初中近义词辨析3.doc

So do I so I do so can I so did I so(neither) shall I so was I 1. I like fish._. 2. You like fish. _.3. If you go there tomorrow, _4. If you dont go there tomorrow, _5. You watched TV last night, _6. He can work out this math problem, _7. You was late for class,_答案：1.so do I; 2.so I do; 3.so shall I; 4.neither shall I; 5.so did I; 6.so can I; 7.so was I 解析：so + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词（do/ does/ did） + 人称代词，表示“某人也是（这样），这是倒装句，具体用法前面句子中的动词为行为动词，后面倒装句要用助动词来代替前面的动词，要注意助动词跟前面的行为动词时态要一致，例如句1和句5；如果前面句子中的动词是情态动词或be动词，后面倒装句也要用同样的情态动词或be动词，例如句6和句7；如果倒装句要表示“某人也不（这样）”，即否定的含义，只要把so改成neither即可；so + 人称代词 + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词, 该句型为强调句，表示“某人确实如此”；句3和句4因为是条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，shall“将会（要）”用于第一人称。Sleep asleep sleeping bed sleepy1. The _ baby is about ten months old. 2. its time for _ = its time to go to bed.3. Last night I went to _ at 11:30 and went to _ very soon. 4. When he came to see me, I was _ in bed. 5. He was very tired and needed some _6. As soon as fall _, I always dreams that I do my homework. 7. I feel _ now because I went to bed after midnight. 8. You look _. What were you doing last night?答案：1.sleeping; 2.sleep/ bed; 3.bed/ sleep; 4.sleeping; 5.sleep; 6.asleep; 7.sleepy; 8.sleepy解析：sleep“睡觉”，可作名词也可作动词，常见搭配go to sleep“入睡，睡着（表示刚进入睡眠）；asleep“睡着的”，是形容词，但不能用在名词前，常见搭配fall asleep“睡着”；sleeping“睡着的”，也是形容词，用于名词前修饰该名词或用在be动词后表状态，例如句1和句4；bed“床”，常和go组成固定搭配go to bed“上床睡觉”，仅仅表示这个动作，睡没睡着不知道；sleepy“困倦的，昏昏欲睡的”，常用于feel，look等感官动词或be动词后。Stop (doing) stop (to do)1. After a long walk, he had to _ a rest. 走了很长一段路，他不得不停下休息一会2. He _ the stick, he fell behind. 他停下来去接棒，（结果）他被落在了后面3. I turned on the radio and _ it. 我打开收音机，停下来听4. When the baby listened to the radio, she_. 当这个婴儿听收音机时，她停止了哭泣5. There goes the bell. _ and keep quiet. 铃响了，停止说话，保持安静答案：1.stop to have; 2.stopped to get; 3.stopped to listen to; 4.stoped crying; 5.stop talking解析：stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth.“停下一件事去做另一件事”。Remember (doing) remember (to do)1. Please _ the door when you leave. 当你离开时，请记得把门关上2. Do you _ your _ the money back to him? 你记得你已经把钱还给他了吗？3. Have you returned the book to the library? - I _ to the library. 你把书还给图书馆了吗？我记得我已经还了4. Will you _ Jim to call me when he comes back? 当吉姆回来时，你记得叫他打电话给我吗？5. I _the door when I left. Who has opened it again?我记得我离开时关了门，是谁又把它打开了？答案：1.remember to close; 2.remember/ giving(returning); 3.remember returning; 4.remember to ask; 5.remember closing.解析：remember doing sth.表示记得做过了某事；remember to do sth表示记得要去做某事。Try (doing) try (to do)1. _ (get) up early, for were going to start our trip at six oclock tomorrow. 2. If nobody hears you on the front door, _ (knock) at the back door. 3. Sometimes he _ (write) letters in English. 4. The dog _ (catch) the rabbit, but the rabbit ran into a hole quickly.答案：1.try to get; 2.try knocking; 3.tries writing; 4.tried catching解析：try to do sth. 尽量（力）去做某事；try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事Forget (doing) forget (to do)1. I will never forget _ (meet) the famous pop star for the first time. 2. Dont forget _ (turn) off the light when you leave. 3. I forgot _(post) the letter. It is still in my pocket. 答案：1.meeting; 2.to turn; 3.to post解析：forget doing sth. 忘记做过了某事； forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事Mean (doing) mean (to do)1. I didnt mean _ with you.(argue) 2. Love means _ (give)3. I really mean _ it. It is important for me.(do) 4. Being lazy means _ behind others. (fall)答案：1.to argue; 2.giving; 3.to do; 4.falling解析：mean (doing) sth 意味着（做）某事；mean to do sth. 打算去做某事Take spend pay cost1. It often _ me a quarter of an hour to go to school by bike.2. I often _ a quarter of an hour going to school by bike.3. It _ them three hours to hike to the top of the mountains.4. They _ half a year in building the bridge last year.5. I _ 1000 dollars on this used car.6. I _ 1000 dollars for this used car.7. This old car _ me 1000 dollars.8. How long does it _ to get to the moon by spaceship?9. How much did it _ you?10. This diamond necklace _ 2000 Yuan.11. He _ his holiday in his hometown.12. It _ us half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday. = We _ half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday.