中考副词复习.doc

副词（一）副词是用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词，主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。1作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子。e.g.Please listen to me carefully. 请你认真地听我讲。The boy is too young. 这男孩太小了。Luckily, he was not badly hurt. 幸运地，他伤得不是太重。2作表语，表示方位上的变化。e.g.My father will be back in a week. 我父亲一周后回来。3作宾语补足语。e.g.Let him in, please. 请让他进来。(二)副词的位置1一般作状语时放在谓语动词之后。如果谓语动词带有宾语，副词则放在宾语后面。e.g.We all study hard. 我们努力学习。He is drawing a horse carefully. 他在认真地画一匹马。2频度副词作状语时放在be动词或助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。e.g.He is always late for school. 他总是上学迟到。I often go to see my grandparents on Sunday. 我经常星期天去看望祖父母。3某些副词是为了强调上下句的衔接，放在句子之前。e.g.Suddenly he had a good idea. 突然他想出了一个办法。4enough修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。e.g.The boy is old enough to go to school. 这孩子够大了能去上学。He got up early enough to catch up the train. 他起得足够早能赶上火车。(三)副词比较等级用法1副词的比较级、最高级的变法和形容词的比较级、最高级变法基本相同。前面我们已经讲过。2在两者进行比较“表示A不如B”时，部分双音节和多音节副词除使用“notas/so+副词原级+as”结构外，还可使用“less+副词原级+than”结构。e.g.Bill didnt do his homework as carefully as Jim. Bill做作业没有Jim认真。=Bill did his homework less carefully than Jim.3副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the。e.g.Lin Tao did best in English of all. 林涛是所有人中英语最好的。4副词比较级不规则变化表原级比较级最高级well（好地）betterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest(四)副词易混知识清单1how long，how soon，how oftenhow long“多久，多长时间”，是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。how soon“多快，多久以后”，是对一个短暂性动词提问，用于一般将来时句子中，常用“in+段时间”回答。how often“多长时间一次”，对频度提问，常用“once，twice，three times a week”等回答。how far“多远”，对距离提问。e.g.How long have you lived in Beijing? 你住在北京多久了？For ten year.十年了。How soon will your father come back? 你父亲多久以后回来？He will come back in a week. 他一周后回来。How often do you play football? 你多长时间踢一回足球？Once a week. 周一次。How far is it from here to your home? 这离你家有多远？Only 200 meters away. 只有200米远。2hard/hardlyhard“努力地，辛苦地”；“剧烈地，猛烈地”是程度副词。hardly“几乎不”，是否定副词。e.g.We should study hard as students. 作为学生，我们应该努力学习。I can hardly catch up with you, can you walk slowly?我几乎赶不上你了，你能走慢一点吗？3much too/too muchmuch too“非常，极其，太”much和too都是副词，much修饰too，用以加强语气，中心词是too，much too修饰形容词或副词原级。too much“太多”，中心词是much，too修饰much，以加强语气，too much修饰不可数名词。与too many相对，但too many修饰可数名词。e.g.The skirt is much too dear. 这裙子太贵了。Please dont eat too much ice-cream, its bad for your health.不要吃太多的冷激凌，它对身体不好。There are too many people in the supermarket. 超市里人太多了。4too/also/eithertoo一般不用于否定句，常放在句尾。also用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。either用于否定句，常放在句尾。e.g.You are a student, I am a student, too. 你是学生，我也是学生。They are also students. 他们也是学生。I dont like the film, either. 我也不喜欢这部电影。5too, enough, sotoo“太，很”，用于“tooto”结构，表示否定意义“太而不能”。enough“足够”，用于“形容词/副词原级+enough to”结构，表示“足够能”。so“如此”，用于“sothat”结构，表示“如此以致”。e.g.The man is too old to look after himself. 这人年纪太大了不能照顾自己。The boy runs fast enough to win the game. 这男孩跑得足够快能赢。The camera is so expensive that I cant afford it. 照相机太贵了，我买不起。6already/yetalready常用于肯定句。yet常用于否定句和疑问句句尾。e.g.I have already finished my homework.我已经完成了家庭作业。 Have you finished your homework yet?你完成了你的家庭作业吗？I havent had lunch yet. 我还没有吃午餐呢。(五)形容词怎样变成副词一般说来形容词就是形容词，副词就是副词，但也有很多形容词可以加ly来构成副词。heavyheavily loudloudly carefulcarefully clearclearlybeautifulbeautifully happyhappily truetruly luckluckilyquickquicklybadbadly同学们特别要注意副词修饰行为动词这一点。