you say “yes” and you are on your way. the car responds and starts moving all by itself. all you have to do is sit back and relax.how wonderful would i be if one day in the future, everyone had such a car? no crazy driving no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. on the other hand,imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.theres no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. the potential for safer cars means accident statistics e would drop. older drivers and visually-or physically-disabled people would gin a new level of freedom. maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would greatly reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels.but we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their living. according to the u.s. department of labor, in may 2015 there were505,560 registered school bus drivers. the american trucking association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the u.s.the companies developing self-driving vehicles should be cooperating with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for these people, many of whom will be replaced by the new technology this is similar to whats happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political dissatisfaction in this country.new technologies will, and should, be developed. this is how society moves forward.however, progress cant be one-sided. it is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the moral consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.24. what can we infer from the first paragraph?a. drivers do not have to do anything to get the car started.b. imagination plays an important role in developing new cars.c. self-driving cars provide people with comfort and relaxation.d. future cars are able to communicate freely with their owners.25. what would be the positive impact of self-driving cars?a. local governments could save a lot of money.b. disabled people could go anywhere they want.c. traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.d. the environment would be totally free of pollution.26. what does the author advise businesses and the government to do?a. keep pace with technological developments.b. make new technologies affordable to everyone.c. enable people to benefit from new technologies.d. popularize the use of new technologies and devices.【答案】24. c 25. a 26. c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍自动驾驶汽车以及它给人们和政府带来的好处。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中you say “yes” and you are on your way. the car responds and starts moving all by itself. all you have to do is sit back and relax.“你说“是”，然后你就上路了。汽车做出反应，开始自己移动。你所要做的就是坐下来放松一下。”可知，自动驾驶汽车给人们带来舒适和放松。故选c。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句on the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.可知，地方政府可以节省很多钱。故选a。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段new technologies will, and should, be developed. this is how society moves forward.however, progress cant be one-sided. it is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the moral consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.“新技术将得到开发，也应该得到开发。社会就是这样向前发展的。然而，进步不能是单方面的。涉及的公司和国家机构有必要考虑这些潜在变化的道德后果，为所有人创造更美好的未来。”可知，作者建议企业和政府让人们从新技术中受益。故选c。【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第2小题，根据第二段最后一句on the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.可知，地方政府可以节省很多钱。可知，地方政府可以节省很多钱。故选a。cwhen we look at a lovely baby, a puppy or a really cute kitten many of us want to squeeze it. why is that?according to a study published in the journal frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, its a typical experience of “cute aggression”. the experience results from the fight between the brains “emotion system”, which impels (驱使) people to squeeze cute things, and its “reward system” which deals with feelings of “wanting”.in the study, 54 participants between the ages of 18 and 40 were presented with four groups of photos. two of the groups of photos were of cute human babies and animals and the other two were of less adorable adult humans and animals. as the participants looked at the photos, there searchers watched their brain activities.according to the researchers, the participants reward systems were found to be active as they looked at the cute babies, and they seemed to be overwhelmed(征服的). by contrast, the reward systems of the people looking at the less cute adults were found to be inactive, and they seemed to be less impelled by their reward systems.this suggests that cute things activate their emotion systems in such a way that people are overwhelmed by the experience of cuteness. but reward systems work against these emotions by creating the desire to protect cute things.as katherine stavropoulos, the lead researcher of this study at the university of california in the us told science alert, “the cute aggression is the brains way of bringing us back down by balancing our feelings of being overwhelmed.”stavropoulos compared this process of balancing to an evolutionary adaptation. such an adaptation may have taken place to ensure that people are able to continue taking care of creatures they