答案：1.takes; 2.spend; 3.takes; 4.spend; 5.spend; 6. pay; 7.cost; 8.take; 9.cost; 10.costs; 11.spends; 12.took/ spent解析：take常用于句型it takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人花多少时间做某事（it为形式主语）；spend常用于句型sb spend + 时间/ 钱 + (in) doing sth.或sb. spend + 时间/ 钱 + on sth. “某人花多少时间（钱）做某事；pay通常用于句型sb. pay + money + for sth. “某人为某样东西付了多少钱”；cost常见句型sth.cost sb. + money + to do sth. “某物花了某人多少钱”。注意：take，pay，spend的主语只能是人，而cost的主语只能是物。have been to have been (in) have gone to go went1. I _ the Great Wall twice?2. How long _ you _ America? I _ there for two years.3. He _ Beijing and is coming back next Sunday; “when did he _ there?” “He _ there the day before yesterday.”4. How many times _ you _ Beijing? - Only once.答案：1.have been to; 2.have/ been in; 3.has gone to/ go/ went; 4.have/ been to解析：have been to + 地点，“去过某地（人已经回来）”；have been in + 地点，“一直呆在某地（强调状态的持续性）”；have gone to + 地点，“去了某地（人不在这里）”。ill sick worse1. She must look after her _ mother.2. I feel _ when I smell the food. It smells terrible.3. He was _yesterday; the doctor says he is much _ today.4. Im glad you dont feel any_; I think youll be all right soon.答案：1.sick; 2.sick; 3.ill/ worse; 4.sick解析：ill“生病的”，形容词，常用在be动词后做表语（表示生病的状态），如果用在名词前表示“的-”，如she is an ill woman 她是个坏女人，a sick people 一个病人；sick“生病的/ 恶心的”，可用在名词前，也可用在be动词和感官动词后，例如句1中sick mother生病的母亲，句2中feel sick感到恶心，句3中he was ill = he was sick；worse是ill和sick的比较级，最高级是worst。How long how often how soon how far how many times1. _ did the film last? 2. _ can you be ready? - In a few minutes.3. _ has the film lasted? For about twenty minutes.4. _ do you go to the bookstore? Three times a month.5. _ has the train run since it left the station? - About 50 kilometers.6. _ a week do you go shopping? Five 7. _ do you go shopping? - Once a week.8. _ will he come back? - In five minutes.9. _ can you jump? - Four meters.10. _ were you late for school last term? - Never/ sometimes.答案：1.how long; 2.how soon; 3.how long; 4.how often; 5.how far; 6.how many times; 7.how often; 8.how soon; 9.how far; 10.how many times解析：how long, how soon“多久”，都是问时间长短，区别在于回答“how long” 的提问，通常用“for + 一段时间”，表示时间持续了多久，回答“how soon”的提问，通常用“in + 一段时间”，表示多少时间以后；how often“多次”，问事情或动作发生的频率，回答通常为“once/ twice + 时间(两次以内)”，或“基数词(three/ four-)times + 时间（三次及以上）”，表示“多久几次”；how many times “多少次”，是对一段时间内动作或事情发生的具体次数提问，回答用“基数词+time(s)”，time可省略，如句6；how far“多远”，问距离。Big large strong heavy great1.大风 _ wind; 2.大雨 _ rain; 3.大雪 _ snow. 4.数量多_ number; 5.人口多 _ population; 6.面积大_ area; 7.大男孩_ boy; 8.大问题_ problem.答案：1.strong; 2.heavy; 3.heavy; 4.large/ great; 5.large; 6.large; 7.big; 8.big解析：记住这些固定用法。Different difference1. She is always wearing a _ hat every time I see her. 2. The two boys are _ in their tastes.3. This is _ from that.4. Can you tell me the _ between American English and British English?5. There is no _ whether he will come or not.答案：1.different; 2.different; 3.different; 4.difference; 5.difference解析：different“不同的”，是形容词，常见搭配be different from - “-与-不同”；difference“不同”，是名词。Others the others1. I dont like these. Please give me some _; 2. Some like this, _ like that.3. There are five dictionaries on the desk. This one is better than _4. You mustnt lend this book to_.5. Two of these pears are mine, _ are yours.答案：1.others; 2.others; 3.the others; 4.others; 5.the others解析：others“其它的（别的）人或物”，是代词，泛指其他的人或物；the others也指代其他的人或物，但是特指在某个范围内的。例如句5，the others是特指在这些梨中，除去我的两个梨以外，剩下的其他的梨，是有范围限制的。Would like feel like be like look like1. I feel terrible, and I dont _ _ eating anything. 2. I _ _ to go to your party tomorrow, but I will be busy then.3. Is your daughter lost? Tell me what she _ _4. do you know what the weather will _ _ the day after tomorrow、5. Do you _ _ taking a walk with me?6. What _ he_? He is very kind.7. What does he_ _? He is young, handsome and strong.8. I _ _ you to come to my home for dinner this evening.答案：1.feel like; 2.would like; 3.looks like; 4.be like; 5.feel like; 6.is/ like; 7.look like; 8.would like解析：would like to