如：He is very (careful). He does everything (carefully)第一句中是作表语，用adj. careful；第二句中修饰行为动词does用adv. carefully.hard 努力hardly 几乎不 late迟的，晚的lately 近来deep 深deeply 深深地 near靠近nearly 差不多wide 宽widely 广泛地high高的highly 高度地close 靠近的closely 密切地free免费的freely 自由地二、典例剖析例1She played the piano _ than we had thought.AsuccessfulBsuccessfully Cmore successfulDmore successfully例2Tom studies _ but his sister _ studies.Ahard，hardBhardly，hardly Chard，hardlyDhardly，hard例3What do you think of the football match? Wonderful. They have played _.AbestBbetter CworseDworst解题技巧：这题设置的陷阱是出题人把一个关键的提示词than before省略了。要求同学们仔细地阅读这段小对话，根据中文“你认为这场足球赛怎么样？很精彩，他们踢得好多了(比以前)。”排除C、D答案。答案：B形容词和副词冲刺练习1He is slow in studying. I wonder how he could get good results in the exam.No wonder he is always _.AlivelyBhard-working Ckind-heartedDhelpful2It has a strange smell in your room. Youd better keep the window _.Aopen Bopens CclosesDclosed3What does your cousin look like now?Oh, he is much _ than before.AstrongBstronger CstrongestDtoo strong4Will you please speak _? Im afraid I cant follow you.AloudlyBpleasantly CslowlyDeasily5Whos _ basketball player in China now? It is Yao Ming?No. Its Sun Mingming.AtallBtaller Cthe tallest Dthe taller6The busier he is, the _ he feels.AhappilyBhappy ChappierDmore happy7Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework _.Amore carefullyBmore carelessly Cmore carefulDmore careless8Mr. Smith always has _ to tell us.Asome good pieces of news Bsome pieces of good newsCsome good piece of news Dsome piece of good news9Do you believe some special dogs can do things _ man?Aas good asBas well as Cas soon asDas careful as10I dont like this kind of TV shows because theyre _?AboringBwonderful CinterestingDbeautiful11In winter the day is _ than it is in summer.Ashort Bshorter CshortestDthe shortest12The old man is looking at his granddaughter _. He has not seen her for a long time.AhappyBhappily Chappier Dthe happiest13Mary felt ill on Monday, and _ the following day, so she went to see a doctor.Abadly Bworse CworstDmore ill14The fish smells _. You mustnt eat it.AniceBheavy Cquick Dterrible15It is _ to work out this problem. You neednt ask the teacher.Aenough easyBeasily enough Ceasy enough Dvery easily16Beijing, the capital of China, is one of _ cities in the world.Athe biggestBbigger Cmuch biggerDbig17Dont worry. Your grandma will get _.Awell and wellBbetter and better Cwell and betterDgood and well18Do you like the two skirts?The yellow one is good, but the green one looks _.AnicerBnice Cbest Dgood19_ you work, _ you will do.AHarder；betterBThe harder；the worse CHardest；bestDThe harder；the better20Though he has studied _ at maths for months, he can still _ make progress.Ahard；hardBhardly；hardly Chard；hardlyDhardly；hard1B题意：“他在学习中反应很慢。我想知道他是如何在考试中取得好成绩的。”“怪不得他总是很刻苦呢。”hard-working意为“刻苦的”。lively意为“活泼的”，kind-hearted意为“好心的”，helpful意为“有帮助的”。根据题意知，答案选B。2A题意：你的房间里有股怪味儿。你最好开着窗户。选项应为形容词作补语，表示状态。keepopen意为“让开着”。B、C两项都是动词的第三人称单数形式；closed意为“关着的”，与题意不符。3B题意：“现在你表弟看起来怎么样?”“噢，他比以前强壮多了。”由句中的than判断用比较级形式。4C题意：你能说慢点吗?我恐怕跟不上你。由题意可知应是让说话人说慢一些，slowly意为“慢地”，符合题意。loudly意为“大声地”；pleasantly意为“愉快地”；easily意为“容易地”。5C题意：“谁是中国现在最高的篮球运动员?是姚明吗?”“不，是孙明明。”由句中表示比较范围的地点状语in China判断，形容词用最高级。6C题意：他越忙越感到高兴。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越越”的意思。所以应选形容词的比较级，happy的比较级要变y为i加er。7A题意：艾米比弗兰克犯的错误少。她做家庭作业更细心。由前一句可推知艾米做作业更细心，故排除B、D两项。修饰动词do应用副词，因此答案选A。8A题意：史密斯先生总有一些好消息告诉我们。在“a piece/pair of+名词”结构中，形容词多置于piece或pair之前。表示复数概念时，要在piece/pair后加s。9B题意：你是否相信有一些特种狗可以像人一样做好一些事情。asas表示原级比较；修饰动词应用副词，故排除A、D两项。soon表示“很快”，与题意不符。10A题意：我不喜欢这类电视节目，因为它们很无聊。boring意为“无聊的”，符