consider particularly cute.so, although cute babies and adorable animals may look completely helpless, their vulnerable( 易受伤害的) appearance may in fact help them to survive.27. according to the text, “cute aggression” refers to .a. the emotion of wanting to protect cute thingsb. the task of emotion system and reward systemc. the adaptation of consistently taking care of cute creaturesd. the behavior of squeezing a cute baby or animal when seeing it28. in nature, “cute aggression” is caused by .a. the need of the brain to balance all feelingsb. the photos of cute human babies and animalsc. the vulnerable appearance of babies or animalsd. the conflict between emotion system and reward system29. which of the following statements about the study is true?a. facial expressions of the participants were observed.b. katherine stavropoulos conducted this study on her own.c. cute babies and animals affected brain activities of all the participants.d. the participants were divided into two groups in order to make comparison.30. what is the authors purpose in writing this text?a. to persuade readers to protect cute animals.b. to stress the significance of cute aggression.c. to present research findings on cute aggression.d. to share an interesting phenomenon with readers【答案】27. d 28. d 29. c 30. c【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于“cute aggression”的研究成果。【27题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句when we look at a lovely baby, a puppy or a rally cute kitten many of us want to squeeze it.“当我们看到可爱的婴儿、小狗或拉力赛可爱的小猫时，我们很多人都想捏它。”由此可知“cute aggression”指的是看到可爱的婴儿或动物时捏它的行为。故选d。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中the experience results from the fight between the brains “emotion system”, which impels (驱使) people to squeeze cute things, and its “reward system” which deals with feelings of “wanting”.“这种体验来自于大脑的“情感系统”和“奖励系统”之间的斗争，前者促使人们挤压可爱的东西，后者处理“想要”的感觉。”可知，在自然界中，“cute aggression”是由情感系统与奖励系统的冲突引起的。故选d。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中according to the researchers, the participants reward systems were found to be active as they looked at the cute babies, and they seemed to be overwhelmed(征服的).“研究人员称，当参与者看着可爱的婴儿时，他们的奖励系统被发现是活跃的，而且他们似乎不知所措。”可知，可爱的婴儿和动物影响所有参与者的大脑活动。故选c。【30题详解】目的意图题。根据第六段as katherine stavropoulos, the lead researcher of this study at the university of california in the us told science alert, “the cute aggression is the brains way of bringing us back down by balancing our feelings of being overwhelmed.” 美国加州大学这项研究的首席研究员凯瑟琳斯塔夫罗普洛斯告诉科学警报杂志，“可爱的攻击性是大脑通过平衡我们被压垮的感觉来把我们拉回来的方式。”可知，本文的写作目的是展示关于cute aggression的研究结果。故选c。第二节 (共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging._31_ work on not acting like a child by managing your emotions. with a little bit of practice, you will begin to see yourself acting more like an adult than a child accept responsibility for your actions.you should take responsibility for your actions, whether they are intentional (故意的) or unintentional._32_failing to accept responsibility may seem like a good idea at the time, but in the long term it will not benefit you. for example, if you accidentally back into your neighbors car, let them know by writing them a note or knocking on their door. then, correct your mistake by paying for the damage. show people respect.respect your partner, family members, friends, and strangers._33_as you grow up and mature, you should understand the concept of respect and why it is important giving respect will also give you more respect in return. develop a way to handle conflict maturely.when you are faced with a conflict, it is important to keep your emotions in check. control your anger and avoid becoming aggressive. _34_ give yourself time to cool down if you are really angry. this will prevent you from saying and doing things that you shouldnt do in the heat of the moment. receive feedback (反馈) positively.people learn and grow by receiving feedback and criticism from others. you should accept that you dont know everything and that feedback from an expert is not meant to hurt you. it is meant to help you. for example, thoroughly read through your edits on your research paper. _35_a. take on adult responsibilities.b. oftentimes, you may still feel like a child.c. children are often selfish and disrespectful.d. it is a sign of maturity and respect for otherse. these edits will help improve your writing in the future.f. this can help you get higher marks in many of your subjects.g. take a deep breath, listen, and work through the conflict with the other individual【答案】31. b 32. d 33. c 34. g 35. e【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是从童年到成年如何转变的建议。【31题详解】上文提示“从童年到成年的转变是很有挑战性的。”再根据下文提示“学会控制自己的情绪，不要表现得像个孩子。”承接上下文，b项oftentimes, you may still feel like a child.（通常，你可能仍然觉得自己像个孩子。）切题。故选b。【32题详解】上文提示“无论你的行为是有意的还是无意的，你都应该对自己的行为负责。”承接上文，d项it is a sign of maturity and respect for others（这是成熟和尊重他人的标志）切题。故选d。【33题详解】上文提示“尊重你的伴侣、家人、朋友和陌生人。”再根据下文提示“随着你的成长和成熟，你应该理解尊重的概念，为什么给予尊重很重要，也会给你更多的尊重作为回报。”承接上下文，c项 children are often selfish and disrespectful.（孩子们常常自私无礼，不尊重别人。）切题。故选c。【34题详解】上文提示“当你面临冲突时，控制自己的情绪是很重要的。控制你的愤怒，避免变得咄咄逼人。”再根据后文的cool down 可知是让自己平静的方法，承接上下文，g项take a dee